The durability of the floor in the house depends on how its base is equipped. Currently, there are many new materials and technologies, but quite often they use the classic way, laying logs for the floor.
Design
Logs are bars that are placed under the finishing floor. Before mounting the floor on the bars, it is necessary to remove the layer of earth with vegetation. After that, the base is rammed, gravel (40 mm) is poured on top, then concrete is poured. Be sure to lay a layer of waterproofing, and on top - a cement-concrete screed. Logs for the floor are located at a small distance from each other.
The bars must be at least 2 meters long. If they are short, they are joined to the ends. Logs for the floor size are as follows: their width
is 80-100mm and the thickness is 20-30mm.
Bars can be laid on concrete posts. They are also mounted by fixing with anchors. The evenness of the laying of the bars is checked by a rail with a level.
The screws should be 2.5 times thicker than the lag. To prevent splittingwood, you need to make a hole for the screw less than 2 cm.
Benefits:
- load on the floor with lags is distributed evenly;
- underground space, which has at least 10 cm, is ventilated;
- you can arrange communications under the floor;
- easy installation;
- design durability;
- a little cost.
Usually, floor joists are made from softwoods of the second and third grades. All wooden bars are treated with an antiseptic. The underfloor needs to be cleared of debris.
Stages of rough flooring
- Installation starts from the corner of the room.
- The first row of boards is attached to the wall.
- The second row is laid, shifting by 2 lags.
- The plinth is reinforced after all the boards have been laid.
When mounting a classic floor, the logs must be laid. It should be noted that it is impossible to save on beams. In some places, where, for example, there will be a stove, the floor is additionally strengthened. Beams are isolated from the foundation with roofing material. Having laid the subfloor, cover the insulation with a single piece. Currently, there is a wide choice of materials for thermal insulation.
Leveling floors in old houses
Often the floors in old houses are uneven, with drops. It is difficult to regulate them, since it is not always possible to pour the screed onto the base. In this case, adjust the bars for the floor. For this, bolts are screwed into them. Usually 5 pieces are needed for a two-meter log. Calculate the distance betweenbars and make markings. Holes are drilled in the ceilings, the logs are leveled and the dowel-nails are driven in. Then lay the finishing floor. Getting rid of roughness, the wooden surface is cycled with sandpaper. Then polished with fine-grained sandpaper. To do this, use a special grinding machine. To increase the life of the floor, it is protected with a special coating: parquet varnish, oil impregnation or wax mastic.
Tools for the job:
- straight line;
- level;
- saw;
- hacksaw;
- hammer;
- chisel;
- screwdriver;
- wrench;
- cutting machine.
Conclusion
Years of experience in construction have proven that wood is the ideal flooring. Logs are an important element in the design of a classic floor. With the help of bars, a strong frame is created for leveling the surface.
