Practical training is the key to successful specialist education. You can’t become a real turner just by studying theory from textbooks. Here it is necessary first of all to learn how to work behind the machine. For this purpose, back in the 80s of the last century, the production of the TV-6 screw-cutting lathe was launched. It was produced at the Rostov plant of training and machine equipment. This machine was made to teach the basics that every turner should know. This model could be found in many schools and special educational institutions.
Destination
The TV-6 lathe was designed to teach the basics of turning. Therefore, no transcendental characteristics should be expected from him. The machine is suitable for the most simple operations:
Preparation of holes
Trimming
Cut off part of the workpiece
Executionmetric thread
Boring parts having a cylindrical (conical) shape
The TV-6 lathe (“schoolboy”, as it is also called) can only work with non-ferrous metals and steel. This choice is explained by the fact that the material during processing should not emit volatile compounds and dust that have a detrimental effect on others.
Key Features
The TV-6 lathe at the first inspection surprises with its small size. With a weight of 300 kilograms, its length is 144 cm, width - 47 cm, height - 110 cm. Thanks to this, the machine fits perfectly even in small workshops.
Small dimensions result in small parts that can be machined. The unit allows you to work with a part whose length does not exceed 35 cm. At the same time, turning is possible at an interval whose length is not more than 30 cm. If we talk about height, parts with a diameter of up to 20 cm can be processed above the bed. Above the support, this value is only 8 centimeters.
The main characteristics in comparison with other units can be seen in the photo below.
TV-6 lathe device
Better understanding of the capabilities of the device will help understanding of what components and mechanisms the unit consists of. After all, it is the design that provides the specified technical characteristics.
The design is represented by the following main mechanisms:
Table (conditionally divided into two parts)
Security screen
Gearbox
Apron
Grandma (the front and back are also conventionally distinguished)
Stand
Guitar
Electric motor
Trough
The 6-speed gearbox is the front hub. A shaft is attached to it, which transmits rotation from the engine. For this, a belt drive is used. The direction of movement of the cutter holder is changed by a special mechanism installed in the box. It is adjustable with a handle. When it is turned, the gear moves to one of the extreme positions. If the gear wheel rotates to the left, then a forward rotation process occurs. This process involves a block of gears. If the gear wheel moves to the right position, it rotates in the opposite direction. Protects the rear assembly from radial runout. In addition, it allows you to machine holes with a drill.
Let's analyze the device of the TV-6 screw-cutting lathe in more detail. To do this, consider its main mechanisms and components (their principle of operation and device) separately.
Chestbox
The design of the lathe divides the cabinet into two parts: front and back. They have a similar but different device.
The front cabinet is assembled in the shape of the letter "P". To make the structure more durable, stiffeners are mounted on the top and bottom. Behind the pedestal is the engine. It is turned on (off) by pressingbutton, which is located in front of the cabinet.
The difference of the rear pedestal is that its design includes an electrical panel instead of a motor.
Guitar and gearbox
Guitar is called the transmission mechanism of gears. It is necessary to transmit movement from the main shaft directly to the box. The guitar is a bracket with gears attached to it. The TV-6 lathe has a fixed gear ratio of one-fourth.
The guitar transmits rotation to the gearbox. It, in turn, consists of the following parts:
Shaft (2 pcs.)
Gears (5 pieces with different characteristics)
Coupling
Block gear
Drain plug
Running roller
Setting handle (2 pcs.)
Thread parameters are determined by changing the settings of the handle, which is located on the front side of the gearbox. When it rotates (and it has 3 positions), the gear block moving along the splines engages another gear. On the panel of the box is another handle that starts the roller and propeller.
Apron
The apron is needed to feed the caliper from the running roller (screw) mechanically or manually. If you need to feed manually, you should rotate the handwheel, which is located on the pinion shaft. The latter is connected with the gear, which is located on the pinion gear shaft.
The worm, connected by means of a sliding key to the roller, providesmechanical feed. It transmits the movement to the worm gear. From it, along the next gear and cam clutch, the movement is transmitted to the rack and pinion. The cam clutch is connected to the handle, the rotation of which results in a power feed.
Support
The installation of cutters in the TV-6 metal lathe is carried out thanks to the caliper. Due to the presence of 4 slides (carriages), the cutters move:
Along the guides in the axial direction
In the direction perpendicular to the movement of the first carriage
Axially along the guides of the third slide
Carriages are installed sequentially, that is, on top of each other. The part is fixed on the fourth carriage using a special mechanism. When the handle is turned, the mechanism is pressed out, and its position is fixed with a pin.
Grandma
The second end of the part, when processed on a TV-6 lathe, is fixed using the tailstock. It has a base and a body, due to which it is attached to the guides of the bed. On them, the grandmother carries out the movement. Inside, due to the flywheel, the quill moves in the longitudinal direction. Drills, cartridges and other tools are inserted into the inner hole of the quill, shaped like a cone.
Reviews
The TV-6 lathe is a wonderful representative of the times of the Soviet Union. Made in the eighties of the last century, it is still found. And many users are not going to refuse it. It's reliabledurable machine that performs its functions well.
When deciding to buy this model of a lathe, experienced users are advised to answer two main questions for themselves:
How accurate is needed
What kind of work is planned to be performed on the machine
Of course, modern imported analogues bypass the TV-6 machine in terms of accuracy. But if you need to remove a thicker layer of metal, then you will not find equal "schoolboy".
As for the second question, the machine is not capable of doing all the work. For example, as noted by some of the users, the machine failed to sharpen the pipe for cutters. To expand the functionality, you will need a set of interchangeable gears that are necessary for threading with a cutter. They will allow you to change the step size if necessary.
Among the shortcomings, one can name the fact that the machine is powered by an electrical network with a voltage of 380 V. If there is no power line at home, then the machine must be redone for 220 V. Another disadvantage of this lathe is that it makes a very loud noise during operation. But on the other hand, if you install it in your private yard, then there will be no problems with this.
As you can see, the domestic lathe for working with metal TV-6, which was produced for the purpose of teaching turning skills, has found its application in everyday life. It is used by many lovers to make useful homemade products with their own hands. This is a reliable, durable unit, which, even after almost four decades, is in demand.
