Any professional in the field of construction should know what a commissioning is. The decoding of this abbreviation, as well as several others, will be presented below.
Design and survey work
The three-letter abbreviation - PIR - denotes a set of works for the implementation of engineering surveys, preparation of projects, development of economic and technical justifications and working documentation, preparation of estimate documentation for construction (it may be new or involve reconstruction, as well as expansion). Depending on what conditions are specified in the contract, these works can be carried out either by the general designer or by the design customer. Have you ever wondered what a PNR is? The decoding of the abbreviation is presented in the article. Engineering surveys are carried out to obtain data on the natural conditions of the territory where construction is supposed to be carried out. The information obtained is an important part of the data for the project. Engineeringsurveys are carried out by specialized organizations that have licenses. In some cases, structural subdivisions and organizations, namely survey departments, can act as executors. Have you encountered the concept of "PNR"? The decoding of this abbreviation is presented below.
Depending on the complexity and size of the object being designed, engineering and geological surveys are carried out by one or more organizations. In the second case, one company acts as a general contractor, while the rest perform the functions of a subcontractor. If we consider all cases, then in most of them the entire scope of work for a particular construction is carried out by one organization. If you are interested in decoding PIR, SMR, commissioning, then it is important to read the information below.
If we talk about the first abbreviation, then during the period of economic reforms, most of the survey organizations in Russia became joint-stock companies. Some were divided into small enterprises. An interesting fact is that many of them have not changed their names, leaving the abbreviation TISIZ, which stands for "engineering survey trust".
Research tasks
Initial data and requirements for the results are set in the task, which is issued by the customer or design organization. According to SNiP 11.02-96, five types of surveys can be distinguished. In addition to these five types, engineering surveys include 10 types of work,which are of an auxiliary nature. These include soil research, geotechnical control, risk and hazard assessment from man-made and natural processes. This list is not complete.
What is SMP?
Construction and installation works and commissioning, the decoding of which will be known to you after reading the article, relate to the field of construction. Construction and installation work involves a set of activities that are carried out at the construction site. The end result of such work is a finished structure or a building put into operation. Installation work involves a process that consists of several steps, among them - preparation, main work, auxiliary and transport. At the first stage, the design and estimate documentation is studied and reviewed. If it is missing, then the corresponding companies are engaged in its development. These documents include an agreed and then approved project, estimates and specifications, as well as an explanatory note. Based on the construction and installation works, the cost of materials and all works is calculated, equipment is offered, and the construction time frame is negotiated.
Second stage of construction and installation works
The next step is organizational and technical preparation. In the process of this, a contract is signed, a schedule and financing are negotiated, and the terms for the delivery of equipment are determined. At the same time, it is important to take into account the seasonal factor, which determines the completion of work by the beginning of the period.
Phased construction and installation works
The process of construction and installation work itself involves rough manipulations, namely the laying of the highway, installation of equipment, testing, and so on, which can hold back the start of subsequent work. The next step is finishing work, such as the installation of sensors, actuators and other things. Installation work is carried out in full accordance with technical acts, technology and standards. Specialists carry out quality control at each stage, draw up the necessary documentation. At the fourth stage, individual tests are carried out, installed systems are analyzed.
Commissioning Description
If you are interested in the abbreviation PNR, the decoding of this abbreviation and its meaning is given below. Commissioning is a whole range of manipulations that involves checking, subsequent adjustment and final testing of electrical equipment to ensure the mode and parameters that were set by the project. At the same time, the specialist is guided by sanitary norms and rules. It is important to follow four stages, the first of which is preparatory, the second stage includes commissioning work together with electrical installation work, while the third stage includes individual testing of equipment. The final stage involves testing the equipment. If you are thinking about what a commissioning work is, deciphering the abbreviation in construction will allow you to understand what work is done duringthe need to start and adjust electrical equipment.
Requirements for commissioning
At the second stage, the customer provides power supply in the area of work. If necessary, a pre-installation audit is carried out. Specialists replace defective equipment and supply the missing. At this stage, it is important to eliminate existing defects, trying to identify them in the production process. Based on the results of the tests, a protocol is drawn up, which is transferred to the customer.
Main stages of commissioning
The procedure for preparing estimates for commissioning is determined by the service provider. Whereas the safety requirements in the implementation of commissioning and electrical work are provided by the head of the latter. If commissioning works are carried out according to a combined schedule on different functional groups and devices, such manipulations are coordinated with the heads of electrical work. The ratio of commissioning and construction work must be taken into account by the service provider.
Instead of a conclusion
When the third stage is done, the maintenance of the equipment is carried out by the customer, providing the deployment of personnel, disassembly and assembly of circuits. At the last stage, commissioning works are carried out on the interaction of electrical equipment systems and electrical systems in different modes.
These manipulations involve providing communication, setting and adjusting the parameters and characteristics of devices, as well as functional groups to ensure the specified operating modes. The electrical installation is tested both at idle and under load, and without fail in various modes.
