Chickpea is a member of the legume family of the genus Ciler L. The latter has more than 35 plant species that are common in Western and Central Asia. There is only one variety that does not occur in the wild. It is he who is eaten.
What is cultural chickpeas? This is an annual plant that can sprout in a rather cold period. Seeds begin to germinate at 4°C. Young sprouts, covered with snow, will perfectly endure a moderate winter and even short frosts down to -20 ° C. In the spring, when the snow melts, sprouted chickpeas will not die if frosts down to -15 ° С.
Culture has a core system of roots. It consists of the main root (it goes a meter deep into the earth, or even deeper) and small processes that develop in a small depth. They form small nodules. They contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The straight stem is slightly branched, has a sprawling or compressed shape. The average plant height is 50 cm, but it can be lower or higher.
Oval leaves are not paired. The color of the plant is green or any tone of this color. Only one flower appears per crop. Its color, like future fruits, depends entirely on the color of the seeds. Light seed - white flower - yellow bean. The fruits are oval or diamond-shaped. There are 1-2 beans in a pod. The growing season for a crop averages one hundred days, it all depends on the variety. What is chickpeas according to photoperiodic reaction? This is the cereal of the long day. Therefore, late sowing reduces the yield.
Agrotechnology
What are chickpeas in a crop rotation? This is an excellent predecessor for many agricultural crops. This is directly related to its nodules. The more developed they are, the more bacteria in the ground, and if we add soil moisture to this, then the future crop of the subsequent crop is expected to be large. This is especially evident in winter wheat. Therefore, chickpeas are placed in a crop rotation with the subsequent economic effect: winter wheat - chickpeas - winter wheat. So that the culture does not become infected with diseases, it is sown in the same place once every four years.
Soil
What is ground chickpeas? What work is carried out before landing? The soil is cultivated in stages:
- Disk former culture;
- plowing deep;
- field leveling in autumn and spring moisture closure.
Disking is carried out to preserve moisture, destroy weeds. Deep plowing stores water and allows the soil to breathe. Chickpeas are sown very early, so the main land work occurs in the fall.
Sev
Growing chickpeas begins with planting seeds at the end of March. For these works, seeders are used, and the planting depth depends on the moisture in the soil. On well-moistened soils, seeds are deeplynot close up.
Care
Enclosed in weed control. Apply harrowing, the first is carried out before germination. The next two are performed a week apart, when the plant has three leaves.
Cleaning
During ripening, the stems do not lie on the ground, and the pods do not crack. Therefore, harvesters are used for harvesting. The collected seeds are cleaned and dried. They are stored and suitable for sowing for ten years.
