Orchid diseases occur in a variety of ways: viral, bacterial and fungal. Often they are affected by fungal diseases and rot due to excessive watering and an excess of moisture in the core of the plant. But besides this, there are other diseases of orchids, consider them.
Viral diseases of orchids
Spotting of plants, both flowers and leaves in the form of a mosaic - the appearance of small spots in the form of arrows, stripes, circles. Orchids of the genus Cymbidium, Cattleya, Odontoglossum, Phalaenopsis and Vanda are most often affected. Diseased plants must be destroyed (it is better to burn), because for other plants they are already a source of infection. Or until a diagnosis is established (viral disease or not), the flower should be isolated from the rest.
Fungal diseases of orchids
Fusarial rot.
With this disease, the leaves turn yellow, become a dark gray hue. The leaf acquires a soft, loose structure and the surface is covered with spores of the fungus in the form of a pale pink bloom. On theIn the affected leaves, the edges curl, the central shoot dies and rots. Orchids of the genus Miltonia, Epidendrum are most often affected.
Methods of struggle - watering and spraying the plant 3 times a day with a 0.2% solution of foundationol. After 10 days, the procedure is repeated.
Black Rot.
From fungal infections, rot develops on orchids due to damage to the plant by pests or rotting of the roots due to improper care (from raw and cold content). The disease affects orchids of the genus Paphiopedilum and Cattleya. Rotten parts of the orchid, as well as dead roots, are removed with a sterilized knife (alcohol or fire), the sections are sprinkled with fungicide powder or crushed charcoal, and the plant is transplanted into a fresh, moist orchid substrate. After that, a favorable microclimate is created for him, placing him in a warm place where young roots will quickly begin to sprout.
Root rot.
Leaves and roots become soft, acquiring a dark brown hue, and rot as a result. This is due to excess moisture and high air temperature. Orchids of the genus Cymbidium, Miltonia, Paphiopedilum are most often affected.
Ways to fight - watering with 0.2% topsin or 0.2% foundationazole 3 times a day with an interval between waterings of 10 days.
Anthracosis.
Brown spots of different sizes with small dots are formed on the shoots and leaves of plants, the ends of the leaves are affected by dark brown streaks. As a result, the leaves are completely covered with spots and die. The development of the disease is due tohigh humidity and high temperature. Orchids of the genus Dendrobium, Cattleya, Cymbidium are most susceptible to the disease.
Control methods: the affected leaves are removed, the plant is completely sprayed with a fungicide (2-3 times a month every 10 days), 1 time per month - as a preventive measure. At the same time, watering is reduced and the leaves are not sprayed during the week.
Bacterial diseases of orchids, photo attached.
Bacterial rot (brown).
Young leaves begin to hurt - watery spots of light brown color appear, which then increase and darken. The disease occurs at high humidity and low air temperature. Most of all, these are diseases of orchids Phalaenopsis, Cymbidium, Paphiopedilum, Cattleya.
The treatment is the same as for black rot. The leaves cannot be watered. For prevention, spray once a month with copper sulphate.
Orchid diseases are non-infectious
Leaf spot.
The appearance of brown wet spots on the leaves is the first cause of non-infectious spotting, which was formed due to uneven watering, excessive sunlight.
Ways to fight - the affected leaves are removed, the plant is sprayed.
After analyzing what kind of disease, the diseased plant requires appropriate care - treatment with certain solutions or removal of diseased leaves. If these are viral diseases, then it should be secluded so that other he althy plants do not become infected. And mostThe most important thing an orchid lover should know is to keep the core of the orchid dry and protected from excess moisture.
