In repair and construction operations, it is very important to ensure the reliability of structures and joints. In many ways, ensuring this requirement is achieved through the use of building materials that are suitable for their characteristics, but even steel alloys and reinforced concrete will be subject to wear during operation if marking operations have been violated. The correct location of the individual components of the structure relieves the overall structure of unnecessary stress, not to mention the elementary exposure of the geometry of the lines. In addition to the conscientiousness of the master, a high-quality marking tool, which is presented on the market in a huge assortment, will correctly implement this task.
What is a marking operation?
It should immediately be determined that the markup is not necessarily a fixation of the distance from one point to another when constructing a particular structure. As the complexity of production and construction standards increases, the manufacturability of marking processes also increases. During this action, the foreman at the construction site or the operator on the production line can determine the parameters of the workpiece, the characteristics of its location relative to otherobjects, etc. A state-of-the-art markup tool allows you to capture measurements such as length, width, height, and angle.
Some models like squares are also focused on the initial determination of how the object, its parameters or location meets the requirements. As for the marking process, it mainly involves manual handling of measuring and marking devices. The user, in turn, is required to be attentive, accurate and thorough in removing and fixing data.
Tool for marking on a plane
A distinctive feature of the tool, designed to perform measurements and marks in one plane, is sharpening for basic geometric calculations. With the help of such devices, the user indicates the boundaries of the contours, center distances, inflicts risks, and fixes angular deviations. Similar actions are performed by spatial markup models, but they are distinguished by just the minimum productivity in working on one plane. So, a planar group of tools of this type includes a bench square, various drafts, protractors, rulers, etc. It is important to note that such operations also require auxiliary devices that are not directly related to measurements and markings. For example, stops and conductors are used in this capacity.
This kind of action is not always primary in the implementation of architectural and design activities. Such a tool is also used in the verification of existing structures. If you need to makeadjustments, then, for example, a metal scriber or a graver can be used. It will allow you to build points with high accuracy, according to which a new structure or object will be installed in the future.
Spatial Markup Tool
It has already been noted that it is not always advisable to use devices for spatial marking to work in one plane. However, the planar construction tool is quite suitable for some operations with three-dimensional figures. The main difference between the spatial dimension for marking is precisely the work in several planes. The standard situation is when marking devices of this type are used to fix parameters on one plane, after which the number of adjacent axles is checked.
A vertical ruler and thickness gauge can be called a specialized tool for such operations. By the way, sometimes a horizontal plate is also used as a platform for measurements - its use guarantees the correct position of the workpiece on the base plane. When working with voluminous objects, a vernier caliper with victorious soldering is also used, provided with a locking screw. This tool is used both to assess the main parameters of the object, and to perform risks, if necessary.
Features of woodworking tools
Carpentry and joinery operations with wood differ from metalwork in less stringent requirements for the characteristics of the tool used. Measuringfixtures can be metal, wooden, and polymeric - from modern technological material. In standard carpentry sets, wood marking tools can be represented by rulers, tape measures and other devices for measuring. Especially for circles, geometric compasses of the required size are also used. For effective fixation of deviations, a square is used. This is a small device, usually presented in the form of a perpendicular, which allows you to assess the correctness of the exposure of the vertical position of the structure.
Features of metal tools
When working with metal blanks, a special tool is required that can be used to make in-depth markings and draw contours on a solid surface. Conventional marking does not always justify itself, therefore the same scriber for working with metal or a locksmith's square is made of high-strength steel grades. The same applies to calipers. The presence of wear-resistant working tips in their composition is due not only to the provision of the possibility of performing markings deep into the base. Soft metals are subject to deformation, due to which the normative accuracy is lost. For this reason, tool makers use Pobedite soldering and special steel grades for the backbone.
