Not everyone starts building a house from scratch, someone gets a dilapidated building along with the purchase of land. If you are from the category of these people, then do not rush to demolish the old house, maybe it is not so bad and will be suitable as the basis for the future building. Refurbishing an existing building is cheaper than building a new one.
Determining the state of a structure
To identify the possibility of reconstructing a wooden house with your own hands, analyze the existing dilapidated structure, or better, invite a specialist who will assess the condition of the foundation and load-bearing beams. Visually inspect the building, if it has collapsed or slanted, then there is definitely a problem with the existing foundation.
If the building is level, it is still necessary to inspect the foundation. With uneven settlement, large cracks may appear on the walls. The presence of small cracks may indicate seasonal rises and falls when the foundation is located above the depthsoil freezing. Evaluate the drainage system, check if excess moisture accumulates under the house. The most successful time of the year to assess the condition of the structure is spring, when there is a large amount of melt water on the surface of the earth.
Major reconstruction of the house
For the possibility of further repair and reconstruction of a wooden house, it is necessary to assess the condition of all elements of the building. Major reconstruction is needed in the following cases:
- the room does not hold heat well;
- there are cracks and gaps between the wooden elements;
- there was a deformation of the log house;
- rafters, crowns and other frame elements have become unusable;
- there was a need to expand the usable area of the house.
Reconstruction work of elements of a home may include replacing or strengthening load-bearing structures, adding or adding to a home. At the same time, the technical characteristics and dimensions of the building may be changed. The price of renovating an old wooden house will depend on the condition of the existing building, as well as on the global extensions.
Foundation reconstruction
If you decide to attach a second floor to an existing house, then it is imperative to reconstruct the foundation. At the same time, it is not enough to take measures to strengthen it, it is necessary to carry out a major reconstruction in order to avoid further problems.
To carry out such work, it is better to attract qualified specialists who, using special equipment, will carry out the reconstruction efficiently and quickly. Only a specialist will be able to choose the best way to organize a new foundation for a building and provide a safe way of reconstruction. The choice of a method for reconstructing the foundation of a wooden house depends on the type of existing foundation and the degree of its destruction.
A wooden structure can be raised on jacks and a complete replacement of the old foundation can be made, this method is not suitable for brick structures. The classic way to reinforce an old foundation is to organize a support around the entire perimeter.
- Pits are dug, which will partially expose the existing foundation, the depth should be 50-60 cm more than the depth of the old foundation.
- Reinforcing cages are placed in the pits.
- High-strength concrete being poured.
Work should be carried out as soon as possible, since if the old foundation is left in a bare state for a long time, deformation and collapse of the house structure can occur. Track the state of the position of the building using the level. If you want to be safe, you can organize an additional reinforcing belt around the perimeter of the entire building.
Additional insulation
If the structure is old, then you will probably have to take measures to insulate the structure. If there is a wooden house made of timber, then the first step is to treat the entire surface of the walls with an antiseptic, this will prevent the appearance of fungus and mold in places with minimal air movement. Be sure to cover the entire surface of the walls with a vapor barrier film.
Onwe mount the crate on the surface of the walls, the width of the cell depends on the size of the insulation boards. For the crate, you can use wooden boards or a metal profile. Installing insulation.
Styrofoam-based material cannot be used to insulate wooden houses, its water and vapor impermeability properties can cause moisture to accumulate on wooden elements, which in turn will lead to the formation of fungus and mold. The most convenient insulation to use is mineral wool or foam. From above we mount the second layer of vapor barrier film.
You can mount exterior trim elements on the crate. The most popular ones are:
- vinyl siding;
- metal siding;
- block house;
- lining;
- front panels.
Roof reconstruction
Renovation of the roof can be carried out for various reasons, here are some of them:
- expansion of under-roof space;
- change of number of storeys of the building;
- converting an attic to an attic;
- organization of the extension;
- device of skylights;
- balcony installation;
- restoration of emergency roof.
When the roof is completely reconstructed, it is necessary to completely dismantle all roof elements and install a new rafter system. The most common option for reconstructing the roof of an old house is the organizationattic floor. This allows you to increase the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe house at minimal cost.
