Designing a country house requires a special approach, including the study of heating systems and other equipment. Electric boilers are one of the best options when a country house is considered as a place of permanent residence for a family. There is no way to do without effective heating. This issue must be taken seriously, because the future comfort and safety of living depends on it. Properly planned piping with rational placement of radiators will ensure uniform heating of all rooms. Let's try to figure out which heating option to choose?
General information
Electric boilers are not associated with combustion products and open fire. In the units under consideration, a different physical principle of operation is used. The design of the devices includes safety mechanisms. The main thing is that the wiring meets all the requirements and technical parameters.
During the operation of such boilers, the possibility of carbon monoxide poisoning is excluded, installation costsequipment is minimal, no additional ventilation is required. The pluses also include the absence of the need to equip a separate room. A modern electric heating boiler fits perfectly into any interior.
Features
The units under consideration have a low noise level, which is determined by the functioning of automation and other associated nodes. For the installation of equipment, special permits are not required if the power of the electric heating boiler for the house does not exceed 10 kW. As a result, the installation can be done by yourself or with the help of an experienced electrician.
According to state requirements, the commissioning of such projects by individuals on the territory of the Russian Federation does not require a permit from the technical supervision service if they are used for domestic needs, and their total capacity does not exceed 15 kW. Therefore, a regular power line connected to a residential building will be enough to connect the unit.
If you need more powerful equipment and connect a three-phase line, you will need to visit the relevant authorities to obtain permission. It is worth noting that most electric boilers can be connected to a single-phase or three-phase system. Most often, the rated power of the units is from 7 to 14 kW. The devices are as simple as possible to manage and maintain, they have informative control panels that allow you to determine all the parameters necessary for operation.
Advantage
It is worth noting that electric heating boilers fit perfectly into the design of a "smart home". This makes it possible to combine them with various units and program them for a certain mode of operation (in connection with going on vacation, changes in temperature indicators and other nuances). You can control the equipment remotely using a smartphone or tablet.
The main advantages of the equipment in question:
- Easy design and durability.
- Safety.
- Ease of installation.
- Do not require additional permits.
Cons
The use of electric heating boilers for the home has its drawbacks. Among them:
- High cost of electricity.
- The need to connect control devices.
- Rejection of the open form of the heating system as it is impractical.
- The need to select radiators taking into account the area of the room and other parameters (thermal insulation of the room and the location of the rooms).
Operation
As practice shows, electric boilers are best combined with bimetallic or aluminum radiators. Many units are finicky in terms of the chemical composition and quality of the heat carrier used.
In addition, such a system becomes completely dependent on the supply of electricity. If there are power outages in the settlement, it is hardly worth thinking aboutpurchasing such equipment. In this case, even the most modern uninterruptible power supply devices will not help. There is the possibility of arranging combined systems, including the additional possibility of heating on solid or gas fuels.
Power
This parameter is one of the fundamental points when choosing an electric heating boiler. The power rating depends on several conditions, including the desired temperature and area of the room. On average, for high-quality heating and compensation for heat losses, one kilowatt per 10 square meters of space is enough. It is also necessary to take into account the height of the ceilings, the thickness of the wall ceilings, the presence of windows and access to the balcony, the proximity to the attic or basement.
The placement of the room according to the parameters of the cardinal points plays an important role. The northern part definitely requires more heat. The method of connecting radiators is also important, taking into account the optimal combination of heating efficiency and electrical energy consumption. The methods for calculating the required power are quite complex and ambiguous. Consider one of the ways on a specific example.
Calculation
As an example, for the required power of an electric heating boiler for a house, let's take an area in which the maximum negative temperature during the cold period is from 25 to 35 degrees below zero. The house has medium insulation (brickwork without additional thermal insulation). There is an attic on top of the building.no heating.
The following are the main parameters that must be entered into the calculation table in order to optimally calculate the required indicators. Immediately, 10 percent of the power reserve should be added to the calculation, as well as the method of connection and location of radiators.
Other details:
- The value of the area of the room.
- Number of external walls.
- The location of the floors in relation to the cardinal points.
- The level of wall insulation.
- Average air temperature in the region (heating season).
- Ceiling height.
- Availability of additional and utility rooms.
- Type and condition of windows and balcony doors.
- Battery connection diagram.
Package
Heating electric boiler can be selected according to the parameters of price, method of attachment and availability of additional functions. In order for the system to work safely and reliably, the structure is equipped with a circulation pump and an expansion tank with a membrane. If the equipment is located in a separate room, these items can be purchased separately and installed next to the main heater.
If the unit is installed in the kitchen or in another “working” room, it is reasonable to buy models that combine a tank and a pump as standard. Ideally, the modification should also have a safety valve and an automatic type air vent.
Additional device features to look out for:
- Adjusting the heating power (it can be smooth orstepped).
- Equipment of an electric boiler for heating a private house with an automation system and control parts.
- Ability to set the desired temperature.
- The presence of thermostats.
