When creating a project for their home, the owners want to have a cozy and comfortable room. They think over the interior decoration of each room, plan the arrangement of furniture. But the most important thing in the construction of a quality house is its decoration, which provides the building with waterproofing and thermal insulation of the walls, is the necessary barrier between the warm room and the cold air outside. The house has external and internal walls - which ones are better to insulate?
Sheathing the walls of the house from the inside, you significantly lose living space, and cold and moisture continue to affect the outer part of the building. If the outer walls are insulated and sheathed, then the living space will not decrease in volume, there will be no additional load on the foundation, but the brickwork will be reliably protected from moisture, temperature differences, fungi and bacteria. According to statistics, 40% of heat loss in houses is carried out through the walls. If the outer walls of the house are carefully insulated, then energy costs will be significantly reduced.
Choice of insulation
Before starting any work, you need to take care of the materials and think about which insulation is better to take. For sheathing the outer wall of the house, mineral wool, consisting of artificialmineral fibers. It is divided into two types: stone and slag. It is sold in slabs or rolls. It does not pass moisture, does not burn, does not react to dampness, is resistant to mechanical damage, protects against insects and retains heat well. She is very comfortable to work with.
Can be used to insulate with glass wool produced from glass waste. It has similar properties to mineral wool, but during insulation work with such material, protective gloves, a face mask and goggles must be worn. This will prevent small parts from entering the respiratory tract and eyes.
Styrofoam or expanded polystyrene is very popular. Plates made of this material are very light, have a cellular structure. It is the cheapest material, so it is often used in the construction of houses. There are two types: dense and porous. Now there are polystyrene foam boards that are incombustible. This is an important quality for the safety of your home. After installing such a material on the outer walls, you need to apply a layer of plaster or other type of cladding. Such a heater is not left open.
Wall insulation
There are two ways to apply insulation to the surface of an external brick wall:
- A bonded way of laying plates joint-to-joint, which leaves no gaps.
- Crate, stuffed on the outer surface of the house, in the cavity of which pieces of insulation are inserted.
Now the bonded method of insulation is very popular, since with such stylingno material remains so-called "cold paths" - these are places where the insulation material does not come into contact with each other behind the crate, and unprotected strips of the wall remain. With the bonded method, the tiles are well joined, and the house is completely protected, without gaps.
The first step in insulation will be leveling the surface of the walls. To do this, the surface is plastered, then a layer of glue is applied and an insulation plate is applied. The edges and the center are reinforced with special dowels, the slots are blown with mounting foam. If the distance between the plates is significant, then it is better to fill the space with a cut-out strip of insulation.
The next stage of work on the insulation of the outer walls of the house is the application of a reinforcing layer, which is a fiberglass mesh or a metal mesh. A thick layer of glue is applied to the insulation plates and the mesh is pressed in. Smoothing movements level the layer of reinforcement. After the glue has completely dried, the surface is cleaned and prepared for the last stage for finishing with decorative plaster, which is subsequently painted.
Plastered and painted house
After applying the insulation, economical owners can simply plaster the house and paint it with paint for open surfaces. Plaster can be made embossed, voluminous or textured. It is widely used in our time for finishing work. Embossed plasters on the facade are in harmony with smooth surfaces made of natural material.
To form a relief layer of plaster, a trowel and trowels, a sponge and various graters are used. In this case, you need to act quickly, forming a relief pattern on the base coat that has not yet dried. An interesting element of decorating with embossed plaster is painting the texture with several contrasting colors. To do this, after applying the main color, the paint that has not yet dried must be shaded with a special mitten.
Facing a house with natural stone
The stone facades of the outer walls give the impression of solidity and respectability. Natural stone is always pleasing to the eye, even if the house is not fully lined, but only, for example, the basement. This is an environmentally friendly and durable material that creates coolness in the house in summer and does not release heat outside in winter. Installation work is quick and easy.
The only drawback of this material is its weight. The delivery of the material will be quite expensive, and the stone itself is not cheap. There is an artificial substitute that is much lighter and cheaper, but its lifespan is much shorter.
Facade tiles
Facade tiles are used to decorate and protect the house from moisture. It comes in several varieties: clinker, terracotta and decorative.
Clinker tile resembles brick in appearance, only smooth and bright. Such tiles can sheathe a building made of foam blocks or sand-lime bricks.
Afterfinishing work, the house acquires the clarity of lines, the brightness of the brickwork. Yes, and such a coating will serve for a long time. Therefore, both in Europe and in Russia, this sheathing is very popular. Tiles can be used to lay out paths on a personal plot.
Terracotta and decorative tiles are less popular but have the same properties. A variety of colors and shapes will attract the attention of people who want to have an original and unique design for their home.
Wood paneling
Since ancient times, wood cladding of the outer walls of a house has been very popular. Now the material called "block house" is popular. After covering the walls, the structure becomes like a wooden frame. This material looks expensive and has good characteristics. It is lightweight, easy to install and durable. With minor mechanical damage, the material can be sanded and repainted.
Exterior wall decoration can also be done using wooden lining. The quality and durability of the material depends on the choice of wood. Inexpensive and comfortable lining made of pine. But if you buy oak, then the service life will last significantly: oak does not rot, it looks expensive, but it is also expensive.
Any wooden wall covering requires treatment with special compounds that protect the wood from decay, protect against fungus, mold, and insects. Lacquer or paint the facade will often have to. This will keep the building looking neat.
Siding
Modern plastic material is made byextrusion through holes of various shapes of the vinyl mixture. Now the siding is produced in two layers: it is more durable, non-flammable, well protected from water and seasonal temperature changes. The material is not subject to erosion, does not rot, does not conduct electricity, is resistant to mechanical damage, and has a long service life (50 years).
According to the type of installation, vertical and horizontal panels are distinguished. They are fastened with self-tapping screws.
In addition to vinyl, they produce metal siding. For the production of such panels, galvanized steel is used, which is wrapped on all sides with a passivated layer and painted over with protective paint.
Material selection
Before you decide and buy cladding material for the exterior walls of the house, you need to weigh the pros and cons. Consider the weight, price and quality of the material. When buying, be sure to check the integrity of the package so as not to get poor-quality trim with broken corners.
When buying a natural stone, you need to check that the stones are the right color.
Wooden lining is selected without knots and blue spots.
Siding should be uniform in color, thickness and shape.
It is advisable when buying expensive material to use the services of trusted manufacturers who have proven themselves in the market, or listen to the reviews of professional builders.
