What is a lintel in construction? Definition: this is a structure that partitions, or rather, is located horizontally and takes on pressure coming from above from a wall or floor slabs. Such structures are used in the production of monolithic structures, reinforced concrete buildings, brick structures, as well as structures made of stone or natural materials. These reinforced concrete auxiliaries equip openings above windows and doors. Create floors using structures that take on the load.
Types of jumpers
- Monolithic.
- Team.
The first ones are produced at the construction site. After the formwork is installed, the reinforcing mesh is fixed, which is subsequently filled with cement concrete mortar. Prefabricated parts are made at the factory and then delivered in the required quantity to construction sites by specialized vehicles.
Jumper classification
There are jumpers:
Squared type. Width up to250 millimeters. Has a PB marking
Slab. Width over 250 mm. Has a PP marking
Beam. It is used when supporting or adjoining parts of the floor slab. Has a GHG marking
Facade. What is a facade lintel? This is a product that is used to block the opening. The thickness of the wall in the window or door opening that protrudes will be from 250 millimeters or more. It is marked PF
Production
What is a jumper? This is a product made of reinforced concrete, in the production of which heavy concrete and reinforcing cages are used. The type of cement concrete mixture and the type of reinforcing cage is selected based on the necessary strength requirements for the future reinforced concrete product. Also jumpers are made of cellular concrete. They are characterized by low specific gravity, low thermal conductivity, which allows you not to worry about further insulation.
They are available with two types of reinforcement:
- of stressed reinforcement;
- of non-stressed reinforcement;
It is treated against external factors that can aggressively affect the reinforcing cage, such as corrosion. Reinforced concrete products differ in shape, finishing technology and load bearing capacity.
Using lightweight jumpers
What is an aerated concrete lintel? This is a product that, despite its low specific weight, withstands the necessary compressive and fracture loads. This is provided by reinforcementthe quality of aggregates and the clarity of the technology followed. The filler perceives compressive loads, and the reinforcement tensile. Aerated concrete products are used in the construction of structures up to five floors high, because they do not have the strength inherent in reinforced concrete products.
Marking
What is a jumper? This is a product that is marked with letters and numbers, for example, 3PB-33.16-3p. The numbers in the marking indicate the size of the cross sections (length, width, height) and an indicator that characterizes the calculated load for structural elements. The letters indicate its type, and the final letter "P" (if any) indicates the presence of lifting loops.
Transportation and storage
What are lintels in construction? These are auxiliary products that are easily transported horizontally in specialized vehicles. When loading, they are stacked tightly to each other, while using gaskets. Before completing the bottom row of jumpers, linings are placed perpendicularly down. Usually made of wood, because they are more than other materials capable of distributing the voltage received by the jumpers. At the end of the laying of the jumpers, they are fixed in the transported vehicle, bursting against the edges, if they were not laid in forms specially made for them. When loading and unloading the jumpers, load-handling mechanisms and lifting equipment are used. Jumpers are unloaded in blocks.
