Various technologies and materials are used for high-quality home insulation. Thanks to thermal insulation, you can save money, keep a stable temperature in the house. Types of facade insulation for plastering are selected in accordance with the requirements and technical characteristics.
How to insulate?
Thanks to the use of modern technologies, it is possible to increase the resistance to heat transfer of walls several times, while maintaining a normal temperature in the house. First of all, you need to pay attention to the attic, window openings, doors through which heat also escapes, and use additional facade insulation under plaster to protect these places.
Before choosing a material, you need to consider its heat transfer properties and technical characteristics. Although there are many insulation materials on the market, there are two main options: foam and standard fiber. The latter was popular several decades ago, was used to protect the atticfrom the ingress of cold air.
Materials
Foamed facade insulation for plastering is quite light due to the large number of pores that are filled with air. This helps to protect the surface from the penetration of cold flow, while at the same time preventing heat from escaping from the wall surface. Air, due to its low density, is considered a poor conductor of heat and, accordingly, a very good insulator.
Therefore, the technology is popular and used in different countries to create heaters. As for the fibrous material, it consists of fibers of organic or mineral origin. A striking representative of this group is mineral wool, which is used not only for facade insulation, but also for the attic.
It can be purchased in the form of ecowool, dense woolen mats and materials that contain plant elements. If we talk about the parameters of thermal conductivity, then these types of facade insulation for plastering have good technical indicators, but at the same time, the masters distinguish many differences.
As for the price, fiber insulation is a little more expensive due to the natural components in the composition, while foam insulation will be cheaper and more affordable.
Insulation options
The choice of insulation method depends not only on the speed of work, but also on the effectiveness and efficiency. To strengthen the external walls, the craftsmen advise using the wet facade method or bondedthermal insulation. It is suitable for both one-story and multi-story buildings, it is very effective in cold weather, as it protects well from freezing.
The ventilated façade is valued for its porous surface and the ability of the walls to "breathe". Warm plaster is considered a modern technology that has come into vogue in the last few years. Efficiency and durability, as well as the degree of protection from the cold, depend on the choice of the method of attaching the insulation to the facade of the house under plaster.
Wet facade technology
The point is the combined fastening of insulated elements to the surface. Mechanical and standard glue method can be used. A thin layer of plaster is applied on top of the slab, which is reinforced with a plastic or fiberglass mesh, which not only strengthens the facade, but also helps protect against temperature changes.
Wet façade technology can be made using both foam elements and glass wool. Masters for facade insulation recommend the use of foam elements, since they are quite light, dense and well protect the walls from the cold. Also, the material has good vapor permeability and water resistance, which has a good effect on the durability of the coating.
The low price of the material is taken into account, when compared with mineral wool, this is one of the best insulation for the facade under plaster. If you use cotton wool with this method, then the steam and heat that will come out of the walls will not be able to penetratethrough a dense layer of fibers and will linger there, over time, fungus and mold will form, destroying the insulation system from the inside.
Therefore, here the masters additionally use special vapor barriers that are installed between the wall surface and the insulation. This helps to increase the durability of the material and increase the effectiveness of protection from the cold. The only advantage that wool has in comparison with foam insulation is its incombustibility.
Ventilated facade technology
This type differs from the rest by the presence of a ventilation gap between the wall surface and the insulation. The gap width varies from 20 to 25 mm. There are also special openings at the top and bottom through which air can enter and exit.
Due to the natural ventilation of the insulation, the surface remains dry and does not deteriorate. Plate-shaped dowels are used to fasten mineral wool. To protect against heat loss and the negative impact of the environment, the surface of mineral wool fiber boards is covered with a windproof layer.
If we talk about price indicators, then this technology is considered one of the most expensive, but the coating is of high quality and durability. As for the density of the insulation for the facade under the plaster, the mineral wool has the highest performance among other options.
Warm plaster technology
Based on a mixture of low density mineral and porous granules. It could be foam. Thermal conductivity,the level of vapor permeability and water absorption parameters of the granules determine the high properties of warm plasters.
The advantage of warm plaster is that one layer can create both insulation and a finishing surface. The thermal insulation performance is low due to the thin coating layer, and according to the masters, it is impossible to create a contour using only 1 plaster, so additional materials are used.
This type is suitable for walls made of cellular concrete, ceramic blocks, materials that themselves have low thermal conductivity, in the structure of which there is compressed air and it does not allow cold streams to penetrate from outside to inside the room. Thanks to warm plaster, the possibility of moisture condensation in the structure is excluded.
If we compare which insulation for the facade under plaster is better, then you need to look at the technical characteristics of the main surface. Based on this, choose a material for protection against low temperatures.
Step by step instructions
To insulate walls in this way, decorative plaster for the facade, a primer for the treated surface, and a plaster mixture are required. As for tools, a mortar container, a special grater for plaster will come in handy to level the surface. A spatula and a reinforcing mesh are also used. May require a trowel, sandpaper, a special level to level the surface and a drill with a mixer to beat the basic mixtures.
To begin with, the walls are aligned, the quality of the insulation layer depends on this indicator andthe density of its fit to the surface.
Since the foam is mounted in separate plates, the surface must be perfectly flat. For fixing the foam, plinth strips and beacons are used. Glue is applied to the sheet, after which the foam is installed on the profile and pressed against the lighthouse as much as possible.
To align the rows, you can tap the sheets with a rule, but do not do this too hard so that there are no dents on the surface. The gaps between the sheets should be minimal and the same. The second row is set to 1 and so on until the end. Be sure to check the level of the plates. After the glue has dried, special dowels are installed using a perforator, then the mortar is mixed to create a plaster.
Further, a plaster mesh is mounted, glued and primed. After drying, the surface is rubbed, then the final layer of plaster is applied. When preparing the plaster, it is necessary to monitor its consistency, it should be dense, but without lumps and with a uniform texture.
Applying decorative plaster
The process is carried out in stages, it is necessary to allow each layer to dry well. It is advisable to finish the surface in dry time, when there is no precipitation and there is no high humidity in the air. Each layer of plaster is applied after the previous one has completely dried.
When using bas alt insulation for a facade under plaster, one must remember the importance of leveling during the application process. Without this, the plaster will lay unevenly. Once the mixture has been applied,grouting stage. Thanks to this, the surface is corrected, irregularities are removed, imperfections are smoothed out.
Insulation with mineral wool
For starters, the work surface is cleared and smoothed. Be sure to remove the remnants of the old coating and metal parts, because under the layer of insulation they will begin to rust and thereby spoil the surface. A layer of old plaster must also be removed.
Cords are assigned the boundaries along which the insulation will pass. They are installed around the perimeter of the building. The gap between the insulation and the surface must be at least 1 centimeter, to fix the layers of mineral wool, special profiles are used.
A good alternative to standard mineral wool will be TechnoNIKOL insulation for facade plastering, which has good thermal insulation properties. Next, glue is prepared, with which the seams will be sealed and the cotton wool itself will be processed. It should not be too much so that the fibers do not absorb the residue.
After application, the mineral wool is covered with a reinforced mesh to maintain the shape of the layer. Next, an adhesive base is applied over the grid, the surface is rubbed.
In the process of searching for the best insulation for the facade under plaster, they pay attention not only to price indicators and durability, but also to technical characteristics. Before insulating a house, you should definitely consult with the masters to choose the best solution and the right technology.
