A significant part of the population of our state lives in the so-called Khrushchev - typical panel houses, the fashion for which was introduced by Secretary General Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev. Tiny kitchens, cramped co-located units, small hallways… This is familiar to many. Only a few can afford to somehow radically improve their living conditions, to buy an apartment in a new building with all amenities and a large area.
However, there is a way out - to redevelop the Khrushchev. The appearance of the apartment will change at once and will cause only good emotions among the owners. The article will tell in detail about all the features and possible options for redevelopment, about all the pitfalls that the owner of the apartment will meet on his way, knocking over the thresholds of authorities and coordinating the project. Helpful tips and tricks are also provided.
How to approve a project with government agencies and get permission
Bduring the redevelopment of Khrushchev, it will be necessary to demolish the walls and transfer communications. In the event that people who do not have the skills and experience in carrying out such complex operations are taken to work, the consequences can be very deplorable, up to the destruction of an entire house. Therefore, any project is subject to approval by the supervisory authorities.
In different localities, these issues are de alt with by various departments of the city executive authorities. But the order of coordination is regulated. The owner of the apartment or an organization that is interested in redevelopment of the Khrushchev building submits a package of documents to the supervisory authority. Specialists within a period not later than 40 days from the date of registration of the application are required to conduct an examination and issue a conclusion. If the provided option for redevelopment of the Khrushchev building complies with building codes and regulations, then the commission makes a positive decision and gives permission to carry out construction work.
It is necessary to collect certain papers. When applying to the commission, the following documents are provided:
- document that certifies the identity of the applicant;
- certificate of ownership of housing;
- application addressed to the head of the structural unit with a request to consider the redevelopment project;
- document (receipt) confirming payment by the applicant of the state fee and services of specialists;
- registration certificate for an apartment - redevelopment of Khrushchev will be refused if this document is lost or damaged;
- project,drawn up in accordance with the current GOST and building codes and regulations, with a detailed plan of the premises and an indication of its characteristics.
Basic redevelopment techniques
The purpose of any redevelopment is to increase the comfort and convenience of using the premises of the apartment. To achieve this goal, it is often envisaged to demolish the partition and combine the bathroom with the bathroom, while expanding the total usable area of the bathroom and toilet at the expense of part of the corridor area.
Often, during the redevelopment of Khrushchev, a wall is demolished, and the kitchen is connected to the living room. This is only allowed if the two rooms are not separated by a supporting structure.
Some projects provide for the integration (full or partial) of the corridor with living rooms. Especially often, such a solution is used when redevelopment of a two-room Khrushchev.
Cutting out doorways and arches in load-bearing walls is also practiced. Recently, however, supervisory authorities have been extremely reluctant to agree to such projects. The fact is that there have already been several cases in the country when such changes in the design turned into tragedies.
It is also practiced to absorb the pantry area by other rooms due to the demolition of partitions and the insulation of the balcony combined with the living room or kitchen.
What types of work the law prohibits to carry out
Prohibited under current regulations:
- Demolish load-bearing walls and break their load-bearing capacity.
- Combine the balcony and living area by completely demolishing the outer wall. As a rule, only the window frame and the door leading to the balcony are removed. The balcony itself is insulated.
- Increase bathroom and toilet space by reducing living space.
- To take central heating radiators to the balcony. However, the law does not prohibit heating the balcony if the apartment has an autonomous heating system with its own boiler.
- Remove or break the integrity of the ceilings between floors (ceiling and floor) in order to install a staircase and provide a transition to another tier, that is, to combine two apartments on different floors.
- Make structural changes to the ventilation system.
Preparatory stage
When preparing an architectural and design project for the redevelopment of Khrushchev into 2 rooms, you must first of all familiarize yourself with the ready-made samples of work. They cannot be called typical, but nevertheless they are often taken as the basis for the design of apartments. This approach will save a fairly large amount only on architectural and design research.
Redevelopment of Khrushchev into 2 rooms is quite laborious and requires high qualifications from both the designer and the direct executor of the work. The adoption of any decision is preceded by a thorough study of the documentation, taking into account the laying of communications, the location and power of sockets. Of course, the footage of the apartment, the nature and bearing capacity of interior partitions have a great influence on the course and design techniques.
At the moment, in each region there are organizations that, for a fee, are ready to provide services for design, support and directly for construction work. Due to the high degree of complexity of such engineering tasks, it is recommended to entrust this matter to professionals. It is unlikely that a person who does not have an education in the field of construction will be able to independently create a project in compliance with all building codes, as well as the rules for drawing up drawing documentation. But the services of such organizations when working, as they say, on a turnkey basis, are quite expensive. Therefore, if the budget is limited, it is recommended to carry out repairs without redevelopment. Khrushchev, with a skillful approach, can be made very cozy and stylish, meeting the needs of all family members, while not starting "revolutions" and not tearing down the walls. In this case, you can do without the involvement of specialists from outside. The main thing is that the owner (hostess) has a good taste and sense of style, as well as an understanding of the basics of efficient use of space.
Remodeling a two-room Khrushchev: how to optimize space
The main message of modern design thought is that it is necessary, if possible, to remove all walls that are not load-bearing, and increase the usable space of the living room. In other words, get a studio. A popular technique is to combine the living room with the kitchen. At the same time, the kitchen area is separated from the hall by a countertop.
