Grapes are an extremely useful, and at the same time very tasty berry, which can be grown anywhere in Russia. However, in order to get a he althy plant that gives a good harvest, you need to have certain knowledge. So, let's consider how to plant grapes with cuttings in the spring correctly. Which landing method should be preferred?
Choice variety
When deciding which grapes to plant from cuttings, it is necessary to take into account the resistance of a particular variety to pests, diseases, and adverse weather conditions. It is best to give preference to those varieties that are famous for stable fruiting, good pollination and ovary strength. So, when choosing grapes for planting, you should pay attention to varieties that bring juicy, sweet and large fruits: "delight", "harold", "galbena nou", "arcadia" and "aladdin", "impulse", "gadahad", "Kishmish No. 342", "Nadezhda AZOS", "Kodryanka", "Friendship", "Timur", "Lora".
Blankcuttings
He althy cuttings of selected varieties should be harvested during spring pruning. The ends must be dipped in melted paraffin, wrapped in damp material and laid on a shelf as close to the ground as possible.
Get cuttings should be on the eve of spring. Determine where they have the top and bottom and cut off the bottom with a knife. It is important that the cut passes under the lower kidney. Using an awl, make 3 longitudinal notches between the two lower buds of the cutting. It is from the places of notches and the lower kidney that the root system will develop.
Features of keeping cuttings in spring
Immerse the cuttings for three days in a container with a solution of honey (2 tbsp honey per 2.5 liters of water). This will wake them up from their winter hibernation. Next, plant the cuttings in plastic bottles, the soil in which should consist of earth, sawdust and humus, taken in equal amounts. During planting, it is necessary to ensure that the 2 lower buds are in the soil, and two more are above it. Then you need to moisten and compact the mixture a little in the bottle and put the planted cuttings on the windowsill, located on the sunny side.
Plants should be watered with settled water every three days. After watering, the soil must be loosened. A month later, the buds will swell, leaves will appear. Soon it will be time to plant them in open ground.
Pick up time
Many inexperienced gardeners are wondering when to plant grapes with cuttings? The best time for landing is considered to be early spring. Moreover, the eventshould be carried out until the process of juice movement has begun in the plant.
Mound beds or trenches?
The way in which the grapes are planted by cuttings is of great importance and directly affects the yield of the crop. If priority is given to reliable protection of this heat-loving plant from winter frosts, trenches or boxes should be preferred. The pit method has undeniable advantages:
- the roots of the plant are located deep, and therefore they will not freeze in winter;
- it is much more convenient to cover vines in trenches;
- watering grapes in summer is more economical and convenient;
- return frosts are not terrible for the plant in spring.
When grapes don't get enough heat in the summer, you should choose bulk ridges:
- in spring, the roots begin to warm up earlier and throughout the season receive the amount of heat they need;
- bushes are well protected from flooding;
- fighting weeds is much easier this way;
- grapes are provided with excellent air conditions.
How to plant grapes with cuttings in spring in areas where groundwater is deep enough, or in regions that are characterized by snowless winters? In this case, it is worth giving preference to landing in trenches. In areas with insufficiently warm summers, stable snow cover, as well as close-lying groundwater, the best harvest can be obtained by growing grapes in ridges.
Pit landings
Beforeto plant grapes with cuttings (in spring), it is necessary in advance, from autumn, to start preparing a trench. It is recommended to place the ditches in a north-south direction, in which case the sun will illuminate the plant well enough from all sides throughout the day. The width and depth of the ditches should average half a meter.
To fill the pits, it is necessary to prepare the soil mixture. To do this, mix equal amounts of humus, the top layer of garden soil, gravel and coarse sand. It is also required to add mineral fertilizers with potassium sulfate and superphosphate to the mixture, and most of the top dressing should be located at the bottom of the pit, which ensures the best nutrition of the roots.
When filling the trench, it is necessary to lightly tamp it with your feet, and at the end of the process, pour the earth with a solution of potassium permanganate. Grapes will be sweeter and more fragrant if the bottom of the trench is lined with a layer of small stones or coarse sand, which provides better soil aeration.
When installing cuttings in planting holes, it is recommended to use pegs, thanks to which the plant will grow more evenly, and it will be easier to tie it up. On sandy soils, the root system of grapes should be buried half a meter, while on clay soils - 20 cm.
Proper planting of grapes involves sprinkling the roots of the plant with soil mixture, the layer of which should be 10 cm. Grapes should be covered from abovemulch, and then cover the trench with foil. Such conditions contribute to more rapid heating of the soil, as a result of which the shoots will develop well. You need to remove the film with the onset of warm days, while sprinkling the bushes with soil mixture.
Planting in the ridges
When planting grapes in bulk beds, the roots of the plant gradually grow deeper and wider, being in favorable water, air and temperature conditions. Loose soil provides the best aeration of the roots, in which oxygen access is carried out regardless of environmental factors. And on rainy days, the root system is well protected from waterlogging. As with creating a trench, soil preparation is required for the ridges. To this end, it is necessary to mix the gravel-sand mass, humus and loam in equal proportions, add superphosphate, as well as potassium sulfate.
The most optimal width of the ridges is 1 meter, and the height is 0.3 m. In order to provide the roots with good protection from frost, it is recommended to make the slopes gentle. At the same time, if the winter is not snowy and is accompanied by severe frosts, then the ground is likely to freeze. In order to keep the roots of the plant from freezing, it is advisable to cover the slopes with corrugated cardboard.
Pipe segments should be installed in the mounds of the earth, the diameter of which should be about 30 cm, this is necessary in order to feed the grapes and water them to bring maximum benefit to the plant. In order to improve the air regime of the soil, it is useful to strengthen the slopes with empty bottles, sticking their necks intosoil.
Caring for grapes in the spring after planting
Grapes are a capricious crop that requires special attention and care. Grape care should begin immediately after planting. So, what should be the care of grapes in spring?
Since a sufficient amount of fertilizer was applied to the soil when planting the bushes, there is no need for additional feeding during this period. The main thing is to monitor the condition of the earth, to prevent it from drying out, for which it is recommended to regularly water this berry crop. Caring for grapes in the spring also involves loosening the soil and destroying weeds on it. That, perhaps, is all that includes the concept of spring care for grapes in the first months of his life.
Prevention of plant pests, protection from diseases, pruning, shelter for the winter - this is only a small part of what a novice gardener who decides to grow grapes will have to face. However, all these activities are carried out in the following months of the plant's life.
If you clearly know how to plant grapes with cuttings in the spring, and even provide the plant with the required care, then you can safely count on the fact that soon you will certainly enjoy the tasty and he althy fruits of this crop.