Modernized modern models are equipped with modules with microprocessors that allow you to respond in a timely manner to changes in external factors, choosing the most optimal mode of operation. These readings are then entered into the device's memory.
Wall-mounted variations are usually equipped with cases with built-in control modules, they are a full-fledged electronic switched design. It should be noted that the relatively low cost of the device in question is not always the main criterion for choosing. You will need to additionally purchase a shield and a general adjustment unit, which costs no less than the heater itself.
The device of an electric boiler for heating a house for 220 V
The principle of operation of such units is similar to the operation of other heating devices powered by the mains. The basic part is to heat up a conductor with a high resistivity by passing current through it.
Most often, the main element is made of nichrome spiral wire. The base is placed in a metal insulating or ceramic tube. For the correct placement of the heating element, the inner cavity of the flask is filled with a special mineral composition, which guarantees the fixation of the conductor andmaximum heat transfer. The filler is periclase powder, which is a reliable dielectric. On all sides, the tube is equipped with a sleeve, from which the working contact is removed, as well as a terminal for connecting to the power supply.
In an electric boiler for the home there may be one or more heating elements. They are located on a special dielectric block or bar. The design itself is the main metal tank in the form of a cylinder. It aggregates with a thermally insulated housing and a pump that ensures stable circulation of the working fluid. Several heating elements can be activated simultaneously or individually. All models are equipped with a system for removing used and incoming air. Sequential activation of heating elements avoids excessive load on the network.
Electric boilers for a private house with tubular heaters are the most popular. Customer reviews confirm this fact. The configuration of these versions is quite diverse: from standard "barrels" to unique configurations with the most modern electronic control unit.
Electric boiler reviews
Among the advantages of the unit in question, users note the following advantages:
- Reliability.
- Safety.
- Easy installation and maintenance.
The disadvantages of an electric boiler include a slow set of heat, since the main part of the initial energy goes to heat the heat carrier. In addition, tubular options are demanding on the quality of the working fluid. Otherwise appearsquickly scale on the walls of the working elements, which leads to a decrease in the ability to transfer heat and reduces the working life of the parts. One of the elements to combat this drawback is the anode rod, which is mounted together with the main heating element and serves to remove excess lime and s alt deposits. Experts recommend additional use of special coolants and purified water.
Manufacturer rating
Below is an overview of electric energy saving boilers that are in great demand in the domestic market:
- EVAN EPO. The cost of the product starts from 13 thousand rubles. Among the main characteristics, one can note the connection to a voltage of 220 volts, the power indicator is 7.5 kW. Among other features: rated current - 40 A, the presence of an overheating sensor, a remote control unit, internal and external anti-corrosion coating. The mass of the device is 15 kilograms, the dimensions are 22/27/56 cm.
- "VNIETO". This copy belongs to compact modifications with a built-in control system and is designed to work on a 380 V network. The price of the unit starts from 7 thousand rubles. Main characteristics: coils made of stainless steel, two power levels (3 and 6 kW), weight - 7 kilograms, dimensions - 16/16/76 cm.
- Electric boiler "Proterm Skat". The device is a modern wall-mounted model with electronic control. The supply voltage is 220 or 380 volts, there is a built-in circulation pump and an expansion tank for10 liters. The design of the device is equipped with indicators of protection against voltage surges, an automatic diagnostic system, pump jamming. Dimensions - 31.5/41/74 cm. Weight of fixture - 37.4 kg.
- "RUSNIT 207 M". The wall-mounted electric boiler is equipped with a control unit, which is located in the lower part of the body. Power supply - 220 or 380 V, maximum power - 7 kW, a compartment for mounting a circulation pump is provided. The built-in thermostat makes it possible to adjust the temperature from 5 to 30 degrees Celsius. Overtemperature protection blocks operation at 90°C. Dimensions - 50/32/21 cm. Weight - 12 kg. Price - from 17 thousand rubles.
Induction versions
These variations of electric boilers cause certain concerns among many users. In fact, these units are quite effective, have a high working resource and do not require frequent preventive or repair intervention.
The principle of operation of these devices is a resistive effect on the heating element. In principle, this device works on the principle of a transformer. An alternating current flows through the primary winding, which is redistributed to the ferromagnetic core of a single winding. It is located behind the secondary circuit, which serves as a regulator for additional heating of the coolant. The primary coil is not involved in the main heating process, but has maximum protection against "breakdowns", which makes it almost eternal.
Nuances
If the plumbing systemSince there is a very fast heating of water, it is not necessary to use a pump with an electric heater. An important point: if the system is operated for one or two radiators, the recommendation is relevant. Otherwise, it is still recommended to mount the pumps. This will avoid energy losses and ensure high efficiency.
Among the main controversial statements is the moment that electric boilers are close to 100 percent efficiency in terms of efficiency. Despite the low inertia and the ease of fine adjustments, the equipment in question has disadvantages in terms of starting several cycles of starts and stops of the process. This factor clearly refers to the negative parameters of the device. This situation is somewhat better for models with an induction principle of operation and the presence of automatic controllers.