In terms of technological measurement methods, this tool generally corresponds to analogues intended for wood. Structurally, a marking tool formetal is almost identical to the same compasses and thickness gauges, but it is important to take into account another feature. The body base in the part of the handle, for example, can be universal. Using different nozzles, the master uses it both in operations with wood materials and in working with metal. For example, thickness gauges in many models can be equipped with wear-resistant metal cores.
Marking Tools
In essence, any markup means the application of a deep contour or dot notch. This function allows you to perform a wide range of tools, including drawing devices, height gauges and standard thicknesses, spring-type compasses and core - a tool that is the simplest representative of this group. Conversely, multifunctional devices implement the tasks of applying labels as auxiliary ones. These include, for example, models that allow you to find and center parts. These are special varieties of cores, squares, protractors, etc.
Punch marks
The risk itself is a recess made on the surface of a workpiece or structure using a core, that is, a metal scriber. This operation serves as fixing the pre-made markup. It would seem, why perform, in fact, the deformation of the material, if you can mark the same contours with paint. But, firstly, the core creates a recess that will not be erased, unlike the outer coating, and secondly, it is the recessed risks that, in addition to the spatial notch, can immediatelyprepare for drilling. The core itself is a simple and unpretentious tool in content. As a rule, it has a rod base, turning into a cone with a point. The core is guided by the risk with two fingers, placed perpendicular to the given point and easily driven in with a hammer. Thus, punching is carried out on metal surfaces.
Coloring as a way of marking up
Hard punching is not always acceptable. It cannot be performed on surfaces that must retain their original appearance, and when working with workpieces made from high-strength hard alloys. The way out of the situation may be the use of staining techniques. But it should be understood that this technique has nothing to do with marking with paint. In this case, the entire surface of the workpiece is painted, and the resulting outer layer serves only to simplify the application of contours and notched points. After staining, the same marking tool is used in the form of a core, square or compass. However, the coating can only be formed with special resistant compositions. It can be blue vitriol, diluted chalk or a special quick-drying varnish.
Auxiliary marking tools
The high degree of accuracy of the marking operations performed depends not only on the tool used, but also on the conditions in which the work process is carried out. To improve the convenience and quality of such events, vertical racks, special jacks, linings, rotary and dividing devices, headstock for centering, etc. are used.genus includes a marking plate that imitates a plane. On this platform, you can perform planar and spatial marking, as well as coloring.
Mechanization of marking actions
Marking operations are among those areas of construction and design processes that are reluctantly transferred to mechanization. Especially when it comes to responsible procedures, manual verification is indispensable. Nevertheless, certain stages are still subject to the transition to modern principles of work. Today, the mechanized marking tool is represented by electric cores. Unlike traditional models, such modifications are supplied with a power filling that activates the percussion mechanism. Actually, the centering of the tool and its working part is performed directly by the master, but instead of a light blow with a hammer, the sharp part of the tool is automatically hammered.
Marking Tool Manufacturers
Almost all manufacturers of construction equipment and hand tools produce measuring fixtures, part of which are marking devices. Premium brands present in the segment include Bosch, RUBI, Irwin and Sturm. Of the companies that specialize in tools, MATRIX, Stanley, FIT, etc. stand out. Among Russian manufacturers, Zubr, Buttress and Enkor can be noted. As for prices, the simplest core-type marking devices cost about 100-200 rubles. Compasses or scriber for metalare already estimated at 500-700 rubles. Multifunctional technically complex or dimensional devices can cost about 1-2 thousand rubles.
Conclusion
When choosing the right marking device, it is important to consider the tasks that you plan to perform with it. With all the advantages of universal tools, manufacturers still recommend turning to specialized models. For example, a high-quality metalwork marking tool is significantly superior in accuracy to modifications also oriented to carpentry and joinery work. True, if we are talking about domestic use in the private sector, then a multifunctional tool may come in handy. Still, the main thing in marking operations is the accuracy and attentiveness of the performer himself. From preparatory measures to the final punching of risks, each stage should be carried out slowly and with repeated checks of the result.
