Concerns associated with the redevelopment of housing - a fairly common phenomenon. This topic is especially relevant for owners of their own apartments located in newly erected buildings. Their owners, before carrying out a major overhaul, have to think about the plan for placing sanitary appliances. The most problematic question is how to properly position the toilet?
On the relevance of norms and standards
Mostly redevelopment is the physical or visual expansion of the premises. Less often - in reducing and saving space. Problems for owners who decide to overhaul appear if plumbing has already been installed in the apartment. Its dismantling and transfer to another place is a serious procedure, which requires special permission. The project of repair work must be agreed and legalized with further inclusion in the technical passport of the apartment. It is impossible to start work without permission, because ignorance can damage the load-bearing wall, which will lead to the destruction of the whole house. To avoid this when installing plumbing, there are established norms and standards in whichat the legislative level, parameters such as the height of the toilet bowl, the size of the latrines, the height of the ceilings and others have already been prescribed.
Regulations
The previously existing document “Sanitary equipment of buildings and structures” (SNiP PI–28-75) became invalid after the introduction of the new one – “Internal sanitary and technical systems” (SNiP 3.05.01–85). The new document applies to work with hot and cold water supply, sewerage, heating, ventilation, drains in industrial and residential buildings. Information needed by residents to replace indoor sanitary appliances is contained in this document.
Basic requirements
The standards for the distribution of plumbing, set out in the document, provide:
- distance from toilet to bidet should be 0.25m;
- mandatory presence of free space in front of the bath or shower - 0.70 m;
- free space in front of the toilet should be 0.60 m;
- on the sides of the toilet, it is necessary to provide for the presence of free space - 0.25 m;
- the space near the washbasin should be 1.1m long and 0.7m wide;
- the shower faucet should be placed at a height of 1.2m;
- toilet height should be 0.6 m.
About the variety of standards
Currently, there are numerous factories, plants and firms specializing in the manufacture of sanitary ware. Domestic and foreign manufacturers produce their ownproducts according to the regulations in force in their country. Plumbing standards become internal and lose their relevance. But, nevertheless, they continue to be standards, and they should be followed if the owner of the apartment does not want unnecessary problems during planning or major repairs.
How to choose a toilet?
A well-maintained bathroom is an integral part of modern housing. One of the main and indispensable elements of any toilet is the toilet. Now in the plumbing market there are many different models with their own design features. Different firms use their technologies in the production process, products are made from different materials. Products made from sanitary faience are in great demand today. When choosing a toilet, you should take into account the needs of the family, the number of people, the size of the room in which the installation is planned. The choice is also made taking into account the individual characteristics of the consumer. For large people, it is advisable to select a high toilet equipped with a wide bowl. For slender women, a narrow model would be ideal. According to the recommendations of experienced plumbers, when choosing a toilet bowl, it is best to focus on the tallest member of the family.
“Monolith”: compact model
Toilet combined with a cistern is called "Monolith". In production, it is made using a single casting and has a one-piece structure, which saves space when installing equipment, despite the fact that the dimensions of monolithic toilets are identical to conventional ones. Therefore, these models arecalled "compact toilets":
- product height can be over 0.8m;
- toilet length - 0.7 m;
- width – 0.38 m.
Types of structures
The types of compact toilets differ in the way they are installed:
- Suspended. They are equipped with separate tanks, which are installed in the wall or behind the partition. Products with this design are not mass-produced.
- Floor compacts are considered the most common.
According to the shape of the design, there are:
- oblique;
- horizontal;
- vertical.
When creating compact toilets, first of all, the physiological parameters of a person are taken into account, and only then - the designer's inventions.
Products with a microlift are very popular - a mechanism that provides a smooth lowering of the seat. Such products are quite expensive.
Budget model
Among cheap compacts, economy class products should be highlighted. These are toilets from the Russian manufacturer Sanita Luxe.
