Such a fruit and berry crop as grapes, which not every gardener dares to grow even in the middle lane, has taken root very well, oddly enough, in Bashkiria. Despite the fact that this region is a zone of risky farming with a rather harsh climate and unfavorable soil conditions, many gardeners have achieved excellent results when growing this heat-loving crop in these parts. Moreover, grapes in Bashkiria are not a small, tasteless berry, but large and very sweet clusters. In order to achieve excellent yields of this magnificent berry in the harsh climatic conditions of the republic, first of all, you should choose a zoned variety that is bred in accordance with the weather conditions of this unkind region and is adapted to the Bashkir climate.
Where to buy a suitable variety in Bashkiria?
These grapes are bred in Bashkiria, which are adapted to grow both in a harsh climate and on heavy soils, in a breeding center. It is located on the territory of the Research Institute of Agriculture, in the Kushnarenko Experimental Garden.
In the event that a summer resident has a desire to become a winegrower, it is worth buying seedlings only there. This will guarantee that the grown crop will not only meet all the requirements, but also annually delight with a magnificent harvest of berries that taste great.
Regionated varieties of Bashkir grapes
Among the varieties presented at the “grape farm”, the most popular is Alexander. This is a table, fairly early variety, characterized by high frost resistance. Berries have a dark pink color and a pleasant taste. They are collected in bunches, weighing up to 135 g. The disadvantage is susceptibility to gray rot.
Several other released varieties have similar characteristics. Among them are such as Bashkir, Anniversary, Friendship, May-3. But such hybrids as R-65, R-81, hybrid No. 342 differ in the size of the bunch, which reaches half a kilogram in weight. These grape varieties for Bashkiria are very popular and every year they delight gardeners with an excellent harvest.
Why are grapes planted in Bashkiria in spring?
The best time to plant this capricious and unadapted to the harsh northern conditions of the berry crop is spring, the month of May. After all, if these works are carried out in the fall, as is done in many more southern regions, not quite rooted seedlings, having gone into the winter, can easily freeze in the harsh northern conditions. Therefore, the best option is to plant grapes in Bashkiria in the spring.
It is carried out by two-year-old cuttings or seedlings at a time when sap flow begins at the grape bushes. In Bashkiria, this happens in May, and just at this time the soil at a depth of 30 cm warms up to 10 ° C, which is optimal for grape seedlings.
General sequence of actions when planting grapes
Planting grapes in Bashkiria in the spring is carried out in a certain sequence. Easier it can be expressed as follows:
- Checking the compliance of planting material;
- Preparation for seedlings of planting pits of the required sizes;
- Preparing it for landing;
- Direct landing;
- Seedling care.
What is the preparation of seedlings?
In order to check the suitability of the planting material, you should make a small cut on the seedling (chibouk). Planting grapes in Bashkiria involves using those chibouks that have:
- Vine cut should have green wood.
- The bark has not changed color.
- If you press the eye with your finger, it will disappear.
- When the eye is cut lengthwise, rudimentary leaves are visible in it.
If the vine has a whitish or pale green color in the cut, and there is no moisture, then this indicates that it is dead and not suitable for planting.
Selecting a site and preparing a landing pit
How to choose the righta place for planting, so that growing grapes in Bashkiria brings only joy to the gardener? There are certain rules for this:
- The place that is intended for the future vineyard should be illuminated by the sun most of the day.
- South slope is best for planting.
- There should be no groundwater nearby as the vineyards cannot stand it.
- If you plan to plant several bushes, it is best to arrange them in one row, at a distance of 2 meters from each other. Their length should be from north to south. The distance between rows should be at least a meter.
When gardeners ask how to grow grapes in Bashkiria, it is worth noting that the preparation of the planting pit should be taken very seriously. It should be the same as for a fruit tree. This is very important on soils such as in Bashkiria - poor sandy and heavy clay.
The result of efforts will be felt in a few years - at the time when the seedling will gain full strength and begin to bear fruit. That planting hole, which is intended to grow grapes in Bashkiria, must be very well fertilized. This will help the bush to develop deep roots that are more frost-resistant. Accordingly, the growth force of the plant will increase.
How to properly fill the planting hole
When the goal is to grow grapes in Bashkiria, in these difficult climatic and soil conditions, to filllanding pit when planting seedlings pay special attention. Both the yield of the bush and the size, as well as the taste of the berries, depend on how correctly it is filled.
For everything to be done according to the rules, the bottom of the prepared pit should be filled with compost in the amount of two or three buckets. If clay soil prevails on the site, then two buckets of crushed stone or sand are poured from above, on top of which 400 g of ash and 200 g of superphosphate are scattered. The layers prepared in this way are shoveled with the soil that is at the bottom of the pit.
After that, everything is slightly compacted, and the filling procedure is repeated. Sand and gravel added to planting holes help improve soil drainage and aeration. That part of the fertile land that remains should be poured into the prepared pit without any fertilizers and humus. She will serve as a planting layer for the seedling.
Based on the foregoing, the question of summer residents "how to grow grapes in Bashkiria" can be given an unambiguous answer. Achieving excellent results can only be achieved through proper soil preparation and the choice of an appropriate planting site. We must not forget about the appropriate care of seedlings. Indeed, without it, this heat-loving plant in the harsh climatic conditions of the republic, which is a zone of risky gardening, will be very difficult to grow and begin to bear fruit.
What care is needed for vineyards in Bashkiria?
When growing a crop such as grapes, care in Bashkiria,pruning, spring-summer top dressing and sheltering the vine from too low winter temperatures are a must for the gardener. Be sure to remember that when growing grapes in Bashkiria, the main task is to grow two strong vegetative shoots on a seedling, which will become the basis of the future fruit and berry shrub.
Only thanks to the correct and conscientious implementation of all these procedures, it is possible to achieve a magnificent harvest, which will be no worse than in the southern regions. No wonder they say that grapes grow well in Bashkiria, as long as there is good appropriate care.
