Modern buildings, both industrial and residential, often have very complex infrastructures and are designed with maximum energy efficiency in mind. Therefore, it is impossible to do without the installation of ventilation systems, and in most cases, air conditioning. Installation of climatic equipment of any type must be carried out with the obligatory observance of certain rules.
Types of ventilation systems
There are several types of such equipment designed for use in certain types of buildings. Ventilation systems (which are installed according to technology depending on the variety) can be classified:
- As intended. In this case, supply, exhaust and supply and exhaust ventilation are distinguished. The first two varieties are usually mounted in residential premises. The third is in production. Sometimes the supply and exhaust system is also installed in large residential buildings, for example, in multi-storey cottages.
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According to the way air moves. In this regard, ventilation can be natural or forced. The first variety is considered obsolete and is rarely used today. Most often, it can be seen in old-style city apartments (exhaust risers), in cellars or sheds of household owners.
- By design. On this basis, ventilation is divided into monoblock and type-setting. The first variety is a single soundproof box. Stacked ventilation is a very complex structure, consisting of many elements: a fan, silencer, filters, etc.
- According to the service area. In this case, ventilation is divided into general and local. The first type is designed to serve the entire working area. Local ventilation is used to normalize air exchange in any one part of the room.
Who manufactures ventilation systems
The production of such equipment is carried out by companies specializing in the production of household appliances or the actual climate systems. When choosing ventilation, you should also pay attention to its manufacturer. Unknown brand equipment purchased from a small supplier may not work properly afterwards.
Manufacture and installation of ventilation systems usually produce the samecompany. Therefore, business leaders and owners of residential buildings have the opportunity to order the installation of this equipment from scratch, which is certainly very convenient.
Drafting
How is equipment such as ventilation systems installed? Their installation must necessarily begin with the preparation of the project. This step is perhaps the most important in the process of installing a ventilation system. The project must be drawn up with the obligatory observance of all standards. In the event of an error in the future, ventilation will not work correctly. For example, kitchen or toilet odors may appear in living quarters, and all sorts of harmful impurities in the air of production workshops.
Design and installation of ventilation systems should be carried out exclusively by a specialist. When developing drawings, first of all, the features of the room and the ventilation equipment itself are taken into account. It also determines the installation location of the air pumping unit, the laying of air ducts, the methods of installing equipment, etc.
Assembling the ventilation system
The simplest ventilation systems designed for residential premises are installed most easily. Their installation, if desired, can be done independently. In a city apartment, for example, in most cases it is enough to install a powerful fan in the riser and make supply holes under the windows. The installation of complex systems in cottages and, in particular, in production requires a certain amount of experience. in general andIn general, the installation procedure for the most difficult supply and exhaust ventilation installation looks like this:
- In the attic or in the basement, the main unit is fixed, the design of which includes fans, filters and, if necessary, a heat exchanger.
- The installation of ventilation systems continues by gouging holes for air ducts in the outer walls.
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Holes are punched in the internal walls and partitions of the building. Under the supply air ducts they are made below, under the outlet - at the top.
- The lines are being mounted. The latter can be both flexible and rigid.
- Connecting the mains to the main unit.
- The ventilation system is being tested for operability.
Provisions for industrial use
Of course, ventilation systems, the installation of which is a very complicated procedure in most cases, must also be operated in compliance with all applicable standards. After commissioning, the specialists who installed the equipment must instruct the residents of the house or production personnel on its use. Basically, the rules for the operation of ventilation systems in production include the following items:
- Runtime maintenance of the equipment is carried out by specialists with the appropriate education.
- Control measurements are periodically made in the workshopsair.
- Equipment is constantly tested for performance in accordance with regulations.
- Equipment repairs must be done on time.
Operation and installation of ventilation systems in the enterprise are usually the responsibility of the chief engineer.
Home use
In residential premises, the rules for the operation of ventilation systems are reduced mainly to the timely repair and replacement of structural elements that have served their purpose. Of course, in no case should you cover the openings for the air ducts with finishing materials. This applies to both external walls and internal.
Installation of air conditioning systems
Ventilation systems and equipment, which were installed according to all the rules, make living in an apartment or working in a workshop much more comfortable. However, to create an optimal microclimate, they are sometimes not enough. In this case, other climatic equipment is additionally used - air conditioners. Most often, systems of this type are installed in residential premises, offices, cafes or shops. Typically, modern split systems are used to cool the air in buildings. Their installation procedure includes the following steps:
- An outdoor unit is attached to the wall of the house from the side of the street.
- The inner ones are hung.
- Wiring being laid.
- A hole is punched in the wall and mountedpipelines.
- The system is checked for leaks and evacuated.
- Power on.
- Equipment testing in progress.
Operating Rules
When using a split system in a residential area, the following recommendations should be observed:
- Indoor units must be protected from direct sunlight.
- Don't force the space in close proximity to the equipment with furniture.
- Filters should be cleaned at least once every 2 months.
- A visor should be installed above the outdoor unit.
Installation of ventilation and air conditioning systems, as you can see, the procedures are rather complicated and require certain knowledge and skills. The climatic equipment will work correctly only if all standards are observed during the assembly process. Therefore, the installation of such systems should definitely be entrusted to specialists. And the owners of the house or employees of the enterprise must strictly follow the rules for operating this equipment.
