Landscape design is aimed at making the territory as comfortable as possible. And in this process, the project plays an important role - the success of all further work depends on its quality.
Main steps
Any project is developed from the fact that specialists study and evaluate the site, collect information about it, get acquainted with the ideas of the owners. Such an integrated approach makes it possible to develop uniform principles of landscaping and landscaping for a particular site.
Landscape design begins with the development of several sketches, which are subsequently approved by the customer. In the most voluminous version, project documentation consists of a master plan, various drawings, a summary estimate, a space organization plan and an explanatory note to the project.
Objects and concepts
Landscape project involves highlighting every detail that can play a role in the improvement of the territory. Landscape design objects are the main elements of space that are calculated in accordance with landscape data, that is, it depends on the objects whicheventually there will be territory. All objects can be reduced to the following:
- natural elements of the environment, in the creation of which a person is involved: these are trimmed hedges, broken flower beds, that is, a natural relief in which changes were made by human hand;
- objects with equivalent design elements - natural and artificial origin;
- plants and supports on which they grow, systems for water effects - fountains, pools, as well as relief details in the form of stairs, retaining walls.
Landscape design of the site also involves landscaping the territory using various compositions based on plants, stones, furniture and even ponds.
Why do we need a master plan?
A master plan is a drawing that allows you to evaluate the available space and implement certain design solutions on it. The plan contains all the information regarding the features of the relief of the site, the systems available on it, as well as the places where trees, shrubs, flowers or small architectural forms will be planted. When landscape design is underway, three-dimensional images are also drawn up, sections and explanations are thought out on a scale. In general, the master plan outlines the scope of work that will be carried out on landscaping and landscaping of the site.
The main thing is step-by-step
In order for the improvement of the site to be carried out correctly, it is important to carry it out in the established order of work. And designing in these worksis only the first step. It should be noted that each territory is unique, has its own microclimate and soil characteristics, so it is important to take into account all these nuances even at the stage of project development. In addition, landscape design should include an artistic aspect in order to create a unified and consistent design of the site.
In the simplest version, the design is carried out in several stages:
- The designer goes to the site to assess the area. A survey of the site is carried out: within the framework of this stage, the boundaries of the site are determined and applied to the plan, the location of plantings and communications is thought out. the site is being analyzed for the condition of the soil, hydrological studies, and the insolation regime is being studied.
- Several sketches are being developed that describe the principles of landscaping, landscaping, and the presence of architectural elements.
- A master plan is being drawn up.
- An assortment of plants is selected, a special statement is drawn up to account for them.
- Pricing schemes are being developed based on the master plan.
- Project working drawings are being formed.
Garden design: where to start?
Landscape garden design allows you to evaluate a perspective picture of future design. The implementation of the project directly on the territory involves careful planning of space, a number of works. And the whole process begins with the work on the improvement of the territory. Relief, paths and platforms in the garden,the presence of small architectural forms, reservoirs - these are the components of a quality project, which is created by the architect, taking into account the preferences of customers.
Beautification first
Landscape design of a site is a whole range of works that are necessary to create a comfortable and cozy environment. As part of these works, you need to consider the presence of the following elements:
- Small architectural forms. There should be no trifles in the design of the garden, because ideally it should be designed in the same style. LFAs are precisely those elements that can bring novelty and uniqueness even to the simplest territory. Small forms are understood as gazebos, garden benches or luxurious pavilions that will create a single architectural ensemble on the territory of the garden plot.
- Steps. They are needed if the site has elevation changes. In this case, steps can be used to connect the tracks.
- Tracks. Paved paths are an adornment of any garden, so landscape design of a territory often involves their presence in a garden or park. You can choose any materials for arranging paths.
- Borders. Their purpose is the visual and functional division of materials that are used in the arrangement of the territory. For style unity, borders should be combined with design of garden steps, paved paths and small architectural forms.
- Reservoirs. Creating a living space in a garden or park is great, but it has to be done right.
- Playgrounds for children and sports. If the space of the site allows, you can equip the sites, which can be very different in size and configuration.
- Outdoor fireplace or barbecue. If you spend a lot of time on the site, then you should consider having a recreation area with a fireplace or a barbecue area.
Plants
Various plants also serve as the basis of landscape design. They are the link between nature and architecture on the site. There is a huge number of opportunities for landscaping the site using trees and shrubs of different sizes, whole compositions based on flowers and plants and alpine slides. If space permits, you can set up a real winter garden or cover the lawn.
The main rule of landscaping the site is the emphasis on the harmonious combination of the lawn and other elements of the site. After all, the main thing is that the territory should obey the general artistic design and style.
Engineering systems
Landscape design and construction is impossible without engineering systems. The normal functioning of parks and gardens will be ensured only if there are garden drainage structures and irrigation systems. As part of landscape design, the presence of:
- Automatic watering.
- Drainage and storm systems.
- Garden lighting.
The most important thing is that engineering communications are created in unity with the architectural design of the overallterritory. For timely irrigation of plantings, you can install a variety of irrigation systems: drip, root capillary, sprinkler, retractable, rotary and many others. An even more important role is played by the drainage engineering network, which is necessary for the timely removal of moisture, lowering the level of groundwater and diverting surface water from buildings and structures.
Garden lighting can be both on duty and functional. In the first case, the lighting system is needed so that in the dark you can navigate in the garden or in the park. With functional garden lighting, the illumination of places where inhabitants often visit in the dark is thought out. As part of the project, a competent arrangement of lighting fixtures on the site is being developed, which, moreover, harmoniously complement the design in a variety of styles. The main requirements for the lighting system on the site are safety, convenience and aesthetics.
What programs do you need?
Various programs for landscape design help to translate into reality a variety of design ideas on the site. There are a huge number of them, and each is special in its own way:
- Re altime Landscaping Architect. This program allows you to design at a professional level in two-dimensional and three-dimensional spaces. Suitable for professionals and those who want to improve the territory of a private house or cottage. Re altime allows you to draw up a master plan in 3D, calculate estimates, select materials and plants,and all actions are absolutely free.
- Punch Home Design. A convenient interface, a solid library of ready-made objects - the ability to think over the composition of the landscape as quickly as possible.
- SketchUp (Google SketchUp). The program perfectly copes with the design of the local area, terraces, plots. Stunning projects are created on the screen in 3D, in which there is a place for gardens, front gardens, lakes, fountains and parks.
