Each house expresses the individual taste of the owners. There are lovers of brick walls, someone dreams of a rural five-wall, for some, the construction of a real stone fortress becomes the meaning of their whole life. The choice of materials, that is, what the house is built from, will determine the entire course of construction.
Stone houses
Building stone houses involves a wide range of building materials. The concept of "stone houses" includes buildings made of natural stones, such as shell rock, tuff; ceramic and silicate bricks; gas silicate expanded clay concrete and foam concrete blocks, artificial bricks or stones. The choice of such materials is based on many years of experience in their use and tests, which confirm the protective and strength properties of stone houses. But these buildings also have disadvantages, because living in them necessarily requires some kind of heating system, a reliable foundation for a huge mass of construction.
Artificial stone
Perforated bricks, expanded clay concrete and wood concrete perfectly reduce the colossal weight of the building. The use of artificial stone is gradually replacingexpensive and heavy bricks. Porous inexpensive material is widely used in the construction of low-rise suburban dwellings. Carefully selected building materials will reduce material costs, ensure comfort and durability of the building. The reliability of the stone has been tested for centuries - it was our ancestors who used it to build castles.
Brick is a versatile material
Brick was and will be the most demanded material. For the construction, silicate bricks are used, which are made from lime-sand mixtures, and ceramic ones, made from clay by firing it (with various additives). Silicate bricks are characterized by good resistance to cold and sound insulation, but at the same time the material is afraid of moisture and fire. It is not used for building foundations, stoves, etc. Sand-lime bricks are an excellent material for walls, lintels, but a large amount of it creates a problem of slow heating and cooling, so a good heating and ventilation system is needed in the house.
Material features
For ordinary ceramic bricks strength, resistance to moisture and wear are typical. It is produced hollow and solid, used in the construction of foundations, walls, partitions, fences. Facing bricks are used to decorate walls and other surfaces. But such a brick requires a high quality adhesive solution. Brick houses have a long service life. Ceramic bricks resist moisture well, but their houses, like all heavy structures,require high-quality heating, ventilation and, possibly, additional facade cladding, as this material often varies in color.
So, this material is versatile, durable, reliable. And most importantly, he is easy to work with.
Block house
Concrete is also used to produce building materials in the form of wall panels, cinder blocks, foundation and cellular blocks. The latter are divided into aerated concrete, gas silicate and foam concrete blocks, which differ in composition and method of manufacture. Houses made of foam blocks are popular due to their low cost and noticeable ease of construction. These are large bricks, as if stuffed inside with a large number of hollow tubes passing through them. This helps to reduce the weight of products and improve the thermal insulation properties of bricks. In aerated concrete, such pores are of the same size, and in foam concrete they are different.
Aerated concrete blocks have high mechanical and physical properties, do not shrink, but are very hygroscopic (unlike foam concrete). Concrete blocks are used in the construction of private houses. Various fillers used in the block casting process change the density and weight of the products. Ashes, gravel, sand are used as fillers. The denser the blocks, the higher the noise protection. Concrete wall blocks are not subject to rotting, perfectly retain heat, but they must be installed correctly. Some areas require additional insulation. So singlemasonry walls will require the application of a waterproof coating. This cheap material for building a house is characterized by durability, good thermal insulation properties and structural reliability. In addition to tangible savings, the blocks allow the use of hollow tunnels inside products for laying wires and plumbing pipes. Building materials can surprise with another novelty - polystyrene concrete, which has excellent structural and thermal insulation properties. The walls created from these blocks do not need waterproofing and insulation, do not require expensive finishing of the facade. The strength, plasticity, resistance to burning and environmental friendliness of the material make it indispensable in construction.
