The strength of reinforced concrete structures depends on the formulation and the quality of the pouring solution. The concrete pouring technology consists in compacting the mixture to remove air bubbles that turn into pores when solidified. To facilitate the process, various types of deep and platform vibrators are used. These devices allow you to pour durable reinforced concrete structures that meet quality standards.
Scope of application
The scope of surface-type machines is quite wide, they can be used for compacting liquid solutions and bulk materials, dehydrating food products, unloading bunkers. Mechanization of the main and auxiliary processes in the construction of buildings and roads, the production of bricks and paving slabs - this is the scope of platform vibrators. The device is operated with a tamping shield or a vibrating table - depending on the conditions.
Purpose and principle of operation
Vibratory compactor for concrete reduces the porosity of the hardened product by displacing air from the mixture. The second function of the device is shaking in order to penetrate the solution into the cracks and gaps of the structure being poured to increase strength. The principle of operation of a vibrator of any type is to unwind the eccentrics located on the shaft of an asynchronous motor. The vibrations of the shaft, caused by the transformation of electrical energy into mechanical energy, are transmitted to the vibrator body, and then to the concrete.
For an external or platform vibrator of a surface type, a wooden or metal shield is placed on the solution layer, which transmits vibrations to the solution from the device case. The scope of the machines fixed on the shields is the shaking of concrete solutions of any type in structures with dense reinforcement, where the operation of a deep vibrator is impossible.
Design of surface vibrator
The site vibrator device is universal for any model and brand. This is a robust housing with an integrated electric motor, on the shaft of which eccentrics are mounted to shift the center of gravity. The vibrations generated by the rotation of the electric motor are transmitted to a bolted plate or table. The vibratory compactor can be supplied with a gasoline engine for operation in places without power.
Having a similar device, different models differ in design. Some models are sold as an encased motor, others withattached metal plate and handle to hold the vibrator, protective cast iron shields, and so on.
The simplest design has cheap household machines designed for a short life and home construction. More expensive vibratory compactors are equipped with prefabricated metal shields, representing a complete device, ready for use.
Depending on the type of work performed, the vibrator is attached to the table, molding cassettes for the production of bricks or paving slabs, metal plates or to the dosing gates of bulk material bins.
Key Features
The technical characteristics of platform vibrators depend on the purpose of the device: household or professional. According to the power of the electric motor, vibrators are divided into household, semi-professional and professional. The electric motor power of the first is 0.2-1 kW, the second is 1-10 kW, the third is up to 24 kW. Household surface vibrators are designed for a supply voltage of 220 V and a frequency of 50 Hz. The rest operate with different nominal supply voltages - 42 and 380 V, designed for a power grid frequency of 50-200 Hz.
The second important characteristic of platform vibrators is the driving force that causes vibrations. It varies from 200-400 N to several tens of kN and depends on the mass of the eccentrics and the speed of the motor shaft.
Surface vibrators are rather massive devices even for household needs. Their weight is severalkilogram, and the weight of a professional is measured in tens of kilograms.
The performance of the compaction process depends on many parameters of the vibrocompactor, but the main ones are weight, power and driving force, which are guided by when choosing.
Marking of vibrators
Household platform vibrators are marked with the letter "E" regardless of the model name, which means the frequency of the supply voltage is 50 Hz. Vibrating compactors marked with the letters "A" and "B" are made from conventional components using standard parts. These machines are suitable for small jobs with up to 900 hours running time.
Expensive vibrators are marked with the letter "H", meaning increased protection against dust and moisture. Such vibration compactors are assembled with additional protective covers, shields, and the winding of electric motors can be double impregnated. The service life of machines marked with the letter “H” is increased by at least three times.
