Heating equipment that converts electrical energy into heat is produced today by different companies. But if you want to save on the purchase, then you can make such a device yourself. For housing outside the city, such a device is the best fit, in addition, its design will not be complicated.
Heater manufacturing
Homemade electric boilers are composed of an iron pipe, coolant pipes, metal side plugs, connecting terminals, as well as paronite or rubber gaskets. If you have the skills to work with a welding machine and the appropriate equipment, then the design can be changed by welding circles of metal instead of plugs.
Sometimes the water heater has a coolant outlet at the top, in which case the pipe will replace the plugs. During manufacture, the inner electrode must be isolated from the body using fluoroplastic bushings. Can be done on your ownfiberglass plugs.
Homemade electric boilers are good because the master will have room to modernize and improve the design using improvised materials. However, you should not get carried away and make a unit from different metals, because they can form a galvanic pair, in which case scale will grow on one electrode.
Assembling
Once you understand what materials to use to make the boiler, you can begin to prepare the parts. To do this, markup should be carried out by cutting off the pipes that will form the basis of the nozzles and the body. In them, using an angle grinder, it is necessary to make a selection in the form of a sphere to fit the cylindrical surface of the body. In the latter, it is required to make holes in the places where the nozzles are installed.
Threads can be cut with a tap or pipe thread die. If you do not have such devices, we recommend contacting a turner. At this specialist, you can prepare a fluoroplastic sleeve, plugs and an internal electrode. Finished pipes and terminals are welded to the body for connecting wires.
The electrode must be fixed in the plug, it must be installed in the electrode boiler. The plugs screw on and tighten well. Homemade electric boilers at the last stage are usually painted with enamel. However, you need to choose one that is resistant to temperatures up to 120 ° C.
Final stage
Homemade electric boilers after assembly should be checked for the permeability of welds. The unit is filled with water, but this will not be enough, because the operating pressure in the system sometimes reaches 2 bar, while the emergency pressure is 3 bar at all.
The seams are cleaned of slag, and then covered with soapy foam. Then, inside the housing, excess pressure should be created using a compressor. If the body has poorly welded seams, then bubbles will appear in these places. After completing the check, home-made electric boilers can be placed in the furnace and connected to the system.
Putting equipment into operation
Before starting the boiler, you must connect the power and ground wires, fill the system with water and set up the equipment. It must be brought to operating power by adjusting the composition of the coolant. For this, tap water is sometimes used, but it has some harmful inclusions that contribute to the formation of scale on the walls of the electrodes. The most suitable option is to initially fill the system with distilled water. If there is none, you can use tap water or rainwater.
Preparation of materials and instruments for tuning
Homemade electric heating boilers must be configured, but representative materials and appliances need to be prepared. Among them:
- soda;
- capacity forstirring;
- ammeter;
- syringe;
- current clamps.
Due to the fact that the described equipment is manufactured independently, you can take into account the approximate power of 4 kW, while the current in the circuit will be 4000 W / 220 V=18 A. An ammeter should be connected to the power wires, then the equipment is connected to the network for heating the coolant in the system. At the same time, a soda solution should be prepared in the container using a ratio of 1 to 10.
This composition is recommended to be added to the system through an open expansion tank or other place using a syringe. As soon as the connection is made, the first readings of the ammeter will be less than 18 A.
In the coolant in small portions, you must begin to add a solution of soda. The system must be well warmed up. If you used distilled water, then this process will take quite a long time, so it is recommended to be patient.
As soon as the mark on the device is between 16 and 17, topping up must be stopped, otherwise an excessively high concentration may be caused, which will cause boiling and steam emission. The plastic pipes will eventually burst.
Preparation for making an electric ion boiler
A self-made electric boiler for heating can be ionic, for it you should prepare not only a welding machine and electrodes, but also:
- iron tee;
- zerowire;
- ground terminals;
- insulation for terminals;
- polyamide electrode insulation;
- clutch;
- steel pipe of appropriate dimensions.
Assembling
For such a boiler, grounding is required, but the zero cable must be fed to the outer pipe. It is important to remember that the phase must be applied to the electrodes. The pre-prepared pipe, which is 25 cm long and 8 to 10 cm in diameter, must be used first.
Electrodes are located on one side, a coupling is installed on the other to connect to the main. To install the electrodes, it is necessary to use a tee, which will ensure the inlet and outlet of the coolant. An insulator should be placed near the electrode, which will perform another function - to seal the boiler.
The insulator must use heat-resistant plastic. For the device, not only tightness is important, but also the possibility of a threaded connection between the tee and the electrode. A large bolt should be welded to the body, to which the neutral cable and ground terminals are fixed.
If you want to increase reliability, you can also fix the second bolt using the same technology as in the case of the first. As soon as the connection to the heating system is made using a coupling, it is necessary to hide the equipment with a decorative coating. It is used not only for aesthetics, but also for safety, namely protection.person from electric shock. Do not neglect this step, it is important to restrict access to the generator.
Installation
When a home-made electric boiler is made with your own hands, you can proceed with the installation work, for this you should install air vents, a fuse and a pressure gauge. Shut-off valves must be installed after the expansion tank. The boiler should be placed vertically, due to the peculiarities of its operation. Fasteners must be installed so that they are removed from each other.
The heating system must be flushed before installing the unit. For this, pure water is used, which is diluted with a special agent. When operating a contaminated coolant or with poor-quality flushing of the line, there is a possibility of a decrease in the performance of the ion boiler.
When a homemade electric boiler is installed at home, grounding can be done using a copper cable with a diameter of 4 mm or more. Its resistance should be 4 ohms or less. The cable should be connected to the zero terminal, which is located at the bottom of the device case. It is important to select radiators, taking into account the volume of the system. The most suitable option would be 1 kW of power per 8 liters of total volume. If this indicator is exceeded, a home-made electric boiler for heating the house will work longer than required. This will cause higher energy costs.
Conclusion
When equipping the heating system, it is recommended to choose bimetallic alloys or aluminum radiators. Usageother materials is unacceptable, since they contain many impurities that can adversely affect the electrical conductivity of the working fluid. When installing an open system, the radiators used must have a polymer coating on the inner walls, which will exclude oxygen and prevent corrosion.
A closed-type system has no such disadvantages. A home-made electric boiler made from a pipe will not be able to work in conjunction with cast-iron radiators, because they contain impurities that can reduce the performance of such equipment. Among other things, such devices have a large volume, which leads to an increase in power consumption.
