Ventilation of basements is a very important and useful engineering system. If the air flow is insufficient, then there will be increased humidity in the basements, which is fraught with the appearance of fungus, mold and other unpleasant consequences. And no one really needs this.
In general, the basement ventilation scheme should be thought out at the design stage. During this period, it is necessary to determine the location of the elements of the system and the diameter of the pipes. At the same time, the main rule in the design is that the air exchange per hour in a ventilated room should not be less than the volume of the room itself.
Ventilation of the basement in the house can be designed and made by hand. In this process, there are no specific features that would be difficult to understand. But it is better to have minimal knowledge. And the most important issue in this case is the choice of the type of ventilation. natural or forced. The basic principles of their arrangement are similar, but there are some nuances.
Natural ventilation of basements
The operation of this technology is based on the temperature difference inside andoutside the room, i.e. it works similarly to the chimney system in furnaces. To equip it, you just need to lay two pipes:
- Supply. This pipe is laid in such a way that one of its ends is located at a height of 0.5 meters above the level of the basement floor, and the other end passes through the ceiling and exits the building wall at a height of 1 meter.
- Exhaust. This pipe is equipped in the opposite corner of the basement. Its lower part should be located 1.5 meters above the basement floor, and the other end should be located 0.5 meters above the ridge of the building.
In principle, there is nothing complicated in the independent arrangement of such ventilation. The greater the temperature difference, the higher the airflow will flow. But there is one important condition for high-quality ventilation. This is the pipe diameter. If it is too small, then the airflow will not be able to remove all the moisture. To determine the required diameter, it is necessary to calculate the floor area. Typically, the diameter of the pipe is chosen based on the fact that for 1 square meter of floor a pipe with a cross section of 26 square centimeters is required. For example, a basement with a floor area of 8 square meters would require a pipe with a diameter of 16 centimeters.
Natural ventilation of basements could be improved. To do this, you need to create additional traction. Make it simple. All you need to do is lay a ventilation pipe next to the chimney.
Condensation may form on the pipes. To prevent this from happening, they should be insulated. For suchpurposes, any heater will do. Most often, rolled thermal insulation materials are used. They wrap the pipe and put on a protective layer on top.
And last. Valves should be installed on pipes. This is necessary in order to control the air flow, as well as be able to shut down the entire system for the winter.
Forced ventilation of basements
If natural draft does not cope with the assigned tasks, then fans can be used to achieve their goals. Usually one is installed for blowing, the other for blowing. In this case, the diameter of the pipeline should not correspond to the proportion that is necessary for natural ventilation. Fans will be responsible for high-quality blowing. But this technique has a significant disadvantage - such a system is volatile, i.e., the fans require electricity to operate.
