Brick is one of the most famous building materials. This is an artificial stone that has the shape of a bar. It has increased strength, water resistance, frost resistance due to firing or steam treatment. It differs in composition, form and manufacturing technology. Let's look at its main types.
Types of bricks according to the material of manufacture
- Ceramic brick. This is a baked clay product in the shape of
- Hyperpressed brick. This material is obtained from a mixture of limestone (90%), cement (8%) and dye (2%). The mass is pressed in molds. It turns out an even brick. The types of work performed with hyperpressed bricks are different. This is both trim and cladding.
- Silicate brick. To obtain this product, a mixture of quartz sand and slaked lime is pressed. Outlet colorcomes out white. There may be a grayish tinge. If pigments are added to the mass, then decorative types of bricks are obtained. Silicate brick has a fairly dense structure and high strength. The disadvantage of this product is its hygroscopicity: in a humid environment, the building will not last long. The increased density does not provide good thermal insulation, therefore, decorative inserts are usually made of silicate bricks.
- Glazed brick. This product is characterized by a rich color gamut, since chemical solutions are added to the clay mass, and a vitreous colored layer appears during firing. Glazed brick is brittle. It can be used for mosaics and panels on the facades of houses.
- Clinker brick. For its production, layers of clay are sintered into a single whole. If we compare the types of bricks, then this product will have the most uniform structure, durability, low porosity due to firing at temperatures above 1100 degrees. Used for paving streets and facing works.
- Brick facing. This product is distinguished by a variety of shades: from desaturated yellow to bright red. It is frost-resistant and is not afraid of moisture. Some types of bricks are decorated with ornaments, which allows them to be used for exterior decoration of fireplaces and stoves for decorative purposes. Facing brick is used for all kinds of outdoor work.
parallelepiped. Not afraid of water, frost and high temperatures. Its walls with their smoothness resemble ceramic tiles. Typically, this brick is used for cladding exterior walls. Ceramic brick buildings stand for centuries.
Structural types of bricks
- Hollow brick. It comes in red, yellow andbrown. The difference between this product and others is in through or non-through holes of oval, square or slit-like shape. The masonry of this material has a low thermal conductivity. It is used to create external walls. With it, you can save on costs and reduce the thickness of the wall. The presence of holes reduces the load on the foundation, increases frost resistance.
- The brick is solid. Ordinary solid brick - red. It is quite frost-resistant, its porosity is 6-20%. Walls, vaults, columns are built from it. Of the minuses, a rough surface can be distinguished, which later needs to be plastered.
We reviewed the most commonly used types of bricks. As you can see, different jobs require different materials, as they all have individual characteristics.
