Frame house - a cozy and high-quality building in which you can live comfortably. But the original and unique design will be given to it by a flat roof, the construction of which takes less time than the installation of pitched options. This method has its own characteristic advantages and disadvantages. Cottages built using this technology look unusual and modern.
Further in the article, the features of a one-story frame house with a flat roof will be considered.
Construction sequence
The process of building a frame house includes the following works:
- Development of the project of the building. At this stage, it is necessary to decide what the slope of the flat roof will be (this figure ranges from 5 to 10 °). If you ignore this requirement, there is a possibility that rainwater will accumulate on the roof. In addition, you can make the roof slope - for this you need to give it a slight slope.
- Organization of the foundation (as a rule, they construct a tape base).
- Construction of walls - stage, in progresswhich you will have to do the strapping, fix the floorboards and mount the supports for the subsequent installation of the roof and jibs.
- Fixation on the frame of boards or shields, the space between which should be filled with insulating material (for example, glass wool).
- Building a flat roof of a frame house.
- Performing finishing work.
Project development
This is an important process that is best left to a professional construction company. But you can also buy a ready-made house project, the minimum price of which is 22,000 rubles. The finished documentation includes the following data:
- architecture and construction section;
- material specification;
- location of internal communication networks (water supply, heating, sewerage and electrical equipment).
However, before buying ready-made projects of frame houses with a flat roof, you need to consider that the price of building such an object with all the necessary building materials is at least 400,000 rubles. So, for example, for the construction of one-story housing with an area of 44 m2 with a rough finish, you will need to spend about 432 thousand rubles.
Frame house 6 by 6 m: optimal layout
This is a square building with enough room for a family of three. If a house of this size is to be built, the recommended area for each room is:
- entrance hall - 3 m2;
- bathroom - 1.5 m2;
- living room,combined with kitchen - 13.5 m2;
- bedrooms - 9 sqm each2.
The absence of corridors is a feature due to which the house will have a lot of free space used to good use. If you plan to move in a family with more than 4 people, then this building is not suitable for the cohabitation of so many people. But the bedrooms can be made smaller, while the size of the living room, on the contrary, can be increased.
It is better to make a bathroom in a frame house 6 by 6 m joint. It is also recommended to use a shower cabin instead of a bathtub and install the washing machine in another room as the hygiene room will be small.
On the flat roof of the house you can make a cozy seating area. In addition, building a veranda is another trick to increase the usable area of \u200b\u200bthe building.
Advantages and disadvantages of flat roof framing
The cost of building such a house is about 30% less than the price of building a brick building. Before you start building an object with a flat roof, you need to study its advantages:
- Low windage - the house will be protected from the negative effects of strong winds.
- Unique design.
- The price of the project is lower than houses with pitched roofs.
- Convenient service.
- Easy installation.
- On a flat roof, you can make a recreation area or build a pool. However, in this case, it will be necessary to build a supporting structure of high strength.
- For constructiona flat roof does not require a truss system, and this will not only simplify the work, but also reduce the cost of the house.
However, such a roof has a number of disadvantages:
- due to the small slope, the snow will not fall to the ground, so you will have to clean it yourself;
- during the construction of a frame house with a flat roof, it becomes necessary to equip a complex drainage system, which will need to be constantly cleaned from fallen leaves and silt;
- roof of this type implies the absence of an attic or attic;
- small deviations from the execution technology can lead to the fact that the roof will leak during operation, therefore it is necessary to waterproof the building covering in accordance with technical standards.
There are several ways to build a flat roof, each with its own distinctive properties.
Varieties
Flat roofs come in:
- exploited;
- lightweight.
The first can be used as a recreation area. Their peculiarity is that the deflection between the bearing supports in the middle reaches 10 cm. Rubber-based waterproofing is used as a material for the roof. The result is a frame house with a flat roof, on which you can move freely even in winter. But the main disadvantage of this coating is the high cost of roofing.
When designing a flat, usable roof, additionalload, so the bearing supports, foundation, ceiling and walls must be made more powerful. In addition, the roof will have to be strengthened with a reinforced screed. As a result, the roof will be adapted for the presence of people and various objects on it.
On a lightweight roof, you need to build only a high-quality drainage system and snowmelt.
