Manchurian walnut is a photophilous, wind-resistant, drought-sensitive crop. It tolerates frost and air pollution well. It grows on fertile, drained, moist soils. Feels great in gardens and parks, suitable for group and single plantings.
Manchurian walnut, the photo of which you see, grows naturally in Northern China, Korea and the Far East in mixed broad-leaved forests, next to Mongolian oak, Far Eastern maple, Korean cedar and Sayan spruce. Prefers low places and river banks.
Plantations of Manchurian walnut in its pure form are rare. This plant has been cultivated for a long time, so the geography of its growth is currently very extensive. It is a long-liver, growing for 200 years or more. It is valued for its taste, nutritional, healing properties of fruits, the strength of wood and decorative effect.
Manchurian walnut species description
This tree is up to thirty meters high with a straight trunk and openwork,spreading crown, like a palm tree. The ends of the branches are crowned with huge bunched leaves that change color depending on the season. In summer they are bright green, and in autumn they are straw yellow. Leaves appear on the tree in mid-May and fall off at the end of September. They have antibacterial properties, which prevents pests from damaging the tree.
From the end of May to the first half of June, the Manchurian walnut blossoms. Planting and care are carried out before the growing season. Flowers and leaves appear on the tree at the same time. Small tassels and long earrings represent female and male inflorescences. Fruits of an oval-pointed shape grow in groups of 3-7 pieces. Harvested in late summer and early autumn. Deep longitudinal wrinkles are clearly visible on the drupes. The nut begins to bear fruit in the 7-8th year after planting in the ground. The tree is harvested annually. But it is higher every two years.
Reproduction
Manchurian walnut propagated by seeds. There are several ways to prepare them for sowing:
- Seeds are soaked for ten days in water and constantly changed.
- Pour them for a day with water at room temperature. Then they stratify for two months, lowering the temperature to 5-7 degrees.
- The seeds are subjected to this procedure from autumn for thirty days at a temperature of 20-25 degrees, after which they are taken out under the snow.
Manchurian walnut can be planted in spring and autumn. Planting and care are carried out throughout the vegetativeperiod. The best time for sowing seeds is autumn. The only downside is the rodents. So that they do not annoy, you need to treat the nuts with special kerosene. When sowing in the spring, stratification should be done with repeated freezing or soaking of seeds. But this will not help increase germination. It will be worse than when sown in the fall. You can plant nuts harvested 3-4 years ago. They will also sprout, but the strength of the fruit will be weaker.
Seedlings already during the first year grow to such a size that they are able to grow in a permanent place. They have a well developed root system. But the Manchurian nut does not like transplants very much. Therefore, try not to damage the roots so that the plant does not suffer.
So, this crop is bred by direct planting of a nut on the place of growth or seedlings. When planting a plant with well-sprouted fruits, pinch the tip of the root, and do not cut the root system. And if you plant seedlings, you must definitely cut the roots, otherwise the tree will slowly grow in height. In order to grow large, with a stronger root system, Manchurian walnut seedlings in a nursery, one year is enough.
Landing
It is better to plant the Manchurian walnut in the place of permanent growth in September or April. To do this, choose a site with moist, fertile soil. Dig the bed to a depth of ten centimeters, add wood ash and loosen. Then you need to outline the holes. A large tree is the Manchurian walnut. Landing and care are carried out according tocertain rules. So, the distance between the holes should be at least ten meters.
In the event that you decide to grow a tree from a walnut, immediately identifying it as a permanent place of growth, its planting depth should be 6-8 cm. Place the nuts on the edge at the rate of 10-15 pieces per linear meter. After that, cover them with earth and put a mulch of straw or sawdust on top. So moisture will remain in the soil longer.
And if you thought that the Manchurian walnut, which will be planted as a seedling, will take root better, the holes should be up to eighty centimeters deep, based on the volume of the root. For better survival, throw stones, rubble or brick fragments into each seat. This will be the drain.
Next comes a layer of soil mixed with turf, sand and humus. Only after that, install the seedling in the hole, immediately tie it to a peg, pour it well with water and cover it with earth. Lightly tamp the soil around the root and mulch with sawdust and peat in a thick layer so that the seedlings do not die from frost.
Care
Given that the Manchurian nut is a moisture-loving plant, in dry years it needs to be watered every week, twenty liters of water for each tree. If there is enough rainfall, then the frequency of watering is completely different. Saplings of 2-3 years of life are watered seven to eight times per season, and mature trees four to five.
In order not to stagnate moisture at the trunk, as necessary, you need to loosen the soil anddo weeding. Mulch should be applied every time after this, it retains moisture and prevents grass from growing.
Manchurian walnut has a voluminous, openwork crown. Care for such beauty consists in cutting the branches if they are completely dry or damaged by the disease. This should be done with the onset of spring, until the tree is covered with leaves.
This crop tolerates moderate frosts well, which will not harm mature trees. But seedlings can suffer, especially if there is little snow. Therefore, they must be covered with dry leaves, branches or peat for the winter. And wrap the trunks of young trees with burlap.
Application
- Manchurian walnut fruits produce high-quality oil. They contain vitamins, tannins, essential oils, and the leaves contain carotene, ascorbic acid and all that nuts are rich in.
- They are widely used in the confectionery industry. Thanks to its taste qualities, the Manchurian nut is a favorite delicacy of children and adults.
- This tree species is valued for its hard, beautiful wood. It is used to produce furniture, plywood and various crafts.
Manchurian walnut is grown for fruits and timber. Planting and care are carried out throughout the growing season. With appropriate care, an openwork crown is formed, which gives decorativeness to the whole tree and allows other plants to grow.under her. This is understandable. Few crops can compete for survival under the shade of trees. And through the "lace" of the crown of the Manchurian walnut, the sun's rays pass well, thanks to which perennial plants grow and bloom beautifully under it.
Healing properties
Manchurian walnut, the photo of which you see, is a unique tree that has pronounced antimicrobial properties. Everything is valuable in it: fruits, leaves, bark.
- Decoction of the leaves is used to stop and purify the blood, treat furunculosis, skin tuberculosis.
- Dried leaves cleanse and heal wounds, prevent blisters, and help treat gum disease.
- Decoction of walnut helps to cope with eczema, lichen, purulent rash and many other skin diseases.
- This plant is a good prophylactic for stomach pathologies, diarrhea, rickets.
