Electric motors and appliances in private homes and factories are connected to the electrical wiring with various types of cable. The type of current in the wiring is variable. Widespread use found the VVG cable. Design organizations most often include this wire in the project specification. Deciphering VVG wires helps manufacturers in selecting the right material. Special designations allow you to distinguish between types of wires. The marking of the VVG cable, the decoding of which is applied to the insulation, will tell competent electricians everything.
What are the types of VVG cable?
The abbreviation for decoding the cable carries information about its manufacture. It informs what is recommended to be connected and how to lay it, outdoor or underground, where it is allowed to use and what is the recommended air temperature.
Sale of materials used inpower supply, and a huge range of wires by type of insulation and design, provide the buyer with the opportunity to opt for the products that he needs. It will be interesting for a novice electrician and an ordinary consumer to know how many varieties of VVG cable brands with decoding are available on the sales market.
Ensuring cable protection from open fire was created by cable manufacturers. Invented and applied fire insulation VVG. Below is the layout of the modifications:
• VVGng;
• VVGng FrLs;
• VVGng Ls;
• VVGng Hf;• VVGng FrHf.
Each letter in the marking and name has a decoding, VVG t, VVG ng is not just a set of letters. Therefore, you need to familiarize yourself with the notation.
Let's deal with the notation
The name of the cable VVGng Ls stands for, carrying information that during a fire, the insulation of the wire emits a minimum amount of smoke.
The VVGng FrLs cable does not contribute to fire in an open flame. Due to melting insulation, smoke is minimal.
The next type of product - with the decoding VVGng Hf. When it is exposed to heat, such as during fire and insulation melting, no gases are present. Wiring does not corrode.
The latest type of wire VVGng FrHf has all the bestspecifications of the above cables.
Product insulation
Special requirements are imposed on the insulating material used in the production of cable products, including from the fire department. The material PVC (polyvinyl chloride) has one distinctive feature in relation to other polymers used for the manufacture of plastic products. PVC products do not interact with fire. Due to this property, PVC is used in the manufacture of insulating coatings for cables.
Materials for making cables:
- The main type of VVG insulating materials is a two-layer insulating coating. Material PVH (polyvinylchloride). No additional insulation.
- The copper core insulation of the VVGng cable is made of non-combustible PVC materials.
- Halogen-free PVC, used as an insulating material for VVG Ls wire, does not emit smoke when melted. Used when installing electrical wiring, in crowded places.
- Cable pulling, where it is possible to ignite, is carried out from the VVGng FrLs brand. The presented insulation is fire resistant and does not emit hazardous smoke. The cable with VVGng FrLs decoding is used for indoor and outdoor installation with a high degree of fire hazard.
Let's deal with cable marking. Let's get acquainted with the VVG decoding of the wire:
• P - polymer wire insulation.
• V - polyvinyl chloride.• PV - a group of materials based on polyethylene.
Deciphering the following letter designation allows you to find out the composition of the insulationcable.
• B - external PVC insulation.
• Shv - protection of cores in the form of a hose.
• P - external polymer insulation.• Shp - external insulation made of polyethylene hose.
Protection of the VVG cable (decoding below) from mechanical damage has its own designation.
• B - armored cable with hard coating.
Section of cable cores and its value
When installing electrical networks, it is important to choose the correct cross-section of the conductor. The transmission of electric current depends directly on the cross section of the wiring. Motors and devices connected to the network consume electricity. Electrical wiring when current passes through it begins to heat up. Heating the wiring with an incorrectly selected cross-section of the core can lead to an involuntary fire. The cross section of the wires must be taken thirty percent more. There are current losses in the cable, which must be foreseen in advance. Having completed hidden wiring in the house, it is difficult to replenish losses in the future.
Device VVG-p.webp" />
The cross section of this type of cable is from 1.5 to 16 squares. The number of wires he has is two or three.
Designation of wire symbols:
- B - cores in PVC insulation.
- B (second) - PVC sheath of the cable.
- G - no cable protection.
- P - the arrangement of the cores is parallel, flat.
- Ng - Insulation burning is not supported.
- core copper round shape single-wire first class;
- insulation material - PVC;
- color wires;
- PVC sheath that reduces combustion properties.
The main application of this type of cable is in the transmission and distribution of AC electricity with a frequency of 50 Hz, a power of 0.66-1.0 kV.
Cable VVGozh
Great demand in the field of cable products is caused by a cable with a cross section of 3x4 brand VVGozh. The composition of this copper cable includes conductors covered with PVC insulation.
- B - vinyl core insulation.
- B (second) - vinyl shell.
- G - naked.
- Ozh - single-wire conductors.
VVGozh cable design
Wire, conductive, copper, first or second class GOST 2483. The shape of the core is round or sector-shaped. Belt insulation made of PVC plasticizer, burning on an open fire insulation is reduced. Cable conductors of two, three, four and five conductors are twisted around a PVC core. The outer sheath of the cable is flame retardant PVC.
PVC cable insulation. Cable wires in different colors. White or yellow. Blue and green. Black or brown, red and crimson.
Scope of the VVG-p.webp" />
Cable operation is allowed on the ground, in rivers and lakes. It is used at temperatures from -500С to +500С. The laying height above sea level is allowed at an altitude of 4300 meters. You can lay the cable in the ground, water, in the air, that is, on poles and along the walls of buildings and structures.
All of the above characteristics refer to the VVGozh cable, the decoding of which tells us that the wire is made of copper wires with a cross section of 3x4. It is used in the northern regions and in areas with a temperate and tropical climate.
Electricity Building Tips
Cable installation with VVG decoding can be carried out along the walls of buildings and structures. Laying is carried out along poles and suspensions on cables. The use of this type of cable is allowed where there is no risk of fire. It is better to lay it on plastered walls or walls made of drywall.
If there is a risk of mechanical damage, the cable must be protected. Excellent protection is provided by pre-installed steel pipes into which the wire is inserted. Such laying in wooden houses is most justified. The corrugated sleeve that protects the wiring is widely used in construction. Various protection cable channels are also used. Laying products with VVG cable decoding in a strobe is not recommended. For this, it is preferable to use a VVGng conductor. It is designed for hidden wiring. There are recommendations and regulations that describe the rules for installation work using the VVGng cable.
Rules for outdoor work with cable products
When laying the VVG conductor in the ground, strict rules must be observed. Cable protectionof this type is absent. The use of concrete boxes, cable channels and pipes prevents mechanical damage to the cable. Signal protection is now widely used to replace the red brick used earlier. Made of protection in the form of polymer plates, which have excellent indestructible characteristics.
Pour a sand cushion into the trench. A cable is laid on it, on top of which the earth is poured and rammed. The thickness of the sand layer must be at least 20 centimeters. After the cable is backfilled, protective plates are laid, which are also covered with sand. A signal tape is laid on top of the sand, warning about the presence of a laid electrical cable.
Laying an armored cable is the right solution for earthworks. The cost of its laying is higher than the cost of VVG cable. The service life is the same, but the guarantee of protection against damage for the armored wire is much higher.
After reading this article, a simple buyer, not a specialist, will correctly select the necessary cable. Based on the fact that the market today offers many types and types of cable, it can be very difficult to make a choice without certain knowledge in this area. If you still have doubts when buying, it is better to consult with the seller of electrical wires. This is very important, because the safety of all residents of the premises depends on the quality of the wiring.