Ways to drain water
If you do not make a slight slope of a flat roof, then the water on it will stagnate, and this can lead to leaks. To make the mentioned construction, the following methods are used:
- General slope - a method in which the base of the roof from the very beginning mounts at a slight angle (from 3 to 7 degrees) in the direction where the water will drain. As a rule, builders arrange gutters and ebbs on the back of the house for this.
- Internal system - an option for draining melt or rainwater to a special funnel, under which you need to install a pipe.
The required way of constructing this system should be chosen at the design stage.
Flat roof layers
To make a traditional roof, you need to lay it out in this order:
- The base provides the covering of the building with the necessary strength and rigidity. This is the main layer on which the rest of the structural elements will be placed. The base is built from a wooden beam, the recommended section of which is 15 x 15 cm. In addition, for theseI-beams can be used for purposes.
- The vapor barrier layer is made of non-perforated polyethylene film or polymer-bitumen mastic.
- Insulation will protect the frame house with a flat roof from cold air.
- The waterproofing layer will protect the building from the negative effects of high humidity.
To protect the waterproofing material from sudden changes in temperature and ultraviolet rays, you need to put a layer of thermal insulation on top of it. In addition, the construction of a flat roof can be done in the reverse order. The result is an inverse version of the coverage of the building.
Roof insulation
For these purposes, you can use the following materials:
- Foam glass is a strong and durable insulation that does not deteriorate under the influence of high temperature. In addition, it is protected from biological destruction.
- Mineral insulation - effective, but soft materials that will have to be fixed with waterproofing. As a rule, plywood with a concrete screed is used for this purpose.
- Expanded polystyrene is a high quality and durable material. It is used in construction more and more often, because it has a low coefficient of thermal conductivity.
- Backfilling materials - perlite sand or expanded clay. These are cheap heaters, but they are worse in quality than mineral or polymer products. In addition, it is difficult to achieve a flat plane with them at a slight angle.
To have a good microclimate in the house, you needinsulate a flat roof with your own hands with high-quality materials that will reduce the heat loss of the building by about 30%.
Roof waterproofing
The following materials are used for these works:
- roll waterproofing (glassine, roofing felt, brizol);
- mastics;
- membrane materials;
- penetrating impregnations.
Using roll materials is a cheap and proven waterproofing method. To perform this method, you must first clean and dry the roof, and then cover it with a layer of bituminous primer. Material (for example, roofing felt) must be laid at an air temperature of at least 10 ° C.
Mastics are hot and cold. The first before applying to the surface must be heated to 160 ° C, and the second - up to 70 ° C. The result is a durable film that will protect a frame house with a flat roof from UV rays for 20 years.
There is also liquid rubber, which will have to be applied by spraying. The result is a reliable seamless coating that has a service life of more than 25 years.
Flat roof device: step by step technology
The construction of this cover consists of the following steps:
- Install supports on the load-bearing walls of the building, while taking into account the approximate mass of the planned structure and the amount of precipitation. Beams should be placed at a distance of 50-100 cm, and their cross section should be from 10 x 10 to 15 x 15 cm.
- On the finished base of the timber you need to fixboards 50 mm thick, which must first be treated with an antiseptic solution. In addition, moisture-resistant plywood or drywall can be used for these purposes.
- Lay a vapor barrier (e.g. ordinary polyethylene film).
- The resulting surface must be covered with overlapping roofing material and wait until it straightens.
- Pour a layer of slag, expanded clay or other bulk insulation on the rolls, while making a slight slope (2-3°) towards the drain.
- Pour the cement mortar in such a way that a layer with a thickness of at least 20 mm is obtained. At this stage, the main thing is to keep the bias.
- Cover the screed with foil and wait 2 days for it to dry.
- Cover the resulting layer with bituminous mastic.
- Stick roofing material.
- Seal the joints with sealant and solder.
- Insulate the inside of the roof with mineral wool.
But do not forget: before you make a flat roof, you need to consider where the ventilation and chimney pipes will be installed (experts recommend mounting on the side wall of the building).
Conclusion
The article described the technological features of a frame house with a flat roof. When constructing a building using this method, you must first draw up a project yourself or seek help from professionals. It is the latter option that is preferable, since specialized companies perform drawings in accordance with all standards.
You can build a frame house with your own hands. The article also details the processerecting a flat roof, since this is an atypical design, which must be carried out taking into account some tricks and recommendations.
