Do-it-yourself sewing machine repair may often not be required at all, sometimes adjusting the tension of the upper and lower threads is sufficient. Usually, repair work is associated with a violation of the operating conditions recommended by the manufacturer, as well as non-compliance with the rules for selecting threads and needles. The purpose of household sewing machines is to sew light fabrics, but not thick and coarse fabrics. There is also a requirement for sewing needles - their sharpness must be sufficient, and the thickness must correspond to the thickness of fabrics and threads. The sewing machine requires periodic cleaning and lubrication. Repair of household sewing machines is not required if you follow all the rules for their operation. This condition is indispensable for flawless and long-term operation of the device.
Main producers
Repair of the Podolsk sewing machine with electric or manual drive is easy to do with your own hands, since usually there is only a need for minor adjustments andadjustment. Equipment of this type is very reliable, the shuttle has such a structure that the position will not go astray, and this allows you not to make constant adjustments. The characteristic of sewing machines is such that breakdowns can be different. It is quite rare that you have to set the correct position of the needle bar, but it is easy to do it yourself, that is, there is no need for the services of a master. Before proceeding with troubleshooting work, it is necessary to remove traces of oil and thread lint accumulated on it.
Operation of the sewing machine can sometimes be accompanied by such a nuisance as skipped stitches. This phenomenon has quite simple reasons: an incorrectly installed needle, the thread and needle size are selected incorrectly for this fabric, the thread tension is incorrectly adjusted, the needle is bent or blunt. A fairly common cause of skipped stitches is a failure of the settings or parameters of the shuttle mechanism. The shuttle nose does not fit the needle in time, or the gap between the needle and the hook nose is excessively large. In this case, a complex repair is to be carried out, it is necessary to adjust the interaction of the needle and the operation of the shuttle.
Sewing machine "Seagull"
Repair of sewing machines "Chaika" is a more complex event, as a feature of this unit is the ability to perform zigzag stitches. This task can only be handled by a qualified and experienced craftsman. However, you can make certain settings and adjustments, that is, independentlyadjust the gap between the needle and the nose of the hook. This setting is the main cause of skipped stitches on this model of sewing machine. You can replace the sewing machine belt with your own hands, as well as adjust its tension correctly.
The main device of any device of this category is the sewing shuttle. The quality of equipment operation, the absence of gaps, thread breakage and other troubles depend on the setting of interaction with the shuttle and the condition of the needle. Its surface should be perfect, it should not have nicks and roughness, rust and other formations. The sewing hook is not repaired if it has nicks or rust. In this case, the only solution to the problem is to replace it. In some cases, it is possible to replace the spring plate, the task of which is to adjust the thread tension.
Needle breakage
Repair of household sewing machines may be required if the machine constantly breaks the needle. This is a sign that they are in need of repair. Sometimes needles break due to the fact that when sewing, the seamstress pulls the fabric with her hand. It is required to slightly increase the pressure on the fabric of the presser foot, and raise the teeth of the rack higher, then the need for “help” to the device will completely disappear. However, the cause of the breakdown is quite often a failure in the operation of the shuttle. In this case, the master must repair the sewing machine with his own hands, set up and adjust the operation of the main equipment assembly.
Don't stand on your ownattempt to troubleshoot problems with the electric pedal. There isn't much to fix there. An engine can be in one of two states: running or not running. If he stopped working, then there will be only one way out - to replace him. The main sign of a burnt engine is the specific smell of burnt electrical wiring.
The device of the sewing machine is such that only a professional master who knows about the features of its device and the electrical circuit that it uses can assemble and disassemble it. And it is professionalism and experience that allow a specialist to quickly cope with the task. Most often, the sewing machine pedal fails due to the fact that the wires are tangled underfoot, frayed, which gradually leads to their failure.
In some cases, it may be necessary to repair the sewing machine with your own hands, for which you need to disassemble the device, that is, remove its plastic case in order to gain convenient access to certain components. Such a need arises quite rarely, in particular, when replacing an electric motor or a drive belt. Sometimes, to replace the first one, it is enough to remove only the bottom and side cover. And to eliminate the jamming of mechanisms, it is required to completely disassemble the equipment.
Loop stitch
Most often, the most difficult repair is associated with such an inconspicuous nuisance as the appearance of periodic loops on the line. The master is sometimes forced to check almost all nodes in order to eliminate it. Most often, the cause of this phenomenon is a notchor a scratch along the path of the thread. If we are talking about the "Seagull" typewriter, then the incorrect setting of the parameters of the shuttle's operation may be the reason. This type of repair turns out to be quite complex, so it is difficult to perform without experience in the relevant field.