But you can do without suchradical changes. Khrushchev without redevelopment can look great and be comfortable for life. All that is needed is to competently change the doors to arched openings. The perception of space will change in an instant, and it will be very pleasant to be in such a room.
Combining a bathroom
The standard bathroom area in Khrushchev is clearly not enough to accommodate all the appliances necessary for a comfortable life. Therefore, they often resort to combining it with a toilet. The bathroom space is also expanded by the hallway. Currently, more and more bulky bathroom is replaced by a compact and practical shower. Also, in order to free up space and visually expand it, household appliances (primarily a washing machine) are removed from the bathroom. It all carries over to the kitchen.
Zoning the space of rooms
When creating a project, it is necessary to take into account the interests and strive to ensure maximum comfort for all family members. Khrushchev after redevelopment will become, despite its small size, comfortable and functional. Even in one room, competently divided into sections, a large family can live. At the same time, people will not interfere with each other.
Kitchen redevelopment features
When redeveloping a one-room Khrushchev, the greatest difficulties arise with the kitchen. These rooms in such houses and apartments have a very small area (no more than 6 m2), which does not allow to somehow optimize the space. The only way out is the demolition of the wall separating the kitchen from the living room, and the creation of a kitchen-studios. It is also practiced to increase the area due to other adjacent premises.
Such a studio is divided into two functional areas: for eating and for guests. Khrushchev after redevelopment takes on a completely different look. Being in such a room is a pleasure. If you approach the matter creatively, then a gray and uncomfortable apartment will turn into a masterpiece, it will have a magnificent designer interior.
Demolition of the partition is only half the battle. In order for the room to be organic, and the interior design to be stylish and complete, it is necessary to separate the eating area from the working area (or recreation area). A similar problem is solved by different designers in different ways. Some people like to play with lighting, emphasizing certain features of the interior. Bright lamps are installed in the kitchen, and low-power lighting fixtures are installed in the rest room. It is also possible to use different shades of light.
In some cases, in order to separate the kitchen from another room, a bar counter is installed on their border. Such a technique is already a kind of classic of the genre in the design of the Khrushchev redevelopment. It has been tested in practice for a long time and is effective. It's a win-win.
In some cases, it is advisable to mark the dividing line with some kind of aquarium or a small rack. On the rack, as a rule, a small number of books or magazines, some kind of decorative vase and other original things are placed. Also many designersuse for these purposes various curtains made of threads. Such elements of the interior design transmit light rays well, look very modern and stylish. In addition, such a curtain can be assembled at any time (for example, when there are guests in the house) and will not create inconvenience and prevent a large number of people from moving from the kitchen to the living room.
Combining multiple rooms
The redevelopment of a 2-room Khrushchev in most cases is accompanied by the demolition of the interior wall. The resulting area is divided into zones in accordance with the preferences and needs of a particular family. If there are teenage children in the family, then a play area with a prefix and a large TV is often organized in the hall. Many people prefer the classic baroque style to modern high-tech. The resulting expansive space is great for experimenting with different styles.
But most often, the owners prefer to decorate their apartments in a minimalist style. It is minimalism that maximally emphasizes all the advantages of redevelopment and the expressiveness of rooms with an increased area. A characteristic feature of minimalism is light shades in the decoration of the apartment and furniture, which allows you to visually greatly increase the volume of the premises. In addition, such colors have a calming effect on the human psyche, dispose him to emotional relief and relaxation.
Often, such repairs are carried out by people of creative professions: artists, sculptors, architects … An apartment for them is not only a place inwhere they live and eat, but also the workshop in which they create. In the expanded hall, you can neatly fold all the inventory. And when working, you don’t have to fuss and run from room to room, wasting a lot of strength and energy on it. In this case, favorable conditions are created for the realization of creative potential. After all, everything you need is at hand.
How interior partitions are demolished
In the course of redevelopment work, it is necessary to destroy interior partitions, punch door holes in load-bearing walls. Such work is accompanied by the receipt of a large amount of construction debris and dust. Moreover, the dust is very finely dispersed, it contains substances that can harm a person and cause serious illness. Therefore, when carrying out these works, you must strictly adhere to safety regulations, use personal protective equipment.
Before starting work, be sure to purchase and prepare special bags for construction debris. And as it appears, you need to quickly put it in bags and take it out into the corridor. Otherwise, if you start the situation, you will literally have to jump over mountains of garbage, which will take a lot of energy and effort. And subsequently it will take a very long time to remove this very garbage and suspend the execution of all work for a long time. It's better to avoid such situations.
It is important to choose the right time for the dismantling of partitions and punching holes inbearing walls. These works are accompanied by strong noise and roar and give the neighbors a lot of discomfort. And it's not even that neighbors can complain about the owner to the appropriate authorities for exceeding noise standards. It’s just that all people, and even more so neighbors, must be treated well and try not to cause them any inconvenience. Therefore, it is recommended to work on the demolition of the walls exclusively during working hours on weekdays.
Also use tools with a dust bag whenever possible. This will minimize the harmful effects of dust on the human body, as well as reduce the amount of cleaning work. All these circumstances give rise to a number of inconveniences. But it's worth it: the apartment will eventually change (for the better) beyond recognition and will have an original design. Khrushchev without redevelopment is unlikely to provide a good quality of life for their owners. But apartments with redevelopment are quite.
