A summer cottage is simply impossible to imagine without at least a small household building. To build such a barn with your own hands, as it should be for a real owner, is quite simple. You just need to have the necessary supply of materials (in most cases, wood boards are used) and some skill. You may also need the help of a friend. And sometimes (if the barn is large) it will be necessary to call a crane.
As a rule, on the purchased site, a temporary building first grows, which can later become a barn for animals. It is necessary to build a barn as soon as possible, while not spending significant funds on its construction. Sometimes, if such a need arises, several such buildings are placed on the site, which have different purposes.
What is the shed for
Auxiliary buildings can performthe role of a pantry for garden tools. For this purpose, they are perhaps most often built. It is not uncommon for people to seek to build a shed for chickens and raising pets. Also, outbuildings often serve as a place to store solid fuel, are used as workshops.
It is very important to decide what function the barn will perform before starting work. Correctly build, as well as choose a location, without this it will be very problematic. If it is not enough to think through all the nuances and features well enough, then it is possible that in the near future it will be necessary to completely dismantle the building and build it in a new way.
What material to build a barn in the country?
Again, the choice in favor of one or another building material will largely depend on what the shed is intended for, as well as on weather conditions for a particular climate zone. Just like ordinary private residential buildings, you can build a barn in the country from timber, brick, aerated concrete blocks, put together from boards, use corrugated board. Due to its relative cheapness and practicality, wood is the most common material.
Appearance, service life, internal temperature will depend on the material used in construction. In the event that, after the construction of a residential building, quite a lot of building materials remain on the site, they can be put into a barn. How to build it is up to each individual. In this case, most often the barn becomes a logical continuation of the house and is not separated from it (that is, it is attachedup close). This strategy saves a lot of money.
Choosing a place to build a building
How to build a barn correctly and in the right place? The location of the building is dictated by its purpose. It should be convenient to approach the barn at any time of the year and in any weather. It is not necessary, but highly desirable, to choose a site with rocky soil unsuitable for growing crops.
How to build a barn on a site with a significant slope? In this case, it is recommended to choose the highest possible site for construction. Indeed, in winter, the building will become mired in snowdrifts, and during the off-season it will sink in puddles. In addition, building a house in a lowland will require additional expenses for the construction of a high foundation and its waterproofing.
Often, a barn is knocked together from boards that are at hand. Such a structure, of course, will not be outwardly particularly attractive. Therefore, the owners tend to hide it behind a residential building so that it is not visible to passers-by from the street.
In order to disguise from prying eyes, you can build a barn, like a bathroom, in the depths of the garden, under the cover of shrubs. It is desirable that firewood be stored as close to the dwelling as possible. Therefore, they tend to move the woodshed as close as possible, and often even attach it to the living quarters.
If the shed is planned to be used as a repair shop, then it should be removed as far as possible from it. Otherwise, the operation of equipment or a sledgehammer will disturb the peace of the residents of a country house. Experts advise building workshop buildings in such a way that their windows face east and south, and there are no massive trees nearby. This will make the most efficient use of natural light.
Thus, it’s not difficult to build a barn in the country with your own hands. It is only important to immediately determine the place where to place it, as well as its functional purpose.
A foam block shed
Foam block is a rather expensive material, but it also lasts a long time. Its advantage over other building materials is its ease of use.
In the general case, the construction of such a barn comes down to the following steps:
- Preparation of the foundation site. At this stage, the weed is cut down, the territory is freed from debris. The top layer of soil (up to half a meter) is cut off.
- Filling the foundation. This technological operation is not recommended to be carried out during the period of rains and high humidity. It should be sunny and warm outside. But at the same time, the solution must not be allowed to dry out. Therefore, on hot summer days, it is necessary to regularly, before the construction of walls, pour water over the foundation.
- The foundation is covered with moisture-proof material, which is recommended to use roofing material.
- Cement mixture is being prepared: cement and sand are mixed in a ratio of 1:4;
- Foam blocks are being laid. Corners are laid out first. Blocks are placed exactly, for which you need to uselevel. Door and window openings are formed.
- The roof is being built. The foam block is a very durable and reliable module. Therefore, the roof can be any, even from very heavy materials;
- Installation of windows and doors.
- Exterior and interior decoration.
This type of barn is quite difficult to build on your own. Professional builders will do this work much better and faster.
Types of foundations for sheds and their construction
Wooden piles or concrete poles are the best option for a timber framed shed. Such a foundation is quite simple to build. Both the barn and other buildings stand perfectly on stilts and are not subject to the detrimental effects of wet soil.
Outwardly, such a foundation is a row of pillars, built in transverse and longitudinal directions with a certain rigidly set step, which can take on various values from one and a half to two and a half meters. The specific value depends on the dimensions of the barn, on the section of the log, as well as on the features of the internal layout. The thicker the logs, the higher their bearing capacity, the greater the distance allowed between the foundation supports.
Be sure to make at least a sketch of the future building on a piece of paper. In general, it is desirable, of course, to draw a full-fledged project. For obvious reasons, the idea of the owner of the site is not always initially implemented on paper. As a result, mistakes are made during the installation of the structure and repeated alterations.