Tree house
For wooden structures, the characteristic features are the simplicity of construction and a special he althy microclimate, which is created by natural materials. When building houses, they mainly use rounded logs and glued beams, from which large, environmentally friendly private estates are obtained. Building a house from a bar today is a very expensive pleasure. The material consists of solid wood and glue, requires professional assistance during laying, but in return provides long-term trouble-free operation and excellent heat-saving qualities. For the production of rounded logs, wood with a diameter of 0.18 m to 0.26 m is massively used, which is passed through the machine, peeling off the surface strictly in size. With such processing, the protectivelayer. What are houses built in expensive villages from? Usually, glued and profiled timber, rounding, frame and panel structures are used. But real, chopped huts, made by carpenters by hand, cannot be found. Here it is most appropriate to use logs from pine, spruce, larch and other varieties of conifers, which are cut by hand. Log cabins are characterized by low thermal conductivity, which allows you to maintain comfortable conditions at any time of the year. The natural self-regulating water absorption of wood and the positive effect of resins have an excellent effect on human he alth. In such a house, interior decoration is not required at all. Solid wood is prone to rotting and burning easily, but good material quality minimizes these effects.
Frame houses
Sandwich panels, panel-shield or supporting prefabricated frames, which are filled with mineral insulation or glass wool and sheathed with various materials, are today quite popular construction methods. Houses are built using Finnish, American, Canadian technology, which differ in the types of frame structures and assembly methods. Wood and metal materials for building a frame house are inexpensive, they quickly turn into finished housing, in just two to three months. These light buildings do not need a grandiose foundation; simple columnar, tape or reinforced concrete slabs are usually used for its construction. But during construction, it is necessary to pay attention to work aimed at protecting against moisture,insulation and vapor barrier. In areas with a drier climate, it is better to use wood panels; in humid conditions, metal panels and metal profiles are preferable. Frame structures are the best material for building a house because the condition of the soil on the site does not play a big role for them, and the possibility of their exterior design with siding helps to create any facade design. The cost of building such a structure is much lower than the construction of stone or concrete houses.
Which is the best project to build your own home?
Now they are building in two ways. The use of the so-called wet method involves masonry bonded with a special mortar - this is brick or block masonry, monolithic pouring. The dry method assembles prefabricated structures from various shapes and sizes of elements. The result is housing suitable for various climatic conditions. Heavy houses require more space, but frame houses only need space for future construction and a small area for compactly packed kit elements.
Heavy houses can be built according to any project. Including on an individual basis, for which the calculation of materials for building a house will be done in any design organization. Light housing is being built according to ready-made projects of prefabricated structures, which are purchased simultaneously with the construction kit. But an individual projectpossible in this case. True, then the cost of building a building will increase markedly. What conclusion can be drawn from all of the above? Only when you have decided on whether you will have a heavy building or a light prefabricated structure on the site, you can accurately select the materials. What to rely on when choosing what a house is built from in one case or another, we will tell further.
Which material is best for building your own home?
To choose materials for building your own home, you need to consider:
- Climate and soil conditions.
- Design and project solution at home.
- Availability or lack of inexpensive or special local building materials.
- Mechanical and physical properties of building materials, their prices.
Difficulties of choice
Traditionally, in areas with cold winters, they build from solid wood, ceramic bricks, gas silicate, expanded clay concrete blocks. A large number of sunny hot days require masonry, including artificial material - cellular concrete blocks, shell rock, tuff, wood, any materials that can withstand temperature. The construction of grandiose houses takes place using bricks, monolithic concrete casting, natural stone, etc. The choice of materials is related to the structure of the area where the construction will take place. You should also take into account your own financial capabilities, which can significantly affect the duration of the work. The design project also offers certainmaterials. If the proposed last ones suit the customer, then it is enough just to purchase them. The choice of material, of course, is associated with many components, but you should pay attention to the fact that a house is built for life, and therefore approach the issue responsibly.
Instead of a conclusion
If you decide to build a house, you need to carefully consider all the little things. Durability, reliability of the house, comfort and coziness in it depend on the choice of building materials. Consider the climate in which you live, material resources, personal tastes. Here, perhaps, briefly and all. Now you know what a house is built from.
