Waterproofing a bathroom is a necessary procedure in every house or apartment. It is important to create a reliable barrier so that the integrity of the protective layer is not violated. Today there are enough offers on the market, and from all this variety it is worth choosing the right one. In addition, experts talk about different methods that have their positive and negative sides.
Options
The following options can be used for waterproofing a bathroom. This is a pasting system, penetrating, coating and painting. In addition, all material can be divided into other subgroups that are associated with their consistency and not only. As a result, in practice, all the proposed goods on the market are presented in such variations - pasty, liquid, powder and roll materials for waterproofing bathrooms. Next, we will consider these species in more detail.
Application of rolls
This is one way to create a protective barrier. He isaffordable, but does not show high results. There is a laying of a polyethylene film under the screed. This is the waterproofing of the bathroom floor. To do this, the thickest material is taken, and the film should overlap and rise 10 centimeters on the walls. This is not always enough, and construction tape is also used to securely fasten the joints.
You can create a seam by soldering it. For this, an iron is used. This is an old method, but in practice it shows itself well - the seams are ironed through the paper. Better if there are two layers. In this case, the seams should not match. There are also more modern materials on the market - technoelast, acoustic. They have the property of delaying unnecessary sounds. Their joints are fixed with bitumen tapes.
If you choose special materials, they are not very expensive, but the effect is better. Basically, they consist of a canvas, which is carefully impregnated with bitumen. Not so long ago, cardboard was taken as the basis, but today there are more reliable materials. For example, fiberglass is not subject to the formation of mold and rot, although it differs greatly in its qualities.
According to experts, the best base is polyester. It accepts any stretching well, but this property is not always important for a bathroom or bathroom, but the price is high. Therefore, the decision to take each independently, depending on the budget.
Bitumen roll waterproofing
The most common is bituminous rollwaterproofing. The most common are SBS and APP. To fix the waterproofing of the bathroom, you can use the fusible method or self-adhesive. For the first, you will have to have a special burner. There is also a polymer base on sale. Most often these are films, but with a large thickness. One side of them has an adhesive on the surface. They do not contain any reinforcing substances. This gives them the ability to stay in place unchanged for many years.
How are these components used?
To apply waterproofing materials in rolls, it is necessary to carefully prepare the surface, although this applies to all types. It is important to measure everything by level. A deviation of more than two millimeters is not allowed. If the heated mass is poured, then a primer is first applied. It prepares the surface. Although the use of a burner in a bathroom is a rarity due to the small space. Sometimes it also happens that the mass remaining after other work is used for a small area. This is convenient, because nothing is thrown out without work. Any work has its own stages and it is worth doing them, otherwise it will not be possible to achieve the desired result.
What kinds are there?
The use of coating waterproofing will bring effect only with proper application. In the store, you need to pay attention to the quality of the selected material, which means that the price should not be low. Coating brings a qualitative result, but they work with it at a temperature not lower than +10 degrees, such conditions are not always possible to realize. The basis is rubber or any polymers. They aresuitable for various bases and adhere to the surface with high quality.
There are foreign and domestic manufacturers on the market that produce such products. The drying period is short, allowing any repairs to be made faster. To increase the strength of the coating, special reinforcing compounds are used.
Bitumen-rubber mastic is considered the best waterproofing of a bathroom in an apartment. In order for it to appear on the surface and perform its main functions, it is necessary to clean the top layer and process it. But if the work is carried out in the bathroom or bathroom, then the floor must be lower than all the others, or you will have to mount the threshold.
Types of soil
It is important that the adhesive properties are increased. To do this, use any primer compositions. Before choosing, you should give preference to both compositions from the same manufacturer. The primer must dry completely. This takes about two hours. There are two main types:
- Single component.
- Two-component.
There are formulations on sale that have to be mixed before use. It is convenient to work with a spatula. In order to avoid gaps, it is worth driving a little on the walls (at least 10 centimeters). It takes two hours to dry this mastic. There are those who require a screed for the base, but sometimes it is easy to create a reliable layer without it. The attached instruction is always taken as a basis.
Are there dry formulations?
On salecement-polymer mastics. They allow you to organize the waterproofing of the bathroom. To create the desired mass, the mixture is diluted with water. It acts as a coating or penetrating waterproofing. But there are two options:
- Increased level of rigidity.
- Elastic composition.
Often after a new construction, the building can give movement, so the use of a rigid composition can lead to cracks. They pay attention to it. The elastic consistency is used in many buildings, as it will not crack or collapse over time.
Where should the waterproofing be?
If this is the floor, then everything is simple. Waterproofing can be:
- Before screeding.
- On top of her.
Before, it was not necessary to talk about the reliability of the waterproofing material, and therefore it was applied under the screed. Today everything has changed, and they are trying to create a protective layer over it. And already the finish coating is on it. There is protection not only for the finishing layer, but also for the screed itself from getting wet, because this is relevant in the bathroom. Often they began to create heated floors in such rooms. In this situation, it is imperative to waterproof the bathroom.
A lot of work goes into creating the right conditions in the bathroom. Particular attention is paid to the joints on the floor and walls. To avoid misunderstandings, they are reinforced or glued with special construction tape. Experts believe that it is necessary to strengthen the waterproofing layer in the corners and joints, because the building givesmovement and surface cracking occurs. Moisture collects in these places and mold or rot forms.
Waterproofing is also often applied to walls, especially in places where there is direct contact with water. It is not always necessary to do this - one and a half meters is enough to the ceiling. A puddle cannot form on the wall, and it is necessary to protect it from splashing. A small layer of waterproofing composition is enough. Although sometimes you can simply create ventilation gaps by mounting the membrane. But this option is difficult and it is not always possible to create reliable protection without experience.
To avoid misunderstandings and problems, in the bathroom, special attention is paid to pipes that come out of the floor. These are water and sewer. There are special constituent elements for this:
- Waterproofing tape.
- Hydraulic cord.
- Sealants with fungicides.
It is the communications that go under the floor that often bring a lot of problems. Such communications are given due attention. If they are poorly “packed”, then even the highest quality waterproofing will not do any good. There are even specially developed documents on which work is being carried out in this direction. Not everyone uses it, although this is fundamentally the wrong decision.
SNiP for bathrooms
As already noted, the application of waterproofing is considered necessary for the toilet and bathroom. A wide variety of substances are used. They are applied mainly with a spatula, a person without experience will be able todeal with this procedure. Where there is contact with the floor and ceiling, additional protective tapes are often used. For substances such as bitumen, mastic, tar, there are requirements for waterproofing in bathrooms - SNiP 2.03.13-88.
These are a few main points that contain information for the operation and characteristics of some materials, one of which is:
Waterproofing from sewage and other liquids should be provided only with a large or medium intensity of their impact on the floor
In apartment buildings, compliance with this kind of rules is mandatory. To achieve the desired result, do not shy away from the recommendations. Everyone tries to protect their housing from excess moisture, and rightly so. Because in such conditions, the development of microorganisms and destructive processes occur. It is not difficult to properly waterproof a bathroom, but subject to all recommendations.