Change window arrangement
When building an extension to a house, it may be necessary to organize new window openings. In this case, you will have to cut an opening for a window in the wall of the house.
The installation of a new window opening in a wooden house is divided into several stages:
- Remove the panels from the inside of the house and remove the insulation.
- Outline the contours of the opening, saw through them with a power tool.
- Install the window frame in the opening, fix it with nails or screws.
- Insert the frame, adjust the sashes.
- From the inside, frame the frame with a plinth to hide the joint between the wall and the frame, and also create an obstacle for the mounting foam.
- Outside, fill all gaps with mounting foam.
- After the foam is completely dry, level the foamed surface with a clerical knife.
- Install the platbands, treat them with facade paint.
Facade update
To improve the appearance of an old house, it is enough to cover the area with modern material, and the nondescript building will be transformed beyond recognition. If the house is wooden, then it is better to use a crate with suspended facade cladding materials, these can be all kinds of panels that are attached to the elements of the crate. This option not only looks pretty, but also performs a protective function.
For buildings,erected from bricks or various types of blocks, facade plaster can be used. The coating mixture must be cement-based, and the plastering process must be carried out in compliance with all standards. A rough layer of plaster is applied to level the surface and fill cracks and depressions. A solution of rough plaster can be a large fraction.
The final layer of plaster is applied only when the rough plaster is completely dry, and the surface is treated with a building primer. For plastering a brick wall, it is necessary to apply a reinforcing mesh. The mixture for the finish coat should be finely dispersed, only in this case a smooth and even coating will be obtained. To paint the walls, it is necessary to choose paints with a high level of wear resistance and protection from temperature extremes and atmospheric influences.
Building a veranda
Veranda is a light building designed for summer use. The project for the reconstruction of a wooden house in the form of a light extension will not cause problems in the construction. Any shallow-depth type can be used as a foundation; foundation blocks will be the most convenient. They are installed on a pillow consisting of crushed stone and compacted sand.
For the construction of the frame of the veranda, use a 15 x 15 cm timber and a 5 x 15 cm board. The board will be needed for laying the rafters of the shed roof of the veranda
Before laying the strapping beam, the surface of the foundation blocks is coveredwaterproofing material, roofing material can be used for this purpose. A frame rack is installed along the perimeter, they must rest on the foundation blocks. Racks are covered with a beam of the upper trim. Check the correctness and evenness of the installation with a level. We install the beam "run", we attach the rafters to it. The frame is ready for sheathing.
OSB sheets, lining, block house can be used as sheathing material. The price for the reconstruction of a wooden house with the construction of a veranda will cost 4000-5000 rubles per square meter on the floor. With independent construction, costs will be reduced several times.
If you want to insulate the veranda, then a heater will need to be placed in the space between the inner and outer skin. If desired, you can divide the veranda into two parts, one of which will play the role of a terrace.
Second floor superstructure
One of the projects for the reconstruction of old wooden houses is the transformation of a one-story building into a two- and three-story building. A thorough load analysis must be carried out before planning for an increase in area by adding a storey. The existing foundation will need to be strengthened or a new one organized, if possible. If this is not taken care of, the consequences can be catastrophic. If the foundation has a sufficient level of strength, then we begin to dismantle the roof: remove the roof, truss frame and beams.
Determine how to build the second floor. There are two options for the second floor: attic, full. Completethe second floor will not have restrictions on the height of the ceiling, and the attic will allow you to save money.
The easiest way is to make an extension using the technology of frame-panel construction. The construction of the extension can be carried out even by two people, while the speed of construction is high, the room will be warm and light.
The floor surface of the second floor is covered with OSB sheets with preliminary insulation, walls are mounted from a 5 x 15 cm board. Inside and outside the walls are sheathed with the same OSB sheets, the space between them is filled with insulation. Roof installation is carried out according to the same principle. The final stage will be the facade decoration.
In closing
In the process of reconstruction, a dilapidated building can gain new life and serve for many more years with proper care and timely repairs. The main thing is to follow all the rules and recommendations of specialists during construction.
