Air-heating stove is the best option for heating a country house or a summer house. The fact is that the units in question differ from other heat sources in their small mass, efficiency and ease of maintenance. The main advantage of this type of heater is the absence of liquid in the system, which makes it possible to protect it from freezing or s alt deposits.
Varieties
Among air-heating furnaces, the following modifications are popular:
- Direct heat supply from a fireplace, boiler or stove.
- Heating the premises with the help of special air ducts connected to the heated areas.
- Forced heating through fans in the system.
Depending on the configuration of the hot air oven, the total costs include the price of a heat generator, additional devices used to deliver heat from the main source.
In the case of direct heating, the generator is placed indoors, runs on wood, coal, gas,electricity or solar. The key role is played not by the type of fuel, but by the organization of the heating scheme in all rooms. If in liquid structures heat transfer is carried out using a coolant, then in the systems under consideration it is air.
Design nuances
Long-burning gas-fired hot air furnaces are an analogue of a solid fuel boiler. They are distinguished by their simplicity of design, they have a certain similarity with the "potbelly stoves". At the same time, there are no difficulties with maintenance and management. In all these systems, the process is based on pyrolysis.
As a result of fuel combustion, gas with a high percentage of thermal capacity is released. At the same time, the energy released is several times greater (compared to conventional combustion of firewood). The effect of pyrolysis makes it possible to heat a large area of the room from one bookmark of wood. Gas from the energy carrier is released in a special chamber under conditions of low oxygen content and high temperature conditions. The resulting fuel enters the upper compartment of the boiler with further release of a significant amount of heat.
Device
The air heating furnace consists of the following elements:
- Cast iron or sheet steel.
- Primary combustion chamber.
- Convection circuit.
- Ash pan.
- Secondary afterburner.
- Chimney.
- Secondary air outlet.
- Draft regulator.
Currentequipment externally can be executed in different variations, depending on the modification and configuration, but they work the same way.
Operation principle
First, fuel (firewood, straw, pellets, husks or other organic compounds) is loaded into the hot air oven. Coal is not suitable for such equipment, because when heated, the temperature of the case rises to a critical level, which can lead to an accident. Then in the primary compartment there is a normal combustion with a normal amount of oxygen. Further, the furnace operates in the long burning mode with a simultaneous decrease in temperature and air quantity.
In such furnaces, the fuel simply smolders, gas is released from it, which, together with the heated secondary air, enters the secondary working compartment. When ignited, the gas releases a large amount of heat. How economical ovens work:
- Infrared radiation is generated from the incandescent core.
- Warm air flows through the convection unit.
- The energy carrier is supplied to adjacent rooms using air ducts connected to the main heating source.
Pros and cons
Modifications equipped with heat exchangers or a frying surface are on the market. Among the advantages of air-heating stoves on wood, the following points are distinguished:
- High efficiency (up to 85%).
- On one tab, the working time is 8-9 hours.
- Completely non-volatile modifications are available for sale.
- Bdesign there is a combustion regulator.
- Multipurpose.
- Ease of operation.
- Durability.
- Affordable price.
- Different power ratings depending on room volume.
There are also disadvantages. Among them:
- Use only fuel with low moisture content (no more than 20%).
- The need for regular cleaning of the chimney due to the formation of soot.
- Condensation and possible leakage to the floor.
Selection criteria
You can choose hot air stoves for your home according to several criteria. Pay attention to the following parameters:
- Performance and power rating.
- Dimensions.
- Chimney installation type.
- Ability to connect air ducts.
- Material of body part.
Also, the choice of equipment when buying is affected by the modification of the device:
- Buleryan-type ovens.
- Breneran models.
- Heater Butakov.
The specified versions are the basis for all other options. Modern and foreign manufacturers only improve and complete existing developments by releasing their own series.
Buleryan hot air ovens
Equipment of this type is equipped with a pair of cameras in the combustion chamber, which increases efficiency. The efficiency of "Buleryan" reaches 80-90%. Also availablemodification "Aqua", which is suitable for liquid heating systems.
The oven consists of the following elements:
- Oval iron or steel frame.
- Manifolds and injectors.
- Upper and lower work compartments.
- Sliding chimney.
- Door and ash pan.
The indicated long-burning stoves are considered the most efficient among analogues, since the design features make it possible to force the air mixture into the middle of the convector without the need for an electric fan. Air circulates naturally due to the significant temperature difference between the inlet and outlet tubes. This value is about 120 °C.
Air ducts can be connected to converter models, which allows you to heat adjacent rooms. It is advisable to choose aluminum inlets, since they work in conditions of high temperatures of the circulating air flow. To avoid heat losses, it is necessary to additionally insulate the ventilation wiring.
The features of the Buleryan-Aqua variety with a cast-iron body include the ability to connect a liquid heating system. The equipment is mounted in a closed or open circuit. The pipes are connected to the convectors of the furnace, after which it is not air that circulates through the pipes, but the coolant. This model has one significant drawback: the refrigerant cools the combustion chamber, therefore, the efficiency of the equipment decreases, and the consumption of fuel materials increases.
Butakov's heating device
Ovenconsists of the following details:
- Steel or cast iron body.
- Chamber for firebox.
- Convection tubes running throughout the chamber.
- Ash pan.
- Chimney with regulating damper.
- Door with convector.
Butakov's heater furnace, unlike "Buleryan", for example, air-heating furnace BV "Siberia" and other analogues, is not divided into two compartments. This setting does not adversely affect hardware performance. Its efficiency is up to 85%. The working process of the device is based on pyrolysis and convection.
The first operation takes place in the furnace compartment, starting after laying firewood or another type of fuel. High temperature and a small amount of oxygen contribute to the decomposition of organic substances into water and gas. Moisture goes outside along with the products of combustion, and the gas ignites in the upper part of the chamber with an additional supply of secondary air. The temperature index of the top of the firebox (compared to the bottom) is significantly higher, which allows it to be used for cooking.
Electric heaters
Electric tubular heaters are often used in home heating installations. To increase the heat output allows the installation of additional fins. The main advantage of these models is that there is no need for removal of combustion products and regular maintenance in terms of removing carbon deposits and soot. There is also a clear and flexible adjustment of the power of the device with the possibility of aggregation with thermostats, programmableremotes and other additional equipment.
As for the minuses, there are two of them, but quite significant:
- The power of an electric air heater often reaches several tens of kilowatts, which is not always suitable for existing power lines.
- The resulting heat is costly to the consumer, given the ever-increasing costs of utilities.
Reviews on air heating stoves
Judging by the mixed responses from users, the choice of air heating equipment depends on many factors. Given the required power, type of fuel and additional functionality, there is no particular problem in choosing a product for specific purposes. In any case, all modifications of the configuration in question are based on the three main systems listed above.
Some versions have an attractive design and high efficiency, other models are distinguished by the possibility of connecting air ducts and related devices. The owners note that with proper maintenance and care, the specified equipment is not only efficient, but also profitable to operate.
