Oil paint is a popular treatment for a variety of wood surfaces, giving them an aesthetic appearance and protection from damage. Thanks to them, the surfaces not only acquire the desired shade, but also become resistant to water and moisture.
Features of oil paint production
A concise description of the process looks like this:
- a small amount of pigment is diluted in the required proportion with drying oil;
- remaining mineral flour is gradually introduced into the composition of the oil paint and diluted with a binder until the desired consistency is reached;
- to improve the quality, liquid paint is passed through a special device - painter;
- in a thick composition, before starting work, add the amount of drying oil indicated on the package or beam. As a rule, this is 20-40 percent of the volume of the container.
LKM Characteristics
Binder and pigment form the base of the paint. The first is a binder called drying oil. The second is responsible for the color of the material and is produced by 85% of companieson the basis of mineral flour, not amenable to dissolution. In only an open jar, you can see the sediment that forms at the bottom. This is due to the fact that the coloring pigment is heavier than oil, therefore it sinks down. Therefore, all instructions mention that it is necessary to shake or mix the composition before painting. After that, the oil paint is ready for use.
The market is supplied with coatings in containers of 0.5-3 liters.
You can determine that the paint is not fake by the label containing the following information without fail:
- color of pigment;
- paint consumption per square meter when applied in one or more layers;
- appointment of the substance and the possibility of painting different types of surfaces;
- solvent options for oil paint.
In construction, it is not uncommon to use paintwork materials for the purpose of decorative coating of surfaces, creating a ground layer on wooden parts. Such formulations are diluted using:
- gasoline;
- solvent-naphtha;
- turpentine;
- kerosene;
- white spirit.
Component composition of oil paints
Drying oil is a brownish viscous liquid. It is produced from vegetable or synthetic oil, which determines belonging to a particular group. The most popular are oil and alkyd formulations.
Alkyd drying oil is a substance produced on the basis of resins modified with oils. Oil formulations are divided into three main groups:
- natural;
- combined;
- Olifa Oksol.
The quality of the first option, which belongs to the eco-class, is different, but the cost of such paint is prohibitively higher than other material options, therefore, such drying oil is rarely used in industrial production.
Color variations
The color variety of paints on the market surprises with variety. It can be red, yellow, brown, blue or green, and the list of pigments is endless, including matte, pearlescent and shimmer shades.
Among hundreds of colors, the buyer will definitely choose the one he needs. When mixing different tones, it is realistic to achieve a new shade of paint at home, if necessary. The choice of paint depends on the design vision and tastes of the client. It is customary to use darker tones and deep shades for exterior decoration, and light and bright ones for interior work.
Please note that after some time, oil paint fades in the sun due to its properties, losing saturation. Therefore, during external work, several layers are applied or deeper and more pronounced, pigmented tones are used so that the surface does not seem dull. The color of the paint also affects the determination of its consumption per 1 m22 area.
Marking for paint
Regardless of the manufacturer, there are product codes on the labels:
- B - can be diluted with water.
- P - powder paint.
- B - notcontains volatile substances.
- VD - water emulsion.
- OD - organic paint.
Please note that if only one substance is used as a pigment, then its name is indicated on such a jar, but the word “paint” is not written.
Some flaws in the material
Oil paint for walls as a final finish is rarely used in modern times, and the reason for this is a number of shortcomings that are important to familiarize yourself with:
- Dries for a long time. Complete drying, depending on the type of paint, occurs after at least 6 hours, and may take several days.
- In the production of modern coatings non-natural drying oils are used, as they are cheaper. As a result, caustic compounds - toxic substances - are released into the air, which makes it impossible to finish painting the interior surfaces of the house due to insecurity.
- Due to its composition, oil paint does not breathe at all, which leads to cracking of the coating.
- The yellowness acquired over time due to drying oil in the composition spoils the appearance of surfaces, modifying their shade.
- Modern alkyd coatings are more reliable, durable and flexible than oil coatings, which negatively affects the level of sales of the latter.
Cost of interior and exterior oil-based paint
Despite the shortcomings listed above, oil paint as a finishing material is popular in various fields of human activity. main reasonthis is the low cost and availability of paintwork materials, because not everyone can afford more expensive funds. The price of oil paint starts at 150 rubles for a can of 0.3 liters in Moscow.
Features of using oil paints
Average consumption rates for painting surfaces are 100-150 g/m2. This amount depends on the structure of the surface to be processed. For example, due to its roughness and characteristics, wood absorbs well any liquids that fall on it, therefore paint consumption increases. After all, sometimes you need to cover an object with several layers of paintwork.
Due to its composition, oil paint is suitable for use on almost any surface:
- plastic;
- concrete;
- metal;
- wooden.
Interior oil paint is often used for finishing, furniture design and restoration. With the help of a conventional tool, you can transform any interior, making local changes to the decoration or furniture, or redoing the whole situation.
How to properly coat the surface
Keep some things in mind when working with oil paints. Among them are some subtleties:
- Take care of the protection of glass and adjacent surfaces. When painting narrow parts and window frames, it is necessary to cover the shutters with masking tape. Oil paint is quite problematicis removed and it is difficult to achieve a perfectly clean surface. For the walls, use a piece of plywood, tin sheet or cardboard, and it is better to paste over the glass with old newspapers or unnecessary sheets of paper. In order not to worry about how to remove the paper from the surfaces, soak it in soapy water before pasting and simply attach it to the glass surface. After the paint has dried, you can remove it.
- Stained glass can be cleaned with an easy-to-make homemade product. Mix the sifted chalk with an aqueous solution of baking soda, adjust the proportions until you reach a paste-like mixture. Apply the mixture on the stained areas and leave for a while. Under the action of the composition, the paint should soften. Then it can be wiped off with a cloth or a piece of newspaper.
- Remove green paint or paintwork of any other shade, dried on the walls, is also real. Cover the painted surface with a layer of aluminum foil and iron with a hot iron. Softened paint is easily scraped off the surface with a spatula.
- Metal surfaces must first be wiped with vinegar and dried, so the paint will go better.
- Use a drill to mix the paint better. Make a hole in the lid of the jar, insert a bent rod into it, the second end of which should be fixed in the drill chuck. Turn on the unit and mix the composition for 60 seconds. This method is the safest and you don't run the risk of staining your clothes.
- White oil paint is easiest to remove from hands and other exposed areas of the bodywhen using a special solvent, but if such a tool is not available, and vegetable or animal fat comes to hand, try to use it for the intended purposes.
- It is advisable not to close the painted doors and windows until everything is completely dry. If necessary, close the door before the coating hardens, insert wrapping foil between the leaves.
- Metal surfaces look cleaner when painted with outdoor oil paint using a spray gun rather than a brush.
Now you know more about the classes and features of the use of paintwork materials. Follow the guidelines for working with paints. Choose the best option, focusing on the prices of oil paints, application features, application technology. This information will help you choose the right option based on your needs, preferences and surface finish conditions.
