One of the most beautiful exquisite flowers, without a doubt, is a rose. This amazing plant has been known since the time of Babylon. This plant is easy to grow in the garden or in the front garden. The main thing in this matter is compliance with the rules for planting roses, caring for the plant and correctly selected seedlings. We want to talk about all this in our article.
The main types of roses
Before we get down to recommendations for planting and caring for roses, let's take a look at what popular varieties exist. Care for individual varieties of this plant may vary slightly depending on the variety. Consider the main types of roses, let's talk about their features.
Park roses
Plants are absolutely undemanding to soil and care. They tolerate heat and frost equally well. Flowering begins much earlier than the rest of the group of roses - already in late spring. The duration of flowering is about a month. Among them, there are several main groups that differ in appearance and flowering time:
- rose hips;
- modern hybrids;
- garden roses.
Ground cover roses
Differ in a variety of grades and long plentiful blossoming. This type of roses blooms until late autumn, which allows it to be used in the landscape design of a suburban area and for planting in a flower garden. This species is not demanding in self-care, the only thing it needs is abundant watering after planting roses.
Hybrid tea and tea roses
Flowers have a great smell and colorful buds. The main advantages are repeated flowering and the outstanding parameters of the flower itself - these are powerful stem and root, rich colors, and an unusual aroma. The disadvantages include low immunity to diseases, low resistance to heat and frost.
Climbing rose
One of the most popular types of roses. Plants have long shoots that grow around a fulcrum. They are often used to decorate arbors, fences, columns and facades. Divided by height into three groups:
- semi-climbing - up to 3 m;
- climbing - up to 5 m;
- curly - up to 15 m.
When caring for them, it is necessary to prune already faded shoots. In addition, the plant needs shelter for the winter.
Selection of seedlings
Before you start planting roses at home, you need to familiarize yourself with the variety of varieties presented inhuge assortment. Only after that should you go to a specialized store or nursery. Some gardeners prefer to order this crop in online stores, but in this case it is difficult to check the state of the root system of the plant, although this is of great importance when planting roses. You can buy seedlings in the following form: in a container or with an exposed root system.
Container
When buying in a container, you should pay attention to how densely the earthen ball is filled with roots, the condition of the foliage, and the number of shoots on the bush. High quality seedlings should have a well-developed branched root system. Two or three strong lignified shoots and clean green leaves without any spots. When buying, pay attention to the fact that there are no insects on the seedlings.
Open root system
When buying rose seedlings for planting with an open root system, you should pay attention to the fact that the roots are well branched, have a light cut, are not damaged and dry. You should purchase seedlings that have strong glossy shoots of a green hue with shiny spikes. At least they should have three full-fledged shoots - fresh and smooth to the touch. If, when buying in the spring, the tips of the shoots are a little dry, this is considered the norm.
Thin carton packaging
Sometimes on sale you can find rose cuttings that are in cardboard packaging. The roots of suchplants sprinkled with wet peat. Such seedlings need to be planted along with the packaging. When choosing plants in such containers, you should pay attention to the fact that varieties from Poland and Holland are most often sold in imported packages, those that have remained since autumn. Such seedlings are already quite weakened by long-term storage and it will be very difficult to keep them until roses are planted in the spring.
When to plant roses
The timing of planting this crop directly depends on the region of growth and the type of seedlings. Rose cuttings that have been grown in containers can be planted throughout the season, from May to August. When buying roses with an open root system, planting can be done in spring or autumn. In regions with a mild climate, autumn is considered the best time for planting. Before the onset of frost, the plants will be able to take root well and not freeze. In the middle lane and northern regions, such planting of roses in open ground is considered not very reliable. Indeed, before the onset of winter, the root system of roses does not have time to take root and may suffer. It is best to plant in these terms: from April 20 to May 20, as soon as the soil warms up to 8-10 degrees.
Rose: photo, planting and care
General recommendations: when planting plants, due attention must be paid to the grafting site, it should be at a level of 3-5 cm below the ground.
Thus, we will protect the plants from the heat of the sun, the winter cold. In addition, additional shoots will not be able to develop from the vaccination site, which will inhibit growth anddevelopment of the main. If you notice that the soil has sagged, it is necessary to pour the soil mixture so that holes do not form. Otherwise, water will accumulate in them, which will lead to rotting of the roots. And now we propose to talk about how to plant roses. There are two of the most popular landing methods that have worked well.
Dry method
Recommended for regions with high humidity. At the bottom of the planting hole we will make a small roller of the earth and we will lay the roots of the plant on it. Planting roses is best done together. The assistant gently places the bush in the hole, and the gardener carefully spreads the roots and sprinkles with soil, lightly crushing it with his hands. After that, the bushes are thoroughly shed with water at the rate of 10 liters of water per bush. After 2-3 days, the soil around the plants is loosened and spud to a height of 10 cm, if this advice is neglected, the seedlings may dry out.
Moisture loss has a detrimental effect on the shoots of roses, to avoid this, it is recommended to make them an additional shelter, use wet moss or damp sawdust for this. After planting the rose in open ground, after 10-15 days, the first young shoots appear, if the rose has taken root. Once this has happened, the mounds of earth can be leveled. Do it better on cloudy days.
