When designing the lighting of the streets of modern megacities, experts are trying to create a single architectural and light space. Of course, in order to achieve this goal and make city avenues and squares beautiful in the evening, you need to use special equipment. There are several types of modern street lighting lamps. Such designs differ in the type of lamps, configuration, service life, etc. Equipment of this type can be mounted on concrete, wooden, metal, etc. supports.
Street Lighting Console Lights
Most often, these lanterns are used to illuminate the streets in our time. They are called cantilever by the way they are attached to the supports. Lamps of this type are usually hung on street poles. At the same time, they are attached to the supports through a console or bracket.
The convenience of using such lamps lies primarily in the fact that they can be mounted in almost any necessary places in the city. For their installation, only the presence of supports is necessary.in the form of pillars. By means of the console, it is easy to adjust the angle of the position of such lamps for optimal illumination of the space.
Main varieties
In modern cities, street lighting can be installed on the streets of the following varieties:
- DKU - with LED lamps;
-
ZhKU - with sodium lamps;
- RKU - with mercury;
- GKU - designed to illuminate roads and pedestrian crossings;
- SKU models.
All these varieties are not only efficient, but also durable. Mercury cantilever street lighting fixtures with DRL, for example, although somewhat outdated, can serve up to 100,000 hours without replacement on poles.
Notation
Of course, all console lamps used for street lighting in cities are marked accordingly. By the letters in brackets on the packaging of such equipment, the consumer can easily determine its type. The designations in the marking of console luminaires can be used as follows:
- U is a device designed for outdoor installation.
- K - console type of lamp.
- W - sodium lamp model.
- G - metal halide lamp.
- P - mercury lamp.
- D - LED lamp.
On what grounds can they still differ
Lamps in cantilever street lighting fixtures, thus, LED, sodium, mercury, halogen can be used. Also, equipment of this type differs in design features:
- In terms of protection from moisture and dirt. In the marking, these parameters are indicated by a two-digit number. The first digit in it reflects the degree of protection from moisture, the second - from dust.
- Hull Strength. Of course, this figure should be as high as possible for outdoor-mounted console luminaires.
- Degrees of corrosion resistance. Street console lamps, of course, should not rust.
Besides this, console lights may have different:
- dimensions;
- optical properties;
- power.
The body of these lamps is usually made of aluminum. This material is lightweight and does not rust even with prolonged exposure to moisture. A reflector and the lamp itself are inserted inside the body of the console lamp. These structural elements are covered with glass that is resistant to haze and cracking.
Height of supports
When installing the lamps, of course, among other things, the rules of electrical safety are taken into account. The standard height of street lighting poles can be 9.5-16.5 m. When mounting lamps on such poles, the possibility of contact with the wires of passers-by andvehicles passing down the street.
Where can be installed
Cantilever luminaires are mainly used to illuminate pedestrian paths and highways in cities. Also, these models can be mounted:
- at railroad crossings;
- gas station;
- in the squares;
- in the parks.
Also very often, such lamps are installed in warehouses of large enterprises and production sites.
Benefits of console lights
The advantages of modern equipment of this type include, first of all, the fact that it does not use incandescent lamps. That is, console street lighting fixtures are very economical in terms of electricity consumption. Also, the advantage of such models is, of course, their durability. LED console lights, for example, last even longer than mercury ones. When used outdoors, they can be left unchanged for 25 years.
The advantages of this type of equipment also include:
- resistance to moisture and temperature changes;
- resistance to even strong vibration on busy highways;
- easy maintenance and lamp replacement;
- protective glass resistant to UV radiation (retains transparency for a long time).
The disadvantage of such equipment is only one. There are modern console lamps,designed for road lighting, quite expensive. In addition, before their installation, if it is necessary to illuminate the space, it is necessary to install supports. And this, of course, also leads to additional costs.
What types of supports can be used
Posts for console lamps on the streets can be installed in different types. Such supports are classified by:
- constructions;
- material;
- height;
- installation method;
- cabling method.
Types by design
On this basis, supports for console lamps are cylindrical and faceted. The second type of pillars is also called conical. Such supports have a wide base and a narrow top. The first type of pillars is distinguished by a round section. Such supports are an ordinary long cylinder. There are also poles and square sections.
Classification by material of manufacture
Poles from:
- wood;
- reinforced concrete;
- metal;
- composite materials.
The main advantages of wooden poles are their environmental friendliness, ease of manufacture and low cost. The main disadvantage of such supports is, of course, their fragility. Wooden poles exposed to moisture and other adverse factorsenvironment very quickly begin to rot. In addition, such a support can easily burn out or be damaged by rodents.
Reinforced concrete poles, unlike wooden ones, can last a very long time. In addition, such structures are characterized by a high degree of strength. Reinforced concrete is only slightly more expensive than wood. Therefore, it is these poles that are currently the most common type of support for console lamps.
Metal structures are made from high-strength steel sheets. Such supports for cantilever street lighting are more expensive than concrete ones, but at the same time, in comparison with them, they have a number of advantages. The pillars of this variety are light in weight, and therefore they are very easy to install. At the same time, such structures look more aesthetically pleasing than concrete ones. And of course, this type of pole does not burn or rot like wood.
Composite poles are by far the most technologically advanced. Such supports are made of a special material obtained by mixing several components. Poles of this variety are distinguished by a high degree of strength, weigh very little, and are easy to transport and assemble.
Classification by purpose
In this regard, power and non-power pillars are distinguished. The first type of supports is used to illuminate neighborhoods, sites, streets. The power cable can be connected to them both by air and by land. To this groupinclude, for example, pillars OS, SF, SFG.
Non-power bearings are most often used for lighting bridges, parks, parking lots. Their distinguishing feature is that they often have small advertising structures installed on them. Street lighting on poles of this type is usually powered by cables carried through the air. On the ground, wiring to such supports is not pulled.
In large cities, special design poles equipped with solar panels can also be installed nowadays. Such lights, of course, can be attributed to the most economical at the moment.
Classification by installation method
In this regard, there are types of street lighting poles flanged and straight. The first type of pillars during installation is mounted on a concrete base. In this case, massive bolts are used as the main fasteners. The advantage of this type of support is the ease of replacement. To remove the old post and install a new one, in this case, you only need to unscrew the bolts.
Pillars are driven into the ground to a certain depth. Pit pits for such supports are dug with a drill. Next, a post is placed in the pit and poured with concrete.
