When children begin to explore the concept of the solar system, realizing the fact that all the planets "circle" around the sun, this process can be difficult and overwhelming for them. However, a child can learn these principles better if you make a visual aid. Of course, it will be better and more pleasant if parents and their son or daughter make their own models of the solar system. Although many mothers and fathers do not consider it necessary and buy ready-made layouts.
Solar system: general information
Planet Earth makes one revolution every year around the center of the solar system - the Sun. All planets revolve around the "center" of the universe in a certain amount of time. For example, Mercury will "bypass" the Sun in 88 Earth days, and Uranus in 84 Earth years. In total, there are 8 planets in our system: Mercury, followed by Venus, then Earth, followed by Mars, followed by Jupiter, then Saturn, followed by Uranus, then Neptune. Each of them, together with meteors, satellites, comets, dust or gas formations, is an integral element of the solar system. The planets closest to the Sun are verysolid due to constant high temperature. As you move away from the star, the temperature gradually decreases.
Features of some planets
The smallest planet is Mercury. This galactic object is located closest to the Sun. Because of this, the atmosphere is completely scorched. Moreover, on the light side, the temperature reaches +430°, and on the dark side - -170°.
Saturn with its rings is of particular interest. This planet has a three-layer atmosphere. Saturn's rings are made up of rocks and ice. On the surface of the planet, the temperature reaches -150°.
To understand the principle of "work" of our "microgalaxy", you can make models of the solar system one of the ways. So you can decorate the interior and make an excellent visual aid.
Option 1. How to Reconstruct the Solar System
To create the solar system you will need:
- cardboard cut circle (diameter approx. 30 cm);
- scissors;
- simple pencil;
- color paper;
- line;
- adhesive tape;
- colored pencils and markers;
- compass.
Step 1. Draw two perpendicular lines in the center of the cardboard circle. The intersection of these diameters will serve as an anchor point for the Sun.
Step 2. Using a compass, a parent or child should draw 8 circles of different diameters, which will serve as orbits. It should be taken into account that 4 orbits should be closer to the Sun. Then leave a gap for the asteroids. Followed by "houses"for other planets. After drawing the orbits, you need to make holes in the cardboard with scissors. One of the holes should be in the center. The rest are random, one hole in each orbit.
Step 3. From colored paper of a suitable color, you need to cut out the planets and the Sun. On each cut out circle, you can write the names of the planets.
Step 4. Using adhesive tape, you need to attach the fishing line to the objects. The free end of the fishing line is attached with adhesive tape to the outside of a large cardboard circle. The planets are in this sequence, starting from the closest to the Sun: the first is Mercury, the second is Venus, the third is Earth, the fourth is Mars, the fifth is Jupiter, the sixth is Saturn, the seventh is Uranus, the eighth is Neptune.
Step 5. The length of the fishing line can be adjusted to your liking. After fixing the planets, you need to hang a model of the solar system, made with your own hands, using connected three pieces of fishing line of the same length with one longer segment with a ring. The model is ready.
Option 2. How to Reconstruct the Solar System
To create a 3d model of the solar system, you need to prepare the following materials:
- large foam ball;
- 9 bamboo skewers;
- 9 foam balls;
- adhesive tape;
- scissors or knife;
- ruler;
- marker;
- paints, pins, fishing line;
- paper.
Step 1. Cut strips of duct tape,sign them with the name of each of the planets and the Sun.
Step 2. Prepare 9 bamboo skewers of different lengths:
- I – 2.5 inches=6.35 cm;
- II - 4 inches=10.16 cm;
- III - 5 inches=12.7 cm;
- IV - 6 inches=15.24 cm;
- V - 7 inches=17.78 cm;
- VI - 8 inches=20.32 cm;
- VII - 10 inches=25.04 cm;
- VIII - 11.5 inches=29.21 cm;
- IX - 14 inches=25.56 cm.
Step 3. Paint the prepared foam balls with paints according to the color of the planet: the Sun (the largest ball) is yellow, the Earth is green and blue, Mars is red, etc.. Wait for the paint to dry completely.
Step 4. Stick the signed pieces of duct tape on the dried balloons.
Step 5. Attach a 2.5 inch skewer to the Sun and attach Mercury to the other end. Then the rest of the planets are fixed in the same way in the correct order.
Step 6. You can tie up the created system by attaching a pin and fishing line to the solar system model.
Well, that's it. You can create various models of the solar system from numerous materials. The main thing is to give free rein to fantasy and study literature.
Another similar model made of papier-mâché.
Several examples of self-made models of the solar system are shown in the photographs below.
These images show that one does not need to be seven spans in the forehead to make a visual, convenient and simply beautiful reconstruction of the solar system.
