Every day we hear that the cause of most diseases is the quality of water that people use, if not for drinking, then definitely for cooking. But what if its composition leaves much to be desired? There is only one answer - use ion exchange filters.
Properties
To purify water, a method is used, the essence of which is the ability of ion-exchange materials to capture radioactive and heavy metals from water and exchange them for safe elements. An ion-exchange water filter does an excellent job of softening by removing excess magnesium and calcium ions.
Today, a large number of various cleaners work on the basis of the exchange of metal ions for sodium, for this artificial and natural sodium cations are used. During such processes, water is filled with excess s alt, which leads to an alkaline reaction in it. It, of course, turns out to be purified, but at the same time it disrupts the functions of the body due to an incorrect acid-base balance. Unlike the previous ones,ion exchange filters for water treatment are distinguished by innovative properties that use hydrogen resins. They are able to replace metal ions and even aluminum with hydrogen. Such a composition has a slightly acidic reaction and is useful for humans.
Design
In appearance, the ion-exchange water filter is a housing with flanges placed on it for the inlet and outlet of the gas flow, which is made of corrosion-resistant materials. In the middle of the housing there is a filter block, which is made on the basis of Fiban ion-exchange fibrous materials.
Scheme of cleaning filter elements
1. Mesh filter for mechanical coarse cleaning. Frees incoming water from larger negative particles by settling and retaining them on the grid.
2. Cleaner for softening automatic ion-exchange. The main purpose of this link in the design is the removal of s alts from the water, which give it rigidity. Also, this step retains various heavy metals that adversely affect human he alth.3. Filters for fine cleaning. For the final removal of even the smallest negative elements, an ion exchange resin is used, which is part of the system.
Main advantages and disadvantages
Using ion-exchange filters, you can highlight the advantages and disadvantages. The advantages include:
- ultra-high level of cleaning;
- removal of allbacteria, heavy metals and viruses;
- removal of dissolved gases, residual chlorine, oil products, pesticides, phenol, compounds of hazardous metals and other toxic substances;
- preservation of the mineral composition in water after its purification;
- stabilization of the pH level to the optimum for humans;
- helps water to be charged with negative ions;
- converts organic s alts for easy absorption by the body;
- high filtration rate, up to several liters per minute;
- durability of the use of cartridges and ease of replacement;
- a variety of options for installation;
- the ability to visually control the degree of contamination;- it is possible to install additional degrees of purification, for example, a carbon filter.
The main disadvantage is the high cost of such devices, as a result of which some consumers cannot afford this device.
Indicators when choosing a filter
In order to choose the right ion exchange filters that will suit the user, you need to take into account such characteristics as:
- the initial degree of hardness of the available water;
- the initial productivity of the softening system;
- the need for regeneration frequency;
- the frequency and volume of allowable drainage water; - the need for reservation;
- the composition of the original water, in particular the presence of pollutants in it, such as iron, organics, manganese, chlorine-containing components and oil products;
-desired degree of softening.
Ion exchange resin
In complex cleaning systems, the filter, which has an ion exchange resin, occupies a very important place, since its main task is to reduce the level of water hardness.
This substance is a polymer granules that have the ability to absorb some metal ions from a saline solution and exchange them for others. At the same time, the composition of the resulting s alts also changes and begins to affect the quality of the water. During the use of such a system, the resin neutralizes calcium ions and replaces them with sodium s alts. After the chemical reaction, the rigidity completely returns to normal, all this can be achieved using a filter. Ion-exchange resin "Geyser" during water purification divides it into cations, which transmit positively charged ions, which, in turn, give off negative ones. For softening, ion-exchange filters most often use sodium elements (Na +).
Restoring the cartridge after contamination
In order for the Geyser ion-exchange filter to regenerate correctly, you will need a 10% solution of sodium chloride and necessarily non-iodized s alt in the proportion of 100 grams per 1 liter of water. In order to clean, you need to prepare 5 liters of liquid of this composition.
In the set of filters there is a special key, with which the housing is unscrewed, then the softening filter is removed. Then it is installed vertically in the sink or onanother suitable surface that will match its dimensions. Then you will need to wait a bit for all the water that is present there to completely drain. After that, we carefully begin to unscrew the top cover of the cartridge and pour about 2 liters of saline through it, just make sure that the liquid does not overflow, as resin granules can also be removed along with it. In the process, you can see active seething, but do not worry about this, as this is the collected air.
Then, when the spill is completed, the cartridge is installed in the body, which must be filled with saline in a volume of 0.5 liters, without spilling the liquid, and left without intervention for 8-10 hours. Next, we repeat the initial process, during which we spill the remaining prepared saline solution.
After we start to assemble the Geyser ion-exchange filter. To do this, carefully screw the top cover onto the cartridge and insert it into the housing. You can start drinking water after the entire apparatus has been washed with water at a speed of 1-1.5 l / min. for 3 minutes to completely eliminate the s alty taste.
