If you rely on the definition given in various dictionaries and encyclopedias, then a hydraulic structure is being built in order to rationally manage and dispose of water resources. At first glance, it may seem that there are a lot of these resources on the planet, and there is no special need to distribute them among consumers. However, this is a superficial judgment. First, water has a different quality. Secondly, where people live, it is distributed extremely unevenly. And thirdly, its reserves are used for different purposes. It must be added to the above that large volumes of water very often pose a danger to human life.
According to British scientists, the construction of hydraulic structures began in ancient times. This can be judged by the excavations and studies of the settlements in which the ancestors lived.modern man. The remains of the dam, which was built in ancient Egypt more than five thousand years ago, have survived to this day. This large-scale hydraulic structure was erected with a specific purpose - to provide water to the fields on which various crops were cultivated. Today, agriculture on irrigated lands occupies a significant share in the total agricultural production.
In this context, it should be noted that the hydraulic structure is being built not only for the needs of agriculture. Even according to a rough estimate, their share is less than ten percent of the total volume of construction work. According to their functional purpose, they are divided into general and special. Common ones include water support, water supply, regulation, water intake. A typical example of a water-retaining structure is a dam. With their help, a level difference is created in front of a specific structure or settlement. The dam is an indispensable element of the hydroelectric power plant.
A water-conducting hydraulic structure is a canal, a tunnel, a flume and a pipeline. These communications move large volumes of moisture to the place of use. Regulatory structures are designed to change the natural watercourse. Among them are called protective dams, semi-dams and structures that serve to strengthen the coastal strip.
Water intake devices serve to supply settlementsdrinking and technical moisture. This is a complex engineering structure, the work of which is subject to the most stringent requirements for sanitary standards and the schedule for the supply of the main resource, in this case water.
Construction of any object begins with the development of technical specifications. It is very important to clearly articulate for what purposes this structure will be erected. Of course, preparing for the construction of a hydroelectric power station will take more time than developing a project for a reservoir for breeding fish. But the scale of the upcoming construction does not affect the quality of survey and design work at all. In any case, the necessary set of measures is carried out. It is very important to conduct a timely inspection of hydraulic structures that have already been built. For these purposes, special technologies and equipment are being developed, special firms and organizations are working.
