The ability to tie rope knots is necessary not only for tourists. Grapevine, weaving, straight and auxiliary knots can be useful in everyday life. During the journey, it may be necessary to establish a temporary crossing, use a rope attachment to lower or raise people and cargo. It is easy to close the bag in a special way if the tourist knows how to tie the knot.
Grapevine, straight, bowline, marine, fishing
The place where the ends of the fishing line, ropes, ropes are connected, tangled in a special order, is called a knot. The main number of ligaments was invented by sailors. There are over 4,000 rope connections for all occasions. Climbers and tourists have found special use for several dozen of this variety. Travelers use those that wear the rope minimally, keep the strength, do not relax arbitrarily. Along with this, such quality as easy untying after loading is appreciated.
Depending on the purpose, practical knots are divided into several types:
- grasping;
- shock-absorbing;
- auxiliary.
In addition, you need to know that to connect ropes of the same thickness, they usestraight or counter, weaving or grapevine (how to knit - below). For safety and non-tightening loops, they make a simple and Austrian conductor, figure eight, nine. These knots are good for connecting tourists in one chain.
Need to secure yourself to a support or a tree? Weave a noose, bowline or knit a stirrup. The ends of the lines of different thicknesses are connected with an academic ligament, using a clew or a clew. Grapevine knots are equally suitable in such cases. Moreover, the greater the difference in size, the stronger the ropes grab.
Auxiliary and control: what is it and what for?
Among the listed variety, only 6-8 options are used by tourists. Some of the joints slide on modern synthetic ropes. Some of the knots are outdated, and the tourists have replaced them with modified and stronger ones.
The grapevine knot, whose history continues, is traditionally used to tie ropes of the same thickness, as well as with different diameters. To maintain the confidence of the connection, “controls” are additionally tied at the working ends of the ropes. This is the name of additional knots that fix the free edges of the ropes. This method adds reliability to the fastening, which is important at high- altitude mountain crossings. Control knots are knitted along all the main fasteners. However, double fishing and weaving do not require additional security measures.
Auxiliary or special nodes tourists use for self-insurance, during rescue activities, when raising, lowering,carrying cargo. "Amphora" fix vessels with a neck for transportation or placement in the river (to cool the drink). Marking nodes indicate the ends of the ropes.
What reduces the strength of a rope?
You can't use twine without a single knot. But one has only to tie at least one tourist knot (grapevine or another), as the strength of the rope decreases slightly. This is due to a change in tension during kinks and shearing of some fibers at the junctions. And when the twine is frozen or wet, ice crystals act on the fibers. During the load, on the kinks and loops, the forces are distributed unevenly, the tension of some threads is greater, others are weaker. The resulting forces in the transverse fibers of the bends create an additional, extra load on the straight sections of the rope. The influence of some nodes reduces the strength of the rope up to 35-60%. Despite this feature, any ties, including grapevine knots, do not change the basic dynamic qualities of the climbing lasso.
How to save and should the ropes be cleaned?
In addition to the practical skill of tying knots, it is important to properly store equipment and take care of the ropes. Experienced hikers pay enough attention to cleaning and packing their "assistants" in climbing the peaks. The first thing to do from time to time is hand wash in warm soapy water. It is better to dry in the shade in the breeze. Store ropes with a heavy cloth or tarpaulin underneath in a place where equipment is not at risk of contamination from chemicals, sand or earth.
Before the next hike, you should carefully check the integrity of the ropes, the absence of damage. It is important to remember that heat from downhill skiing or friction against rocks can worsen the condition of the rope.
Advantages over the oncoming node
How to tie a grapevine knot? Sometimes it is called "double fishing", sometimes - "double weaving". Why is it so fond of tourists making mountain climbs? It should be noted that this method is one of the most durable. Using this connection, it is possible to splice the ends of flat tapes. Fixation of safety lines, guy loops, use for connecting ropes of different caliber - all this is available with double knots.
With the use of Greptwine, there was no need to make safety knots. This contributes to greater safety for the hiker, as it saves time and the length of the rope. Another important quality is considered to be the minimum effect on the weakening of the ropes, about 6% of strength is lost. Such a coefficient is not available to other knots of similar strength.
Tourist specific terminology
For a better understanding of the interesting and useful process of connecting ropes, we list the main and generally accepted designations for loops, ends and crossings. So:
- the main one is the fixed or free-lying end of the rope along which weaving takes place;
- running or working is the moving part of the rope;
- open loop is not a crossed, doubled parttwine;
- a pebble is called a closed, inverted bend on a rope;
- knitting of the well-known ordinary household knot begins with a semi-knot;
- running is the girth of a support or a tree without crossing;
- hose is called the capture of an object with a full turn of the rope (by 360), in which the ends of the rope “look” in opposite directions;
- half bayonet is a turn around the support, followed by the rope crossing its end perpendicularly (without threading under the loop).
Sequence for obtaining a double weave joint
Grapevine how to knit? The knot is made up of half knots, which are alternately tied with the edges of the rope. First, next to each other, the ends of the rope are laid. One of them is wrapped around both strings twice (two hoses are made), threaded through the turns of the resulting spiral and tightened. Do the same with the other end. Then you need to pull both strings in different directions until the tightened half-knots are completely brought together. The length of the working tails should be 12-20 cm. Control nodes are not required, the connection is already tightly tightened with the load.
If you want to untie a double fishing grip, the knots are first pulled apart in different directions. It is difficult to do this, but it is possible. Then relax and untie one part. After pulling the rope out of the second half knot, it is easy to untangle it.
How to learn how to quickly tie a grapevine knot (photos and tips)?
Sometimes a touristhave to fasten the ropes in extreme conditions. Need speed and good practical skills. If you hang on the belay or have difficulty keeping your balance on a tiny ice platform, every second counts. Rescues "motor" memory, in which the climber acts without thinking, the hands move mechanically.
To master dynamic skills, the grapevine knot knitting pattern and the following methods are used:
- Using the features of visual memory, it is necessary to learn sequential drawings and instructions. Repeated training in tying “without a prompt” will make it easy to remember the whole process and the answer to the question of how to make a grapevine knot in the right situation.
- Memorizing the exact sequence of movement of the ends of the rope in the process of practical work on the connection creates the necessary algorithm of actions in the head. Quality and speed depend only on the number of repetitions.
If you use these two methods alternately or in combination, the brain and hands will learn not only grapevine knots, but also other special connections. Instructors recommend immediately accustoming yourself to leaving a rope “tail” at least 5-7 cm long for safety purposes when tying any knots.