Most common problems
Most often, sewing machine malfunctions include breakage, tangling of threads, breakage of needles. This depends, as previously noted, on the thickness and type of threads used, as well as on the width of the gap between the needle and the threader, preset in advance. This problem concerns not only classic sewing machines, but also overlockers. In the latter, the tasks of the threader fall on the loopers, which require precise installation in order to avoid skipped stitches and other troubles. You can pay attention to the appearance of such troubles as stitch stitches or systematic thread breaks. This may be due to too low thread tension in the hook or, on the contrary, too tight, and sometimes the thickness and quality of the thread do not match the material that needs to be processed. All of the listed malfunctions are a frequent occurrence in domestic-made typewriters, in particular, "Podolsk" and "Chaika", and almost never occur in foreign units. In this case, you can repair the sewing machine yourself, but you may encounter more complex problems that require the intervention of qualified specialists.
Detailed description
The upper thread breakage may be due to improper threading or when using threads that are very old and have lost their original characteristics. The thread type and thickness may not match the type of fabric being sewn or the number of needle inserted for the job. This is sometimes associated with a weakening of the bobbin case thread clamp spring, which does not give the necessary thread tension. Repairing Brother sewing machines in this case is quite simple, for this there is a small screw on the cap itself, and in older models this spring is already losing its elasticity, so the right decision would be to purchase a new bobbin case. In addition, if the old machine has been used for a very long time, the thread itself can make cuts in places that need to be polished. This is commonly found on the upper thread tension bar and on the thread clamps.
Bottom thread broken
The first thing that should raise questions is the quality of the thread. If after replacing it nothing changes, then you can look further. In this case, you have a very simple DIY sewing machine repair. It is possible that adjusting the pressure of the thread clamp spring in the bobbin case caused the slot on the head of the adjusting screw to break off, which led to the formation of a notch or it began to protrude further than necessary. The thread-clamping spring of the bobbin case itself could rub so that it became sharp and began to cut the thread. In such a situation, only replacing the bobbin case will correct the situation.
Sometimes the problem is caused by overtightening the thread in the bobbin case. Much depends on the bobbins used, so it is worth changing them more often. Prolonged use leads to their chafing, and when falling even from the table, it is possible to get significant deformations, which affects the quality of the seam. The first sign that a bobbin has gone bad is the repetition of a defective stitch every 5-6 cm. Bobbins often have cracks and nicks resulting from a broken needle, making them completely unusable.
Ugly line
If an ugly stitch is visible, there is uneven thread tension, then it is likely that the bobbin thread was wound without proper tension by the clamp straightener, and this leads to uneven thread winding on the bobbin. During sewing, when unwinding the bobbin, the thread unwinds under different radii, and this is the source of uneven tension, resulting in an ugly stitch. If the thread is wound evenly on the bobbin, then it unwinds evenly. It is impossible to wind the threads manually, as in this case the subsequent scrolls interlock with the previous ones, and this affects the quality of the line worse, because even the spring of the bobbin case, which clamps the thread, is not able to compensate for such uneven winding.
Too little lower thread tension leads to tangles and breaks, the same happens when the top thread is too tight. Do-it-yourself sewing machine repair in this case consistsin adjusting the thread tension. It is required to hold the threaded thread with the bobbin in the cap by the end, let it fall into free fall, making sure that the thread unwinds by no more than 5-6 cm. If this does not happen, then it is necessary to adjust the adjusting screw on the bobbin case.
Between the thread clamp plates of the upper tensioner, the seal may coke over time, which prevents the thread tension from being adjusted to the required value. These are lint from threads that have mixed with dust, machine oil and rust. The thread can stick in this mud and just break. To remove them, use a hard brush, which is included in the kit that accompanies the sewing machine, or use an old toothbrush.
It also happens that the upper thread tension on the machine is set too low or the bobbin thread is too tight. The bobbin case also has a thread take-up plate, so it's worth checking for lint or dirt underneath. All this must be removed if necessary. Despite the fact that the bobbin case is quite simple in terms of device, it also sometimes causes poor quality stitching. Long running times can cause the thread to make a groove under the plate, so it will no longer be tensioned as it should be. In this case, do-it-yourself sewing machine repair is simple - just replace the bobbin case.