Wet way
Most of all, this option is suitable for regions with a dry climate. The landing hole is prepared in advance and 10 liters of water are poured into it with a tablet of heteroauxin dissolved in it. With the help of one hand, we release the seedling into the hole,and with the other hand we fall asleep with soil. In this case, the mixture of water and soil will perfectly fill the entire space between the roots, without forming voids. When planting, it is necessary to periodically shake the bush and carefully compact the ground, watering is not required.
If subsidence occurs, the next day, the seedling should be raised a little, add a little earth and spud to a height of 10-15 cm. In addition, after planting, it is recommended to shade the seedling for a period of 10-12 days.
Subtleties of planting seedlings of various types
Planting and caring for roses may vary slightly depending on the variety and type of seedlings. It should be noted that a rose can grow in one place for a long period. Therefore, the place for its landing should be chosen with great care. The soil for planting should be loose and fertile. Consider the rules for planting the following types of plants.
Park. We offer some recommendations for planting roses in the open field, and caring for them. For park roses, planting pits must be made a little larger than for the rest: 90x90 cm, and about 70 cm deep. It is very important that no voids are formed in the row of plantings. If, nevertheless, this happened, it is necessary to plant the empty space with annual flowers. It is recommended to make more compact plantings so that rose seedlings do not give a lot of root shoots that will have to be removed.
Tea and floribunda. Considered the most beautiful view of this culture, we present the following photo to confirm our words.
Planting roses of this species is recommended in the spring. For tea roses, it is necessary to prepare a trellis for climbing shoots. The pits for planting are prepared smaller than for park roses. The requirements for planting holes are as follows: 50x50, with exactly the same distance between plants.
Tea-hybrid. Of all the plant species in this category, they are considered the least capricious. However, hybrid tea roses are heat demanding, so they should only be planted when the weather is consistently warm. The best landing option is wet (we talked about it a little earlier). In addition, it is not recommended to let these roses bloom during the first two weeks. Therefore, the first 4-6 buds must be cut.
Ground covers. When growing roses of this species, a very important condition is the complete absence of weeds on the site. For this purpose, you can use the bark of trees or sawdust to mulch the soil. These plants cover the surface of the earth everywhere, with prickly flexible shoots.
Climbing rose: planting and care
Let's talk about this species in detail. These plants of modern cultivars are characterized by long and very often continuous flowering, relatively short stature, excellent he alth, and most often a delicious aroma.
Landing
Despite the fact that rose cuttings are sold in containers almost all year round, for this plant it is better to buy a bush that has an openroot system, and it should be planted in the fall. It is recommended to follow the following climbing rose planting technology:
- before planting, plants should be placed in water for one to two hours;
- we prepare a landing hole of such a size and depth that the roots can be well straightened;
- put the seedling on the made earthen mound in the hole and gently straighten the roots of the plant along it, it is very important to deepen the grafting site into the ground by 3 fingers;
- fill the hole with earth and ram it well;
- we form a small roller around the plants so that the water does not spread, and water abundantly;
- after the water goes into the ground, we spud the rose to a height of 15 cm, this will reduce evaporation and will serve as a shelter for the winter;
- spring roses need to be unrolled.
For a rose garden, you should choose well-lit, even, dry areas in order for rain and melt water to drain. Groundwater must be at least 2 meters below the soil surface. Regardless of the variety, roses need full watering about 3 times a week. Plants are watered under the root until completely saturated. If there is no drought, roses stop watering from the beginning of autumn, so as not to stimulate the development of young shoots.
Cutting
As you know, pruning promotes more lush flowering. Therefore, it is necessary to cut these semi-lianas, starting at the age of two or three, after they reach 2 meters. After flowering, only elongated lateral shoots are pruned,which are up to 3-5 kidneys.
Ramblers (once flowering) in the event that their fruits are not needed, it is recommended to thin out annually. New shoots in this case are not touched, because on these roses flowers appear on last year's shoots.
In the event that the plant is old and has not been cut for a long time, after flowering it is necessary to cut off half of the lashes up to 30 cm above the soil level. The next year, when new shoots appear instead of the cut ones, it is recommended to remove the old lashes remaining from last year.
Shelter for the winter
This type of plant needs shelter for the winter. It can be carried out in two ways: the plant is untied and bent to the ground or fixed on a support.
- Unsupported method: the bush is removed from the support, tilted at a slight angle to the ground, and then covered with spruce branches. From above they cover and wrap well with fiberglass, it does not let water through and allows the plant to breathe. The soil under the bush is sprinkled with dry earth, and then mulched with fallen leaves.
- Method of shelter on a support: plants take cover directly on the support with the same spruce branches. Then they are wrapped with agrofibre or burlap and secured with twine. Experienced gardeners advise covering several bushes at the same time. With this method, there is a large concentration of dry air between plants. This provides better warmth and helps the roses survive the winter without loss.
Removing cover
In early April, rose bushes are freed fromshelters for only a few hours, and after the snow melts, they are removed completely. The plants are then carefully inspected for damage and disease. If necessary, cut off the affected areas. If the plants have mold, they are treated with a 15% solution of copper sulfate. After the completed activities, climbing roses are tied up.
