"Nothing lasts forever under the moon" - as the classic used to say. And indeed, no matter how reliable and durable a thing is, sooner or later it will require repair, renewal or, as it is fashionable to say now, an upgrade. This applies equally to human housing, namely to a private house.
And it doesn't matter what materials and what technologies this building was built from, but sooner or later it will definitely need repair or restoration. So, let's look at this issue, as far as possible in a small article, in more detail.
Most common injuries
As you know, the restoration of an old house, in addition to the external renovation of the building, also implies the restoration of internal defects that have arisen. What is the most common damage in old houses?
So, first of all, you should pay attention to the walls. Cracks often form on the outside, into which water flows and destroys the building. In basements, due to improper waterproofing, they may become damp and moldy, internal walls may not be safe enough in terms of fire and have poor sound insulation.
Also in most caseswindows and doors to be replaced. You need to carefully check the condition of the roof, as the load-bearing beams can rot or warp, and it is better to replace the old roofing material with more modern counterparts.
Usually the floor needs to be repaired. Wooden boards or parquet creak, large gaps and cracks appear between the floorboards. A separate item is plumbing, heating and electrical wiring. In 99%, old plumbing and heating need to be changed. As for the electrical wiring, we can say the following: in old houses, it was usually designed for lighting, a TV, and, perhaps, that's all. Therefore, it will by no means be able to cope with a large number of modern household appliances.
So, a detailed inspection has been carried out, flaws have been found, we are moving on to the next stage of the restoration of the house. Making a repair plan.
Planning the stages of repair
You can draw up a plan, visualize it, and also calculate the preliminary cost of work using special computer programs, of which there are many now. Thanks to the plan and estimate drawn up with their help, you will be able to calculate the sequence of actions step by step, immediately see the result of the restoration, that is, in a 3D editor, consider how the house will look after the repair, and finally, which is also extremely important, know how much it will cost home restoration price.
Well, if the plan is made, let's move on to putting it into practice.
Restoring the foundation
Let's start with the basics - the foundationbuilding. Cracks can go along it or, God forbid, soil subsidence forms in places. Its repair is a very responsible and difficult task, therefore, without special knowledge and skills, it is not recommended to repair the foundation on your own. If settlement occurs, special beams are placed under its base, the foundation is reinforced from all sides with a metal mesh, and if necessary, it is expanded. But once again, it is better to entrust the restoration of the foundation of the house to specialists.
Windows or natural light
Next window. Indeed, in any house there must be natural lighting, and the more it is, the better. There are special standards, according to which the area of windows should be at least 10% of the total area of \u200b\u200bthe walls. Previously, windows were not large enough in houses, so it would be more expedient to increase their area if possible, as well as use modern double-glazed windows, which will help reduce heat loss. Well, we will return to the issues of thermal insulation in the process of restoring the house, but for now let's move on to replacing the electrical wiring.
Electrical wiring
As mentioned above, the main problem with old wiring is not old sockets with switches and wires sticking out of the walls, but the lack of power that it can handle. Here, in addition to replacement, another problem may arise. You may need to contact your utility company and ask for an increase in your home's quota.
If this is not necessary, then in the process of restorationa private house, it is enough to simply replace the outdated wiring with a new one, copper with grounding, having previously developed and drawn up its diagram. It is also advisable to approximately calculate the number of devices and their power that you plan to connect to a particular outlet. Spare sockets for additional appliances should also be considered.
Heating and room insulation
One of the elements of home comfort is warmth. Who would not want to sit down in the evening, stretching their tired legs to a pleasantly crackling fireplace … Of course, if space and funds allow, it is possible to restore the house in such a way as to bring this possibility to life, but we will focus on a more common and acceptable option for most. These are solid fuel or gas-fired boilers. By the way, the latter are gaining more and more popularity, since their efficiency reaches 90%.
These boilers produce minimum ash, no soot and save fuel. Of course, you can also use a pyrolysis boiler, this is if there is a centralized gas supply, as well as an alternative option - an electric boiler, but in this case you can forget about savings.
Of course, installing central heating is only half the battle. You will also need high-quality thermal insulation of the room. To do this, you can use special mineral wool or polystyrene plates. It is necessary to insulate both the walls and the floor and ceiling.
Now the restoration of the house inside is approaching the final stage, it remains to be donefinishing work on the floor, walls and ceiling, and we will move outside and continue the restoration work there.
Roof restoration
The purpose of the roof is not only protection from rain, it also significantly affects the appearance of the building. Previously, houses, as a rule, were covered with either tiles or slates. Therefore, most likely, a complete replacement of the old roofing material with a new, more modern one, along with a partial replacement of the load-bearing beams and beams, will be required. You will also need to insulate and make roof waterproofing.
Restoration of the facade of the house
Well, and finally, the outer walls of the house. They must be cleaned of old layers of paint or plaster, covered with a primer mixture that protects against fungus and mold, then insulated using thermal materials with water-repellent properties, lay a vapor barrier membrane and, finally, plaster and paint the walls with facade paint or line them with siding or clapboard.
Let's stop here. Of course, this is a general and brief overview of the main stages of repair and restoration of the building, since more detailed instructions would require writing a whole book, and possibly more than one. However, the highlights of the restoration work are outlined here.
