Furniture production uses a wide variety of fasteners, which are an integral part of the products. It affects such characteristics of furniture as functionality, durability, strength. Mounting accessories include various types of hinges designed for fastening, fixing and functioning of facades.
What is a furniture hinge
Furniture hinges are universal mechanisms that allow you to install doors in different positions and planes. They can be brass plated or stamped from sheet steel.
There are several varieties of furniture hinges. They differ in design, purpose, type of fastening and appearance. The most common in furniture production are four-hinged hinges, which have a high margin of safety, an unlimited number of work cycles, and the possibility of three-plane adjustment.
Furniture hinge elements
The loop consists of suchbasic items:
- cup;
- shoulder;
- reciprocal plate (mounting pad).
Cup is an element that has a rounded shape, located in a blind hole on the inside of the door. Most often, hinges are produced with a diameter of 35 mm, but there are also reduced sizes. The installation of furniture hinges with a diameter of 26 mm is provided for in small facades, or made of glass. The glass cup is made of plastic and has an O-ring.
The shoulder is a lever that is attached to the inside of the body. It connects the cup to the striker with a four-hinge mechanism.
The mounting platform serves as a fastening of the hinge to the wall of the product. With the help of a special bolt, which is located in the cover, it adjusts the facade. The mounting plate of the furniture hinge is installed on the inside of the side wall of the product using self-tapping screws.
Varieties of loops
Four-hinged hinges, depending on the method of applying the facade to the frame of the product, are divided into:
- invoices;
- half overhead;
- corner;
- artificial;
- domestic;
- versus.
In the manufacture of cabinets, bedside tables and other cabinet products, four-hinged overhead furniture hinges are used. They can be installed independently or with a closer. This type of hinged elements provides for the imposition of the door on the ends of the box and fastening to the side wall. Differs from other types in reliability and versatility.
It is often necessary to place the doors at an angle to the base. For these purposes, corner hinges are used, which can be installed at an angle of 30 º, 45 º, 90 º, 135 º and 175 º. If it is necessary to make a cabinet or other products in which two wings go to one side partition at once, use semi-overlay furniture hinges. The hinged part of the door is installed on 1/2 end of the box body. For hanging blind facades on the side posts, which are adjacent to the wall, adit hinges are used. They are used to fasten the door to false panels.
To place the sashes inside the case, use furniture internal hinges. The installation of the facade is carried out in such a way that its ends are in contact with the inner walls of the niche. Stoppers should be used to prevent the door from falling into the box. Internal models outwardly resemble semi-overhead ones. They can also be used to mount two doors on one side of the product. The difference is that the internal ones have a large bend in the base. Reversible hinges allow the door to open 180º. In this case, the sash in the open state forms a straight line with the plane of the base wall.
Installation tools
To carry out the installation of all types of hinges on furniture, the following tools are required:
- pencil;
- building square;
- drill;
- screws 3, 5x16 mm;
- 26mm and 35mm diameter cutters, depending onbuttonhole size.
Furniture hinge installation
To correctly attach furniture hinges, their installation begins with markings. To do this, mark the center of each future hole with a pencil. The center distance from the ends of the facade, depending on the height of the doors and the place of their fastening, can be 80-130 mm. The marking should be carried out in such a way that when installing the facade, the hinges do not come into contact with shelves, lintels and other elements. The number of hinges for fastening the doors is set depending on their width and weight. The distance of the center of the hole from the end of the facade depends on the thickness of the door and can be 21-22 mm.
Almost all models of hinges have a hole depth of 12-13 mm. For drilling, in order to avoid cutter breaks and chips, only well-sharpened cutting tools are used. The drill must be held strictly vertically. This will ensure that the depth of the hole is uniform and that there are no chips. There are furniture hinges, the installation of which does not require drilling. These are models designed for glass facades with or without an aluminum frame, as well as some types of overhead hinges.
After completing the marking and drilling of the holes, the loop is installed. To do this, it is inserted into the groove, aligned. Then, with a punch or an awl, a place is marked for the fasteners, the screws are screwed. After the hinge is installed, the facade is ready for hanging.
Adjustment
Furniture hinge, marking and installation of which has already been completed, requires adjustment. This procedure is performed with a square screwdriver. The reciprocal plate is attached to the inner wall and pressed with a special bolt, with the help of which the position of the door is adjusted deeper and closer. Another screw, which rests against the installation site, adjusts the facade to the right and left. To adjust the doors up and down, you need to release the screws that secure the striker itself.
There are models of furniture hinges of a different design, where adjustment is performed in two planes. The facade is shifted up and down by a special bolt located in the bar.