Wishing to purchase a high-quality, but at the same time, inexpensive toilet bowl, you can opt for the Russian compact model. It costs up to 2000 rubles. Porcelain is used in the production of toilet bowls by Sanita Luxe. Products are equipped with a cover and a lower water supply to the drain tank. These toilet bowls are affordable, they are characterized by a quality fastening method, a wide variety of bowls, an effective flush system and an additional function.anti-splash. The formation of the cost of the model is significantly influenced by the type of toilet bowl, the material used for its manufacture, the design features inherent in the product and additional functional elements. For the price, Sanita Luxe toilets can be expensive, mid-price and cheap.
Options
Toilets manufactured by Sanita Luxe come in two variants:
- Outdoor. This is the classic version. It is installed on a special leg, which smoothly passes into the bowl.
- Suspended. These products are mainly intended for toilets with limited space. Such products are more aesthetic and elegant than outdoor ones. This is due to the fact that no communications are visible on the wall-hung toilets. The floor during their installation is not deformed. As a result, space is visually freed. Convenience when cleaning indoors is also considered an advantage.
Parameters
Hanging products indicators:
- toilet height from floor should be 35-40cm;
- width 35-37cm;
- length or depth 48-70 cm.
Suspended toilet bowls are characterized by considerable durability. They are capable of supporting a weight of 400 kg.
Toilets of this manufacturer contain such an additional element as a side skirt. It covers the bottom base of the toilet bowl and prevents it from getting dirty. This model of a toilet bowl is ideally suited for the room which area exceeds 6 sq.m. meters.
Despite all its merits, wall-mounted toiletsare less popular than floor standing.
Baby toilet requirements
Parents of children who have reached the age of four should start teaching them how to use the toilet. This is easy to do with the help of special attachments - a child seat, adapters, toilet pads and children's toilet circles.
According to GOST 30493-96 “Sanitary ceramic products”, children's toilet bowls must comply with established standards:
- length - 405mm;
- width - 290 mm.
Many manufacturers, when creating their products, do not always clearly adhere to these standards. But, nevertheless, sanitary products for children from many manufacturers have parameters that approximately correspond to GOST:
- baby toilet “Baby” has a length of 55 cm, a width of 28 cm, a bowl height of 325 mm, a product height of 725 mm;
- children's toilet "Bambi" has parameters 555x345x670 mm;
- Children's toilet "Vershok" - 630x300x640 mm.
Toilet with step
The main task of such a model is to provide the child with the opportunity to sit on the toilet on their own. For boys, this step allows you to write while standing. Without a step, the standard height of the toilet bowl does not allow them to do this. When buying coasters, parents should pay attention to the width of the base and its coverage. This recommendation is due to the fact that a wide step is safer for the child, since the possibility of falls is excluded. To this end, developerschildren's steps (toilet stands) are provided with a special rubberized coating that prevents any slipping. The coasters are lightweight, so that the child, if necessary, can independently move them as he pleases.
What should be the toilet for the disabled?
For the elderly and people with disabilities, special plumbing is provided. Its feature is the presence of armrests, handrails with a protective coating. They are designed to provide support for a person while standing, sitting and walking in the bathroom or toilet. It is important that the armrests have high strength, which would allow them to withstand heavy loads. They can have a design of three types: folding, rotary, stationary. The main thing is that a person with a disability has enough free space and can easily use the toilet, bathtub or sink.
Toilet for the disabled is equipped with handrails with a folding design. In the production of these armrests, anodized aluminum is used, which is able to withstand a weight of 300 kg. The height of a toilet equipped with such armrests may be higher than the standard model. This size is ideal for the handicapped and the elderly with sore knees. Installation must be carried out in such a way that the top of the seat from the floor level is 500 mm. Thus, the design of the toilet corresponds to the wheelchair. Plumbing products for the disabled -it is a limited product and belongs to the category of specific goods. Its characteristic feature is its high cost. At the same time, production volumes are quite small. The main task of such products is to ensure that a person with disabilities is not constrained in his actions, but can use the toilet on his own, without resorting to outside help.
Proper selection and installation of the toilet bowl is the key to the improvement of the bathroom in the apartment - an essential component of the comfort of a modern home.
