Electrical connectors are contact elements that can be easily disconnected or connected to each other without special actions. They can be single-phase and three-phase type. The limit of using the latter is 380 volts, while single-phase ones can be used at a voltage of no more than 250 volts. The power outlet is the most popular example of this device.
What you need to know
A good plug connector should have a housing made of durable, flame retardant plastic with insulating and shockproof characteristics. Initially, a structure should be formed that protects against accidental ingress of dust, oils, water and has anti-corrosion properties, which can be used in a wide temperature range and with high humidity.
The plug connector usually has a flexible round brace to hold the live cable wire. Used for the production of terminals tin-plated robustcopper for optimum connection and electrical performance. The location of the elements contained inside complies with the established standard. Misconnection is eliminated by using different colors for different voltages.
Special electrical connectors, conceived referred to as "mother" - "father", have become widespread in temporary wiring. It should be noted that their use is not limited to one temporary type. They are indispensable in everyday life when connecting household appliances with high power, as well as in production for industrial mechanisms.
Differences between devices
The power outlet is primarily divided according to the operating voltage rating. Today, for single-phase networks, three-pin connectors are made (grounding, phase and zero), four-pin (3 pins and zero) and five-pin (grounding additional contact, 3 phase, 1 zero) for three-phase networks. According to the execution are stationary and portable. In addition, electrical connectors have varying degrees of protection.
There are options designed for installation above skirting boards, which are secured with a swivel washer. So, the plug can be connected only after it is turned to the set angle. The functionality of the branch box is carried by the lower part of the device. Specialized sockets for the electrical baseboard are used, they have flat contacts and allow you to connect two plugs at the same time.
It is worth noting that some plug connectors have a design that differs from the Russian plug connector. Operation requires the purchase of adapters if they were not supplied.
Connection details
Connecting elements is similar to the standard connection of household plugs and sockets, so it will not cause difficulties even for an inexperienced master. The power is transferred to the cable connectors and is removed from the plug when switching to an electrical load. The wiring is connected to the contacts using clamps on screw-type terminals.
Power connectors are mainly suitable for electrical cables with flexible wiring. They consist of a stranded conductor and are the best option for temporary use, as well as a power cable located on a vibrating or moving mechanism. Connector terminals with stranded wires require maintenance to make good contact. Tips can be used instead of tinning.
Electrical connectors have a technically important characteristic (of course, subject to good performance), which is the rated current passing through them without heating the contacts. The magnitude of the current depends on the cross section of the current-carrying element and the total surface of the connection of the contacts.
Design
Technologies, materials and designs of various types are used for the production of sockets, fromwhich depend on the main characteristics, such as appearance, durability, reliability. Basically, all options look the same, but there is a significant discrepancy in technical features. A budget plug connector is made from not the best materials and is distinguished by a primitive device. This subsequently leads to a short period of operation and a possible safety hazard.
You should not choose economical options with tin power contacts and poor-quality plastic housing. It is preferable to use non-combustible materials or ceramics for the outer part with tight electrical contacts that have crimping elements and the ability to tighten the contacts.
Main species
Power sockets are divided according to the method of execution and purpose into the following types:
- With built-in RCD - useful in a fire hazardous room.
- Having a timer - according to its signal, an independent disconnection or connection occurs in them.
- With a built-in ejector - this device is triggered after pressing a certain button.
- With protective shutters - there are plastic pads on the contact holes, to use the socket they need to be moved with the pins of the plug.
- A plug connector with grounding, that is, with grounding contacts or a specialized plug. His device provides initial contact with him, not contacts.
- Sockets without grounding are used in connecting household appliances that do not haveground contact.
In addition, there are differences in the period of use, protection against water and small particles, the size of the inlet.
Installation
The power socket can be installed as closed or open type. The last option is to attach to the walls themselves and has become most widespread in the open version of the wiring. Closed sockets are mounted in specialized recesses and are necessary for electrical networks with hidden wires.
The case of the device has not only a decorative, but also a protective characteristic - it blocks access to live elements, which is especially important in the presence of small children.
What to consider when choosing
When choosing a plug connector, the average price of which is about 800 rubles, you should remember the following points:
- device location;
- presence of a ground loop;
- Rated operating data of the connector (current type and magnitude);
- a quality device cannot be too cheap;
- type of wiring (hidden or external).
