One of the important rules in the design of the sewerage system is the absence of an unpleasant smell inside the room. To do this, special measures are taken to block the reverse flow of air from the riser. Siphons are mounted on plumbing fixtures, which have water locks. However, this is not always enough. One of the effective means is the installation of a sewer aerator.
Aerator operation principle
Before you begin to deal with the purpose and design features, you should ask what are the reasons for the air to enter the apartment from the central riser. The main source of this is waste collection points, to be more precise, plumbing fixtures. Air masses move through their outlet pipe. This phenomenon suggests pressure in the riser pipe.
To identify the cause, it is recommended to consider an example of the functioning of a toilet bowl in a house or apartment. Oftenit is he who causes unwanted air exchange. If a volley of liquid is discharged from the tank in a large volume, then this will entail excess pressure. As a result of this movement, the pressure in the riser will increase. The entire volume of water will be in a vertical pipe, and then it will rush down. There will be an insufficient amount of air, part of which will go through the pipes under pressure. The pressure distribution will be uneven, gas leakage will cause uneven pressure distribution under the liquid layer.
In siphons, water locks will not be able to contain pressure and gas, the last of which will enter the room. This leak must be compensated, for which the pipe should be brought to the roof - the lack of air will come from there. But if this technique does not work, then the fence will be carried out from pipes connected to the riser. The outlet pipes of the devices will be able to compensate for the discharged pressure. Part of the smell from the sewer will penetrate inside. In order to eliminate this phenomenon, a sewer aerator is used.
What else you need to know about the features of the aerator
The above device is installed in order to prevent the ingress of gases during the occurrence of excessive pressure inside the premises. If such devices are installed at the calculated points of the pipeline and at the end ends of the risers, then the internal low pressure will be maintained until stabilization. If a vacuum occurs, then the aerator will start its work, a special valve will be involved in it, ensuring the flowair to balance external and internal pressure.
Thus, the sewer aerator performs two main functions. But for the correct operation of the device, it is important to know how to install and at what point in the line a certain model of a vacuum valve is required. When the internal sewage systems began to be equipped, a need arose for the installation of aerators. For stable operation, it is required to ensure air exchange of the line with the medium. This role is played by a riser that extends above the roof. If you follow the standards, then it should be located at a height of at least 500 mm. But the distance to the nearest window structures can be 5 m.
Work protection
The sewage aerator is protected from debris, for this a deflector is installed at its end. In winter, there is a possibility of ice formation. This can happen due to the temperature difference, because the air is heated by sewage, the temperature difference causes the formation of condensate. If there is a negative temperature outside, the condensate will turn into ice. The sewage aerator will be reduced in diameter, there will be a difference in internal pressure, which will be the result of a lack of air supply.
Specialist recommendation
In order to eliminate the above problems, the riser is taken out to the attic, while it will not come into contact with the street, but the unpleasant smell will spread throughoutroom. The aerator will eliminate this problem, because the gases will be retained in the pipe, which will become a protection. In addition, the function of an air valve will be performed, which serves to stabilize the pressure.
About the working principle from a constructive point of view
Why do we need an aerator in the sewer, it was described above. But in order to understand how this device copes with the tasks assigned to it, it is necessary to become more familiar with the principle of operation in terms of design. When a large volume of water descends, a vacuum occurs in the system. The aerator at this time raises the rod with the membrane, it opens the holes located on the side. Through them, the required amount of air enters the sewerage system, during which the pressure is equalized.
As soon as the column of water goes inside the riser, the membrane rod goes down. The holes on the sides are blocked, the air stops flowing in, and the aerator device equalizes the pressure and does not allow the smell to enter the premises. Installing an aerator on the sewer should be carried out taking into account certain recommendations.
When choosing a device, pay attention to the installation method. On sale you can find units designed for vertical and horizontal risers. It is also important to ask about the power of the device, because it is this parameter that will determine the volume of air that can pass through the system at a time. At the same time, it is better not to be stingy, butprefer a better model.
Aerator diameters
Aerator for sewage 110 mm is one of the modifications of such devices. Devices can differ not only in their internal structure, but also externally, in addition, they are combined according to the principle of operation. The most common aerators are 110 and 50 mm.
The first option can be installed on a public sewer that goes to the attic. An aerator can be installed on an auxiliary riser in the bathroom of an apartment or a private house, while one of the units should be located in the attic. A 50 mm sewer aerator valve should be located near plumbing fixtures. This format is designed to serve one or two pieces of equipment.
The device must be installed if the length of the horizontal pipe is impressive enough. This recommendation also applies to the case when the transition of pipes of different diameters is carried out. In order to ensure the correct operation of the fixture, the pipe must be given a horizontal slope.
Expert advice
Professionals do not advise exposing a vacuum sewer aerator to excessive load. This would be true if the appliance were to be installed on the waste pipe of a dishwasher or washing machine. That is why the unit must be located on top of the sewer riser.
Installation features
Aerator for sewage, the principle of which wasdescribed above, must be installed in rooms that will be operated at an air temperature of at least 0 °C. If the temperature is lower, the device may fail, freezing. It is important to ensure that the room where the appliance is to be installed is well ventilated.
If the ventilation in the toilet or bathroom is not so intense, then additional installation of the device will be required. It is important to guarantee free access to the installation site of the aerator. This requirement is due to the need for maintenance or replacement. The aerator should be installed at the highest point, 10 cm above the plumbing fixtures, on the left. If there are drains on the floor, then the minimum height of the valve will be 35 cm.
