In many offices, factories, restaurants or other public places, you can find a smoke valve. It is designed to quickly extinguish a fire, has an increased fire resistance and is installed in exhaust shafts. This article will briefly describe its design, device and application. Also, it will not do without mentioning the main malfunctions of the presented device.
DVS valve
The DVS class fire smoke damper is used to quickly remove combustible products from the room. Such valves are installed only in smoke shafts. In the standard state, the damper blade type (W) is in the lower position and does not allow air to be distributed throughout the system. If a fire breaks out in a room, the damper located in the center of the hearth opens and, with the help of air draft, removes all the smoke, thereby preventing fires in other rooms. The fire resistance limit of smoke valves is up to 180 degrees. Thisthe indicator helps to calculate the time at which the valve loses its tightness. The appearance of the valve depends not only on the place where it will be installed, but also on the conditions of its installation. Such valves can have several types:
- Spring drive equipped with electromagnetic base.
- Electromechanical actuators with no spring.
Installation
Installation of the smoke valve is not carried out on air ducts and in rooms that are in the category "A" and "B" for fire safety. Also, they are not intended for standard system hoods, where various flammable substances are removed.
Smoke dampers are only installed in systems where regular cleaning of combustible and lubricating deposits is used. Installation of this device is carried out only if all the conditions of "BOS" (safety of construction sites) are met. The fire resistance of the smoke damper web must correspond to the fire resistance of the entire structure on which it is installed. At the initial stage of installation, it is imperative to fix the valve body (preferably with any wooden product). This is necessary in order to prevent distortion of the structure and violation of the initial position of the body, which can lead to the slamming of the leaf, and as a result, the functionality of the valve will be greatly impaired. After the device is fully installed in the fire wall, the spacers can be removed. And only after the valve is grounded and the electricalmagnet, you can test.
Design
Galvanized steel is used to make the case. To the valve, depending on its type, a wall or channel mechanism is used, which is equipped with two flanges. There are also two types of controls:
- Electromagnetic. With this control, the valve goes into open mode only when the voltage interacts with the electromagnet. And only after that the switch throws the circuit and disconnects the electromagnet from the network. The duration of the electromagnet is less than 12 seconds. To set the security mode, you need to manually change the position of the fork. For the next test of the unit, there is a display with a button on the valve.
- Belimo electric drive. The dampers in this case operate automatically with a constant voltage supply to the electric drive. When the fire alarm is activated, the smoke valve drive is completely de-energized and the spring returns the valve to the open position. A special contact group has been made for the electric drive, which quickly responds to its position. In addition to automatic control, you can also use the manual method, fixing the valve itself in the appropriate position. To do this, stock up on a hex key.
Valve failure
Each engine has water-repellent caps. They help seal the joint and guide not only the bushings, but also the smoke valve itself. This device contains seals. It is they who must hermeticallyhold the rod and hatch the smoke valve. Over time, the edge wears off and the rubber around it becomes less elastic. Then there might be smoke. In this case, it is necessary to replace not only the smoke valve hatch, but also the entire structure that is in it.
