Any construction, as you know, begins with the construction of the foundation. It can be performed both by laying a concrete mass in a trench, and with the help of concrete blocks. The dimensions of the FBS block, as a rule, are chosen depending on the degree of load on the foundation and the size of the structure. Also, if there is a need for a certain color solution, for example, you need to highlight the base, then use blocks of different colors: gray, red, yellow, green.
For laying in the base of the house, rectangular FBS foundation blocks are most often used. Dimensions are chosen depending on the length and height of the wall that will rest on them, as well as on its structural system and material. If you plan to build a multi-storey building, then you need to lay a concrete pad under the blocks.
Foundation blocks: sizes and types
Blocks have different markings corresponding to their types, for example: FBS - solid; FBP - hollow, FBV - with a cutout.
The main dimensions of the FBS block is the height, which is practically unchanged for all products made according tostandard (60 cm), width (only four sizes from 30 to 60 cm) and length, which is a multiple of 30 (60, 90, 120 and 240 cm). All these parameters are also indicated in the marking in decimeters (for example, FBS 6-3-6 means that this block is designed for building walls and has parameters of 6 dm in length, 3 dm in width and 6 dm in height). Sometimes the marking also indicates the type of concrete used to make the block: "t" - heavy, "p" - porous, "s" - silicate. All other FBS block sizes can be made to order.
Factory quality for long life
Blocks are selected based on the vertical load, which is determined by calculation at the design stage of the building. Dimensions also depend on the density of the concrete used to cast them. All blocks are reinforced and have special loops, with the help of which it is convenient to transport them and put them in place.
Since the blocks are produced in the factory, this guarantees their high strength and reliability, they are resistant to external influences. However, to prevent the penetration of moisture, it is still recommended to coat the outer side with a waterproofing mixture, especially if there is a possibility of groundwater rising.
Subtleties of mounting a block foundation
Installation of a block foundation compares favorably in terms of construction time, compared with pouring a monolithic one, and also does not require continuous formwork due to the fact that FBS blocks, the dimensions of whichare standard, reduce the number of vertical seams and make it more durable. When calculating the required number of blocks, one should not forget about the multiplicity of 30. If the length of the wall is divided by 30, then you can always choose the number of elements you need. If there is a remainder, then the blocks can be placed, and the voids between them can be sealed with reinforced inserts. The readiness of the foundation for the construction of walls occurs in about a week. All joints between blocks, both horizontal and vertical, are filled with a solution, in which it is recommended to introduce waterproofing additives. The thickness of the solution layer will be affected by the size of the FBS block. To conduct underground utilities (water, sewage, electricity) into the building, small gaps should be left between the elements in pre-planned places so that they are not drilled later.
