People at all times cared about the appearance and integrity of their homes. To date, one of the simplest and cheapest, but at the same time reliable ways of wall cladding is precisely plaster. New finishing materials, manufactured using advanced technologies, make certain changes in the way surface coating is applied. The thickness of the plaster is one of the most important factors that further affects the performance of the building. Layers are applied both from the outer and inner sides of the walls.
Why do you need to plaster walls?
Brick and cinder block houses are able to absorb moisture and as a result let cold and damp through. Applying plaster to the outer walls prevents moisture from entering the room through the seams formed during masonry. The formation of microcracks in construction joints canentail a lot of troubles and problems associated with expensive repairs. Applying plaster on interior walls means leveling the surface and preparing them for further finishing.
Stucco thickness for different surfaces
It should be noted right away that the thickness of the applied solution layer should be minimal, since a large amount of material is quite expensive, and the service life of the coating will be greatly reduced. The thickness of the plaster depends on the base material, the mixture used and the desired effect.
Depending on the type of substrate, the layers of plaster may vary.
Concrete walls
Such coatings have a porous structure, which ensures good adhesion to any kind of plaster. In addition, such surfaces are most often even, so the thickness of the plaster layer on concrete can be from 2 mm. The largest layer without the use of a special reinforcing mesh - 2 cm, with a mesh - 7 cm.
Brick
This material is distinguished by the presence of a relief pattern, which increases adhesion to the plaster. The minimum layer thickness is from 5 mm. Less should not be applied, as there is not enough mortar to hide all existing defects and flaws in the brick surface. The maximum layer without the use of a reinforcing mesh is 2.5 cm, with a mesh - 5 cm.
cellular concrete
Walls built from gas or foam blocks rarely need leveling, as they have a flat surface. As a rule, they are plastered mainly for decorative purposes, so the thickness of the plaster application ranges from 2-15 mm.
Wooden surfaces
Stucco is rarely applied to walls of this type, as the mortar does not hold well. Before applying the mixture to the wall of wood, a reinforcing mesh is mounted. It can be plastic, metal or wood. Wooden and metal products are attached to self-tapping screws or nails, and plastic products to glue. The thickness of the plaster is not regulated, since it is needed only to hide the mesh. Recommended layer - 2 cm.
Gypsum board surface
With the help of GKL, walls are mainly leveled, so the material requires only decorative finishing. If it is decided to use plaster, then it is necessary to purchase high quality sheets. As a rule, 2 mm is enough for decoration, the maximum allowable plaster thickness is 10 mm. If it is necessary to apply a thicker layer, a reinforcing plastic mesh is pre-attached.
Heaters
Contrary to the assertion of some experts, it is necessary to plaster mineral wool, polystyrene foam and other heat-insulating materials. Work begins with the installation of a reinforcing mesh. Next, a small layer of mortar is applied to hide the mesh, and only after that - the main one, 1-2 cm thick.
Thicknessdifferent layers of mortar
First layer - spray. It is applied so that the main amount of the solution is better kept on the coating. For its application, a liquid solution is used. It is simply thrown onto the surface of the wall and is not leveled, so that after it dries, an uneven coating is obtained. It will be much better to lay down the main part of the plaster mortar on it. It is allowed to apply a layer on walls made of concrete and brick no more than 5 mm, on wooden surfaces - 8 mm.
After the first layer dries, a thick layer of plaster is applied to the surface, which is the main one. The thickness of lime compounds or gypsum plasters should be 0.7-3 cm, cement mortars - 0.5-5 cm.
The last layer to be applied is a covering layer (covering). Its minimum thickness is 2 mm. The largest layer should not exceed 5 mm.
Possible deviations
When performing simple plastering, deviations are possible. Along the entire wall, they should not exceed 15 mm, and for each meter - 3 mm. The maximum deviation for high-quality coatings is 1 mm per 1 meter, for the entire wall - 5 mm. At the same time, the number of deviations is limited. For example, for every 4 meters of square surface, there can be a maximum of 3 defects when using ordinary plaster. For a high-quality surface, their number should not exceed 2. The depth of such irregularities should not exceed 5 mm for simple coatings, and 2 mm for high-quality ones.
Exception to rule
Sometimes the curvature of a wall is so greatthat you need to apply much more solution than a layer of 5 cm. For this, a reinforcing mesh is used.
Despite the fact that plaster is not the most expensive building material, it needs a lot of it, so sometimes it is better to refuse it and use drywall boards.
How can I control the mortar layer?
Special beacons are used for control. These are metal guides, the length of which is 3-4 m and the thickness is 6-10 mm. The convenience of six-millimeter products is that they allow you to apply a small layer of the solution. Ten-millimeter guides are more comfortable and rigid.
Lighthouses are mounted after work with a plumb line and revealing the curvature of the coating. When installing, 30 cm recede from the corner, draw a straight line, apply a little mortar and fix the beacon, level it, after which a second one is installed at the opposite corner. The remaining guides are installed on the wall every 130-150 cm. After that, plastering is started. They do this so that the solution does not go beyond the lighthouse.
Experienced specialists can change the thickness of the plaster layers, based on their personal experience, but it is highly undesirable for beginners to deviate from the above parameters and manufacturer's recommendations.
Consumption of plaster per 1 m2 of wall
Before starting repairs, you need to know how much material will be needed. It depends on the following parameters:
- application area;
- wall irregularities;
- layer thickness;
- characteristics of the plaster mixture used.
Usually plaster consumption per 1m2 the wall is written on the package, which allows you to independently calculate the required amount of mortar.
Standard consumption of different types of plaster is as follows:
- Gypsum. Used to level ceilings and walls. Differs in high indicators of durability and moisture resistance. For 1 square consumption - 9 kg (when applying a layer of 10 mm).
- Cement. Can be used for exterior and interior decoration. Most often, the solution is used to cover brickwork, concrete walls and old cement. For 1 m2 consumption 17 kg.
- Decorative (structural). Excellent as a wall decoration, replacing paint, wallpaper, etc. Used for interior and exterior work. Consumption - 3.5-4 kg per 1 square meter (with a layer of 50 mm).
- "Bark beetle". This type of plaster is great for finishing facades. The material has a pleasant relief structure, which serves as a finishing decorative layer. "Bark beetle" is characterized by high strength, moisture resistance and economical consumption. Consumption per 1 m2 on average 2.5-3 kg (with a layer of 1 mm).
- Knauf Rotband. This is a gypsum plaster of a German manufacturer, widely known in the Russian market. It consists of only high quality raw materials. The material belongs to the universal finishing compositions. It is prepared on the basis of building gypsum with the use of additives that slow down its setting and improve the quality of adhesion to the surface. Consumption of Knauf Rotband gypsum plaster with a layer thickness of 1 cm - the norm is 8.5 kg / m².
