Reinforced concrete products (RC) are high-strength materials widely used in both industrial and domestic construction for the construction of various structures.
Reinforced concrete products are produced by pouring concrete mixture into reusable molds, and their high performance is achieved by using steel reinforcement in the production. Concrete concrete products are transported to the construction site already in finished condition.
Types of reinforced concrete products
Not everyone knows what concrete concrete products are. They differ in purpose, functional characteristics and technical properties. They can be produced different in density, the number of mixtures used (lime, Portland cement, etc.) and layers, usually reinforced and tensioned, prefabricated, solid and combined.
The most common and in demand in our time are reinforced concrete slabs (road and floor slabs), wall panels, reinforced concrete rings, piles and foundation blocks.
Paving slabs
Have a flat rectangular shape and consist of reinforced concrete. Used in the construction of airfield, permanent and temporary roads, as well as the basis for asph alt.
Each ofvarieties of these plates has its own technical characteristics.
Floor slabs
What is concrete goods, not everyone knows. This is a structural element that divides buildings and other construction objects into separate floors. They are almost always made of reinforced concrete.
Find their application mainly in the construction of low buildings and facilities. There are several types of floor slabs.
Monolithic
You cannot find them for sale, as they are produced at the construction site: formwork is placed, a reinforcing mesh is knitted inside the prepared area and concrete mixture is poured.
The advantages of these floor slabs are increased bearing capacity and the ability to mount products of any shape.
Disadvantages: the complexity of execution at altitude. A lot of time is spent on preparing and carrying out work, besides, in the cold season, concrete dries for a long time.
Multi-hollow
The most popular type of floor slabs, used in all areas of construction and for the protection of heating mains.
They are 0.6-2.4m wide and 2.4-6.6m long. For long spans, 12 m long slabs are made to order, but they are used only with additional supports.
Benefits:
- Communications (sewer pipes, cables, etc.) can be placed in voids.
- Concrete savings, and therefore low cost.
- Increased noise isolation.
Hollow-core floor slabs areseveral varieties.
PC - made of stressed reinforcement, metal frame and cement. They have mounting rings to simplify installation during the assembly of reinforced concrete structures. Standard height - 22 cm. Used in the usual construction of high-rise buildings.
PB (formworkless) are used in the construction of low-rise buildings and structures. Mounting rings are missing. The standard height of a reinforced concrete slab is 22 cm. Such ceilings can be cut at an angle of 45⁰, because stressed reinforcement is present only in the longitudinal arrangement of the slab. This is an indisputable plus in the construction of complex non-standard objects.
NPO are lightweight floor slabs. The standard plate height is 16 cm, and they are 6 cm narrower than PC and PB.
Solid floor slab constructions
Beamless have a flat surface, mounted on walls and columns. Recommended for floors in residential construction.
Ribbed floor slabs (U-shaped) are crossed beams filled with concrete, Used only in areas with low seismic activity, in a climate with a temperature not lower than -40⁰ C. Used for the construction of production facilities and retail space.
Caissons are similar to ribbed floor slabs, but a thinner layer of concrete mixture is poured between the beams. Used for the construction of industrial facilities.
Wall panels (SP)
This is a kind of reinforced concrete products that is used for mounting interior and exterior walls. Their width is 3000-7200 mm, thickness 200-350 mm for external joint ventures and30-160mm for indoor JV, and the height is one floor.
Reinforced concrete exterior wall panels are single-layer and layered (concrete layer + thermal insulation). The outdoor side of the panels is covered with decorative weather-resistant mortars or elements. The inner surface is leveled with plaster.
Pros of using JV:
- easy installation;
- construction speed;
- versatility;
- moisture resistance;
- lightness of finished construction.
Cons of using JV:
- poor sound insulation;
- impossibility of early detection and elimination of wear defects.
Reinforced concrete rings (RC)
This is a ready-made building material made from a mixture of concrete, crushed stone, sand, using metal reinforcement. Rings are used during the installation of inspection water and other wells, the installation of gas pipeline networks, under sewer and drainage systems, for drinking tanks.
ZHBK dimensions:
- KC-10: inner diameter 1000mm, height 900mm.
- KC-20: inner diameter 2000mm, height 900mm.
ZHBK are of 3 types:
- with locking ring mechanism;
- straight (no lock);
- filtration (with holes over the entire area of the ring);
- bottom rings.
During installation, adjusting rings of various sizes, additional rings of various heights, as well as overlaps are used.
Reinforced concrete piles
Give the opportunity to attach tosolid soil when forming the foundation, increase the strength of the structure. There are several types of piles:
- Piles with a solid square section and a frame made of reinforcement with a diameter of 12 mm. The top of the piles is made up of 5 layers of reinforcement mesh for strength during driving.
- Piles of square section with a round cavity.
- Piles with circular section.
Foundation blocks
Installed in a dug pit to organize the foundation. Mounted on cement mortar in one or more rows apart.
Pros and cons of using
What is reinforced concrete, of course. Their virtues:
- improving structural strength;
- good resistance;
- durability;
- reliability;
- fire resistance;
- building objects of any shape;
- value for money.
Flaws:
- use of panel carriers during delivery and other special equipment during the installation of reinforced concrete products;
- difficulty storing concrete products (on ventilated podiums);
- dependence of work on the temperature regime (especially when pouring monolithic floor slabs);
- Skilled workers needed.
Nowadays, reinforced concrete products are actively and widely used in construction, both in the construction of skyscrapers and in the construction of a country house. Reinforced concrete has become one of the main building materials.
But it must be remembered that only compliance with the production technology of reinforced concrete products can guarantee the quality of boththe material itself, and the reliability of the building being erected. In case of doubt, you can always consult a specialist. He will be able to explain the technical aspects of the work and what concrete concrete products are.