If you notice that the thread tension is too strong or too weak, then you need to add or loosen it. If yoursewing experience is not too great, it can be problematic to understand where the top and bottom thread is. It would be most correct to fill the threads of the same number, but in different colors, then the seam will be very clear. By looking at it, it will become clear to you which thread needs to be loosened and which needs to be tightened.
Poor fabric advancement. Stitch irregularity
In this case, adjust the presser foot pressure first. It is necessary to check the horizontal position of the foot, it is possible that it does not press the fabric over the entire area, that is, not completely. The design of the sewing machine is such that sometimes the lifting height of the feed dog does not match the required level. If the rise is too low, then you can observe how the stitch becomes smaller or completely stands still. The teeth should not be in direct contact with the presser foot, only in this case they can be avoided blunting. Place paper or a piece of fabric under the foot. Some models of machines are equipped with a mode for switching the height of the feed teeth to the embroidery mode, you should find this switch, and then switch to the “sewing” mode. Sometimes the lifting height of the presser teeth does not correspond to either the embroidery mode or the sewing mode. Sewing medium-weight fabrics requires that the correct position of the feed dog is one that allows the teeth to fully extend over the surface of the needle plate when it is fully raised. If they are set higher, there is a high chance that the fabric will shrink and shrug, giving a "fit" effect.
Needle breakage
Home sewing machine repairs often involve changing the needle. In this case, it is important to understand what is the cause of its breakdown. It may simply not match the number of the fabric you are sewing. You should visually check if the needle itself is bent, it may also have a bent or broken tip, this is easy to check with a fingernail. When it slides off the point of the needle, it will definitely catch on the burr. Sometimes it turns out that the needle is not fully inserted into the needle holder, that is, not to the full length. Sometimes the needle, when sewing with a straight line, is not in the center position, but somewhere to the left or right of the center, and when sewing in a zigzag, it breaks. In this case, it is necessary to check the curvature of the thread guide and needle clamp. It is possible that the second has shifted from his level. You can set it to the desired position experimentally. And it does not matter what kind of sewing machine you have, the instructions for it in any case do not contain such specific information.
When sewing, it is strictly forbidden to pull the fabric with your hand, this leads to only one result: it carries the needle along with it, which rests on the needle plate, which leads to breakage of the first. In this case, you need to figure out why the fabric in your machine does not advance well.
Skip stitches on the sewing machine may be due to the wrong needle setting, for example, backwards, or the tip of the hook threader is unable to catch the upper thread. Sometimes the cause is the bluntness of the tip of the needle, or it can break off completely, andthe needle may be bent. It must be checked by rotating it through the light to make sure there are no defects. If they are, then there is only one solution - replacing the needle. When buying needles, it is also important to be careful, as they may be intended for other models of machines, that is, they belong to some special standard that does not suit you.
It is possible that some sewing machine parts are out of order. For example, the operation of the upper needle part and the shuttle could be out of sync. In this case, you must contact the workshop or call a specialist. It is quite possible to repair Singer sewing machines at home, but it all depends on the complexity of the breakdown and your level of knowledge associated with this problem. You can spend a lot of time on the experimental selection of the position of the components and mechanisms of the device.
Herringbone and dots
Many DIYers have favorite questions about equipment repair. In the case of sewing machines, they may relate to the appearance of a herringbone instead of a stitch and the visibility of "dots" from the top thread. There is only one answer to these questions - you need to use threads of suitable thickness. It doesn’t matter if you use a foot sewing machine or an electric one, a problem can appear at any time. It is worth noting that on industrial shirts you can see beautiful even lines, where you can see the thread is much thinner than the store "forty". In our stores it is difficult to find high-quality threads with a thicknessless than No. 50. With a stitch length of 3 on suit fabrics, thread No. 40 gives a perfect stitch on any equipment. And when you try to flash thin silk with it, problems arise in the form of a “herringbone”, which is visible in all its glory, regardless of the features of the shuttle used.
Electric drive
Electric sewing machine is characterized by the fact that it includes such an important component as an electric drive. This part of it is the most important, so if the engine fails, the repair is quite expensive. However, sometimes it is enough to replace the sewing machine belt. It will cost less even taking into account the services of the master. Replacing a sewing machine pedal is also not too expensive. The most expensive will be the repair of the motor itself, it is often more expedient to buy a new device. Replace the sewing machine belt if it breaks. But in any case, before proceeding with the elimination of any troubles, it is necessary to understand the causes of the breakdown.
Of course, not all malfunctions can be fixed by hand. And the list indicated here is far from complete, but with a certain desire, everything can be done quite quickly. Having the necessary spare parts for sewing machines, you can easily complete all the work.