The use of this type of foundation allows you to buildbarn cheap and fast. As an alternative to wood, when arranging a columnar foundation, it is also allowed to use bricks, prefabricated reinforced concrete structures, as well as metal or plastic rigid pipes. At the same time, if pipes are used, then after installation, all cavities are filled with cement mortar.
The outlines of the future foundation are always set by a rope tied to driven pegs.
Pillars of timber or a metal pipe are buried at least half a meter deep. Treating with chemicals and coating with resin will delay the processes of decay by a whole decade. Thus, these simple measures can significantly extend the life of the building.
Foundation binding
In order to carry out the strapping, you will need a massive wooden beam with side dimensions of 100 by 100 millimeters. In the event that the number of supports is limited to nine pillars spaced a considerable distance, it is necessary to use beams with a section of 150 by 150 millimeters. The floor is laid on the logs (boards with a thickness of at least 40 millimeters).
Laying such a foundation is simple and can be done by hand. Building a barn, like a foundation, is also easy. It is only important not to deviate from generally accepted rules.
It is important to impregnate each element of wood with a special solution. This treatment will not allow the wood to rot, and will also make it resistant to ignition when in contact with open flames.
The foundation pillars must be insulated. For this purposethey are wrapped in sheets of roofing material or covered with a layer of hot resin (resin).
When cutting logs along the length, grooves and protrusions are cut out at the ends, respectively, which engage and are fastened with construction nails or pins with a diameter of 20 millimeters. To install the latter, you will need to drill through holes.
How to install a floorboard
This operation is simple. Boards are simply screwed to the joists. It is necessary to ensure a snug fit of the boards one to another.
In the event that large loads are planned to be stored indoors, it makes sense to think about arranging a concrete floor. In this case, the empty space from the floor surface to the ground must be covered with sand or soil, and then poured with a concrete screed.
Special impregnations for concrete are available for sale. It is recommended to use such a product to extend the life of the screed and prevent its destruction as a result of moisture absorption.
Installation of vertical supports
As you can see from the photo, it is impossible to build a barn without installing vertical bearing supports. For them, it is recommended to take bars up to three meters long. Before you fix the rack, you need to put it in the intended place and double-check everything again. At the bottom end at the point of intersection of the diagonals, a blind hole with a diameter of 20 millimeters is drilled. The bar is brought to a vertical position and mounted on the dowel (the landing should be with an interference fit). Then the stand andlogs are securely fastened together with self-tapping screws and metal corners. Moreover, be sure to screw the corners and metal plates around the entire perimeter of the section of the rack.
Stands fixed from below are quite unstable and can fall in a gust of wind, tearing out the screws at the base. To prevent this from happening, you need to fasten all the racks with rails.
Tie up the posts on top
For the upper strapping, it is allowed to use bars of a smaller section than those used from below. By analogy with the bottom strapping, grooves and protrusions are cut out for engagement. Further, everything is already clear - using a ladder or a crane (if the bar is massive and heavy), we raise the element up and fasten it to the racks with self-tapping screws.
By choosing this technology, you can cheaply build a barn with your own hands. Be that as it may, the final decision remains with the owner of the site.
Roof installation
For the roof of the barn, you can use a wooden rectangular beam with sides in a section of 25x15 millimeters. Boards must be attached to the rafters. For this purpose, as a rule, construction nails are used. Boards are stacked from each other at a distance of 15 centimeters. The extreme rafters are supported in the middle by bars installed on the upper trim.
It remains only to insulate the roof (if necessary) and carry out roofing work. Preference should be given to light materials - corrugated board or metal tiles.
Roof roofcarried out in the following order: the crate is covered with waterproofing material. Sheets of roofing material are laid from left to right with a certain overlap. Self-tapping screws are used as fasteners.
The easiest way to build a shed. The roof of such a building is a plane with a slight slope away from the site (so that water does not flood the garden).
Recommendations from experienced builders and summer residents
A wood shed is being built in the shortest possible time - just a few days. But the construction of a stone building can be delayed for an indefinite time. But all possible troubles and inconveniences will more than pay off with reliable service and a long service life of such a building.
Recently, people increasingly prefer to fuss with the construction of sheds with their own hands, the acquisition of ready-made standard structures. Such sheds are brought by the seller to the summer cottage and assembled in a matter of hours. They can be either plastic or wood or metal. However, such a design, except as a pantry inventory, will not work for anything else.
It is best to insulate the walls of the barn with foam. It is also allowed to use mineral wool. Drywall is necessarily impregnated with antiseptic agents. In addition to drywall, finishing can be done with facade plastic, siding or wood boards. In principle, any material that is available will do for a barn.
It is desirable to approach the matter from allresponsibility and seriousness. If it is planned to operate the building for many years, construction work should be carried out in accordance with generally established rules and regulations, GOST. Self-activity is allowed, but within reasonable limits. As for the animal shed, you can build it in haste, without worrying about the appearance and architectural ensemble.
