In the construction of modern houses, different types of roofs are used, differing in design features. They can be combined or folded, the latter variety has an attic space, which can be cold or equipped for housing. One of the most common types of such roofs is the half-hip roof, which is also called the Dutch one.
It is a design with overhangs at the ends. Due to the features, this roof withstands strong wind loads, and the gables of the building are well protected from precipitation. The half-hip roof can be made in the form of a gable or four-pitched.
Half roof benefits
If the hip roof provides for the presence of two slopes in the form of a trapezoid, as well as two slopes in the form of triangles, then theyget a broken line. The design in this case can be individual and depends on the climate, the type of roofing, as well as the presence of living quarters in the attic. Influence on the choice of the type of roof, of course, has a climate. At high snow loads, roofs are made with steep slopes and small overhangs. If the winter is not snowy, then the slopes may have a slight slope, which is greater than in the above option.
The advantage of such a roof is the ability to equip the attic space for housing. In this case, the attic semi-hip roof will be the best choice. If you want to make the living space larger, then the slopes must be formed with different slopes. The upper part of the slope is made flat, while the lower part should have a sheer appearance. This type of roof also protects the gables from wind, snow and rain, which can be called positive qualities.
Main flaws
Before you build a half-hip roof, you need to take into account its disadvantages, among them it is necessary to highlight the difficulty of forming a truss system due to the huge number of ribs, valleys, and intermediate rafters. It is necessary to use struts, sprigs and various intermediate elements. Among other things, you will encounter high material consumption both when installing roofing material and truss system. The master will have a rather difficult task of laying roofing.
Half roof device
A semi-hip roof will include many structural elements, namely: mauerlat, truss system, heat, hydro and vapor barrier, as well as roofing. The rafter system has a ridge, rafter legs, struts, a batten system, stops, braces, as well as crossbars and other elements. All of them give rigidity to the construction of the truss system.
Before you start building such a roof, you need to lay the mauerlat, which is located on the load-bearing walls. If they are made of brick, then a reinforced concrete belt is laid on top. During the arrangement, it is necessary to install vertical galvanized studs into it, on which the Mauerlat beam is mounted. The studs should be of such length that they are visible from the timber by 3 centimeters. Their minimum diameter is 10 millimeters. The distance between these elements is 120 centimeters.
Advice to the master
When you line up a half-hip roof, the studs must be placed between the rafters, in which case the junction of the Mauerlat and the rafters will not be complicated.
Work methodology and design features of the roof
Rooferoid is laid on the reinforcing belt in two layers, then you can proceed to the installation of the Mauerlat beam, which is located on the studs. For it, a square-section beam with a side of 150 millimeters is used; in the section, the element has dimensions100x150 millimeters. Holes must be made in advance, as the timber is treated with an antiseptic, which prevents the wood from rotting.
The half-hip roof, the photo of which is presented in the article, includes the installation of diagonal or slanting rafters, as well as a ridge. The first are fixed by means of special cuts, which are sometimes replaced by iron staples. Fastening is made to the ridge and Mauerlat. Diagonal rafters act as a continuation of the ridge, which bifurcates at the top. These branches converge with the corners of the building and undergo a large load during operation. Rafter half-legs should rest on the diagonal rafters, so they are made of a paired board, the section of which is 50x150 millimeters.
Recommendations for installing slanted rafters
The half-hipped roof, the drawing of which is presented in the article, may have rafters, and their cross section is calculated using a special formula. However, private masters never do this. The method of reinforcing the rafters in the form of pairing boards makes it possible to increase their bearing capacity, and with the impressive dimensions of the roof, to form a rather long continuous beam. In the process of work, boards of the same size can be used. As for the diagonal rafters and ordinary ones, this makes the job easier. First, the sloping elements must be installed, and then firmly fixed to the ridge and Mauerlat. Then you can proceed to the installation of the privates, who will rely on the Mauerlat and the skate.
Whatattention should be paid when arranging a semi-hip roof
When building a semi-hip roof with your own hands, the distance between the rafters must be chosen so that it matches the width of the insulation material. At their ends, it is necessary to form tie-ins that provide emphasis on the Mauerlat. These elements will also rest against the ridge of the four-slope structure. On the side, the rafters are fixed with brackets or metal plates in the form of corners. With spans of impressive size, all elements should be reinforced with stops, struts. Diagonal rafters are supported by a trussed truss. Racks and stops rest on the floor slab, which is true if it is reinforced concrete. In other options, additional ties should be mounted on the floor beams of the building.
Basic mistakes
The device of a semi-hip roof will not achieve the desired effect if the wooden elements are not treated with antiseptics. These compositions allow you to protect wood from fire and decay. Among other things, some craftsmen use building foam to fill the space under the ridge. This should not be done, otherwise the air in the under-roof space will not circulate, the wooden parts of the ridge will be subjected to putrefactive processes.
Design features of the roofing cake
If you are thinking about the question of how to make a semi-hip roof with your own hands, then you should familiarize yourself with the features of the roofing cake, which providesarrangement of the crate, a layer of steam, waterproofing and laying insulation material. At the final stage, the roofing material is covered. A vapor barrier can be a film that has a coating in the form of aluminum foil. In this case, the foil surface should be facing the inside of the attic. The film is fixed with a stapler. Insulation can be stone or mineral wool, presented in rolls or mats. The design of the semi-hip roof provides for the laying of insulation between the rafters, and a waterproofing material is laid on top.
Conclusion
It is important to remember that ventilation and ventilation are very important for any roof. Air can move freely in the interior due to the fact that there is a certain distance under the roof ridge.
