The idea of using used oil as an active energy source for heating is not new. Due to the fact that there is a large amount of mining at car service stations, a problem has arisen, expressed in the need for recycling. This is especially true for stations that specialize in servicing trucks. It is not surprising that factory and handicraft products began to appear that allow you to burn the mentioned substance, receiving thermal energy. One of these devices is a mining burner.
Design features
It is quite possible to make the described device yourself. It is quite difficult to ensure the efficient combustion of old oils, this is due to the fact that working out from any car service is a mixture of oils of different viscosities with different amounts of impurities. In small doses, it contains antifreeze, diesel fuel and gasoline. All these moments are taken into account in the designs of burners, which were manufactured under conditionsfactory. They have special filter elements. If we consider the Babington burner, then it does not imply the presence of filtration. This is due to the fact that the fuel in this design flows down the spherical surface, forming a film. In the central part of this sphere there is a small hole, the diameter of which is 0.1-0.3 mm. This part is necessary for supplying pressurized air mass. Such a burner in mining works on the principle of air breaking through the hole, which cuts off part of the oil flowing down the surface. As a result, it is possible to obtain a torch, which consists of an air-fuel mixture capable of ignition.
No filtering
The amount of dirt in the oil can only affect the efficiency of combustion, while the design works at mining, without being clogged with suspended impurities. It is for this purpose that the mining burner is not equipped with holes of small diameter. There is only one hole in this device - air passes through it. Instead of a rather complex filtration system, the burner provides for the supply of oil to a spherical surface, and the excess flows down into the sump.
Providing quality oil combustion
In order for the described burner to work out as efficiently as possible, burning oil, it is necessary to preheat the fuel. This is required for two reasons, the first of which is the fact that the substance acquires the ability to well envelop the base of the sphere. Eventuallyair supply contributes to a better distribution, forming a good aerosol plume. The need for heating is also to reduce the flash point. When using heated fuel, it is much easier to ignite the device, and the operation takes place with the maximum use of the energy of the oil, which generates more heat.
The difference between a Babington burner and a blowtorch
Quite often, forced draft burners are compared to a blowtorch. Their devices have some similarities. While the principle of operation is different. In a blowtorch, fuel, namely gasoline, is in a closed container. It is exposed to high air pressure, which is provided through the use of a hand pump. Air is not mixed with fuel, the latter is pushed up. Along the way, gasoline warms up, gradually evaporating in the pipe. After that, it is injected into the nozzle jet. After leaving it, gasoline mixes with air, burns out and forms a fairly powerful torch. A homemade burner for working out operates on the opposite principle. Air is blown through the nozzle, not oil. In this case, the fuel does not evaporate, but is heated to a temperature of 70 degrees, but no more.
The liquid does not ignite completely, some volume goes into the sump. A home-made burner for testing cannot be made from a blowtorch, since it is very difficult to evaporate and supply oil through the nozzle to the combustion zone. Things to consider before makingsuch a design that filling the described unit with gasoline is inefficient and quite dangerous.
Production technology
Due to its simplicity and prevalence, a burner designed for a waste oil boiler is made by specialists and home craftsmen in a variety of variations. At the first stage, you will need to select all the necessary materials and tools, among them is a metal tee, which is equipped with an internal thread of 50 millimeters. This element will be needed to make the case. The drive, which has an external 50 mm thread, will also come in handy. This component will form the basis of the nozzle. The length can be chosen as desired, however, this parameter should not be less than 100 millimeters. If you will be manufacturing an evaporative burner for testing, then it is important to stock up on a knee made of DU-10 metal. The workpiece must have an external thread in the amount of 2 pieces, which will be needed to connect the fuel line. Prepare a copper pipe DU-10 of the required length, which will go to the fuel line. The length should not be less than one meter. A hemisphere or a steel ball that will freely enter the tee will be needed for the working part. A metal tube DU-10 will be needed to connect the air path.
Work methodology
If you will be running an evaporative burner in development, you will need to carry outone fairly precise manipulation, which is to make a hole in the central part of the sphere. Its diameter should be between 0.1 and 0.4 mm. As the best option, a figure equal to 0.25 millimeters is suitable. You can do this using one of two methods. The first involves drilling with a tool of the desired diameter. If you decide to use the second method, you will need to install a ready-made 0.25 mm jet.
Master's Tip
It is important to remember that the holes should be located strictly in the central part, while the axis should be directed parallel to the body walls, or rather the tee. In the latter, the sphere will be mounted. The deflection can be very minimal, otherwise the torch will be directed to the side, which will negatively affect stable operation and excessive fuel consumption. Experienced craftsmen quite often encounter difficulty, which is due to the fact that it is very difficult to make a small hole. Thin drills will break.
Features of making a hole
If you need a burner for testing, you can prepare drawings yourself until the time of manufacture. In order to make a calibrated hole, you need to put a jet of the required diameter in the spherical part of the autonomous structure. To do this, a hole is made, the diameter of which should be less than the outerjet diameter. After that, processing takes place by scanning. At the final stage, the jet is pressed inward, and then carefully polished. If it is necessary to manufacture a burner of impressive power, the nozzle diameter should be increased to a limit of 0.5 mm. As an alternative solution, two small holes can be drilled with a spacing of 7 millimeters or more between them. Once this operation is completed, the boiler downstream burner can be assembled.
Work methodology
If you are thinking about how to make a burner for working out, then you need to make a hole on the side of the nozzle, which should be wide enough to easily ignite the device. The oil heating coil should not be unnecessarily large, about 3 turns will be enough. Finished products are fixed on the mounting plate, and then built into any boiler, which can also be homemade. After completion of the work, it is necessary to connect the fuel and air lines, and then the air and oil supply is provided.
If a burner is made for testing from a cutter, then gravity is the simplest method of supplying fuel, for which the container with used oil must be fixed to the wall, positioned so that the element is above the burner. A tube is laid from the container. When a burner is being used to work out from an airbrush, then a pump is used to pump oil in this case. In this case, even sensors can subsequently be used.control, as well as the control unit. This technology allows you to get a burner that operates in automatic mode. The use of such a device is as safe as possible.
Fuel recommendations
If you decide to transfer the diesel burner to testing, then in the end you can achieve fuel consumption that will not exceed 1 liter per hour. In this case, the work must be done, observing the technology. In this case, the diameter of the air hole should be equal to 0.25 mm. When functioning, black soot should not form, in addition, it will be possible to achieve uniform burning of the torch. If you need to adjust, you will need to move the sphere back or forward. Adjustment can also be achieved by changing the air pressure. Any compressor can handle the injection issue, you can even use the one that was borrowed from the refrigerator. This is due to the fact that the working pressure does not exceed 4 bar.
Conclusion
The burner described in the article is an excellent solution for those who have the opportunity to buy old car oil for next to nothing or very inexpensively. If you have certain skills, you can build this device into a combustion chamber, which has a water jacket and a chimney. This will allow you to get an efficient waste oil boiler.
