Toilet, of course, is not the main room in the apartment. However, the bathroom should be equipped in such a way that it is as convenient and safe to use it as possible. This applies, of course, to lighting. Wiring and connecting fixtures in the toilet must be done correctly.
A feature of bathrooms is, first of all, that in most cases the rooms are small. In addition, natural lighting is usually completely absent in the toilets, because windows in the bathrooms are almost never provided. Therefore, artificial lighting in such rooms, in any case, should be quite intense and powerful.
Which lamps to choose
Acquire such devices depending on the design and layout of the bathroom itself. For example, lighting in a small toilet, long and narrow, is best arranged using some beautiful wall lights. With the help of such equipment, a narrow room can be easily expanded visually. To do this, the lamps should be hung on both long walls higher.
For low ceiling latrineOrdinary flat plafonds are best suited. Lighting in a large area toilet can be organized using a variety of fixtures. It can be small ceiling chandeliers, and wall sconces, and even floor versions of such devices.
When choosing fixtures for the toilet, among other things, you should take into account the standards provided for by SNiP. Otherwise, it will be inconvenient to use the restroom in the future. So, for example, according to the rules, normal lighting in the toilet at 1 m22 is 20 lux.
Wiring Rules
According to the SNiP regulations, the cable in the toilet, as in the bathroom, is only allowed to be laid in a hidden way. That is, the wires in such rooms are pulled in strobes. The only exception in this case are wooden buildings. In the toilets of such houses, cables can be laid in hermetically connected metal pipes.
It is not forbidden to mount sockets in toilets. However, such elements are installed most often only in combined bathrooms. In such rooms, they are used for washing machines, hair dryers, etc. Sometimes lamps in the toilet are also connected to sockets. In any case, only waterproof structures (minimum IP 44) should be used in bathrooms.
Junction boxes are not usually installed in separate toilets or in shared bathrooms. In any case, it is better to take such an element outside the restroom.
Cable Selection
Of course, usedfor installation in the toilet, as in any other place in the apartment, the wires must be fire resistant and reliable. When choosing a cable for the restroom, you need to pay attention to:
- its section;
- material and number of strands;
- certificate.
Buying such products, for obvious reasons, should only be from trusted manufacturers.
As for the material, in most cases, property owners today use copper wiring to electrify it. Aluminum is considered obsolete and does not meet the requirements of the organization of modern life.
Wiring to toilets, combined or separate, is three-wire. That is, there must be a ground wire in the cable.
If copper wires are laid everywhere in the rooms, then for the restroom, of course, this type of cable should be used. The aluminum option in this case is not particularly suitable. It is believed that it is best to use cables with a low level of smoke emission VVGng 3x1.5 or VVGng-LS in bathrooms. In any case, the section of the wire purchased for the toilet should not be less than 2.5 mm2.
Instrument Location: Regulations
In separate toilets, lamps can be hung almost anywhere. When installing such devices in combined bathrooms, the following rules should be observed:
- locate lamps in the toilet, as well as sockets, allowed no closer than 60 cm to sinks, bathtubs and showerscabins;
- It is also not allowed to place sockets or lighting fixtures right next to the floor to avoid getting wet from leaks.
Connect the wires from the restroom to a two-pole RCD. This method will allow in the future, if necessary, to instantly de-energize the bathroom.
How to wire the toilet
Perform the procedure for electrifying the restroom as follows:
- make markings on the walls;
- measure the required wire length;
- buy the cable itself.
Then:
- perform wall chasing according to markings;
- under sockets, if provided, make sockets;
- install switches.
How to make light in the toilet: wall chasing
In brick houses, cables are usually pulled using a fairly simple technology. Chasing walls made of such material is not too difficult. After all, a brick is laid using cement mortar. This material lends itself quite easily to a hammer and chisel.
The seam between the rows of bricks stretches in the vast majority of cases along the entire wall. So horizontal cable laying in such a house can be done in just a couple of hours. With vertical mounting, in this case, you will have to tinker. After all, bricklaying is carried out with dressing of seams. Therefore, in order to raise or lower the cable along the planewalls, you will have to use a grinder.
The same tool is usually used for chasing concrete walls. In this case, horizontal knockout has to be done more carefully than in brickwork - using a building level.
Wiring
After the strobes are laid in accordance with the chosen lighting design in the toilet, they start gouging sockets for sockets. For this purpose, a perforator with a special nozzle is usually used. Next, proceed to the actual wiring. Pulling cables in strobes is allowed without any additional protection. But it is best to lay the wires all the same in the strobes through the pipe. In this case, in the future, if necessary, they can be easily replaced.
You can fasten the cable when laying in a strobe, for example, with thin metal plates cut by yourself. Each such element is nailed in a strobe in the middle. Then a cable is pulled over the plate. Next, the ends of the metal strip are bent over the laid wire. By the same principle, you can fix the pipe under the cable in the strobe.
After the wiring to the toilet is laid, the gate is sealed with alabaster or cement mortar. After waiting for the material to dry, the section of the wall above the cable is carefully sanded with sandpaper.
Connecting appliances
After the wall with the closed strobe dries up, you can start actually arranging the lighting intoilet. When using only one ceiling light in the restroom, it is best to move the switch outside of it, for example, into the corridor.
As well as under sockets, a nest is pre-hollowed out under this element. Switches are installed according to the diagrams drawn on their rear panel. In cables, the "ground" wire usually has a yellow sheath, "phase" - red, "zero" - blue. In accordance with this, the connection is made. Sockets when arranging lighting in the toilet are mounted using the same technology. That is, they connect the cores of earth, phase and zero to the corresponding terminals of the product.
Smart connection
The toilet light is not used very often. But many people simply forget to flip the switch after going to the restroom. And this, of course, is very uneconomical. To avoid this, you can equip the toilet not with ordinary, but with “smart” lighting.
In this case, in addition to the plafond itself and the switch, a special device is installed in the restroom - a presence sensor to turn on the light. Mount such a device in the toilet right at the entrance. Equipment of this type is connected directly to the wiring coming out of the wall and to the lamp according to the scheme provided by the manufacturer.
Instead of the presence sensor to turn on the light before entering the restroom, you can also install a motion sensor. Such a device will also make living in the house much more comfortable. It differs from the presence sensor in that it does not “catch” various kinds of small movements. However, passing throughthe doorway of a person, such a device can still “notice” in any case. At the same time, motion sensors are somewhat cheaper than presence sensors.
