Most owners of houses and apartments constantly want to modernize, improve their living space, use space more efficiently. In the process of repair work, not only standard finishing work is carried out, but also serious redevelopment. Most often, this is done by the owners of large apartments and houses where the rooms are small - they want to own a three-room apartment, for example, with a huge children's room, a gym and a large bathroom. Also, redevelopment is done by lovers of studio apartments. Events can develop in two versions - the construction of walls, arched structures, plasterboard partitions and the creation of doorways. The last option is associated with certain difficulties.
If the wall is load-bearing, for many it is an obstacle, but there is a way out of this situation. It is necessary to make an opening in the supporting structure.
Ordinary orstyle?
Despite the fact that doorways (the photo can be seen in the article) are an integral part of absolutely any interiors, many of them are considered insignificant elements. At the same time, there is no doubt about the need for an opening. However, many manage to approach the task creatively, as a result, the most daring design ideas come to life.
The doorway (photos of examples can be seen in our article) really has long ceased to be something ordinary. To be convinced of this, it is enough to buy and look through a glossy magazine dedicated to the topic of repairs. There you can see how stylish the opening can look. To arrange a structure that will not be inferior to the one shown in a fashion magazine, you will have to spend a certain amount of money, choose the right solution, and carry out certain activities. Separately, it should be said about obtaining permits for such redevelopment.
Materials
The widest scope for creativity can be obtained with the help of drywall constructions. The doorway can be trimmed with various decorative elements - these can be baguettes, polyurethane trim, textured panels. The only limitation in mass is that drywall is fragile and simply cannot withstand many decorative elements.
There are many more options for brick walls. A brick wall allows you to make an opening from an array of natural wood. Metal constructions will also not cause any special problems. It should be borne in mind that the brick itself is quite heavy, so a jumper at the top of the opening is required. She iswill take on all the loads that the capital solid wall used to take. For interior doorways, an interesting solution is a mosaic along the contour, with which you can mask various defects.
In houses that are built from foam blocks, a variety of openings are installed - they can be made of wood, metal, plastic. The foam block is quite durable. We must not forget that in such structures the opening should be insulated, especially if it is under the front door.
Project approval
Before constructing doorways in the walls, it is necessary to study the legal nuances. Even a slight change in the position of the openings in the bearing wall is already redevelopment. To carry out these works, it is imperative to coordinate this moment with the relevant services before starting repairs. Otherwise, the property may be seized and the owner will be forced to pay a fine.
If an opening in the supporting structure is being equipped, you should contact the appropriate specialists. Such projects are not developed independently - the chance for approval is very small. It also depends on whether a permit will be issued, on the thickness of the walls and the floor on which the apartment is located.
Preparation
Before starting work, experts recommend assessing the possibilities of the budget. They determine who will perform the work - the owner of the home on their own or a team of repairmen. In the second case, you will have to pay money for services, but in case of errors and shortcomings, all responsibilitywill be on the company.
In the case of independent work, the cost will depend on the availability of tools and fixtures. To organize the opening, a diamond wheel is needed. If you only need it once, there is no point in buying it. If there is a circle, the repair price will also depend on the cost of the consumables used.
Required information
You also need to get the following important information. You need to know about the materials from which the walls are built. Each material has its own characteristics. It is also important how wide the future opening will be, how many floors the house has, whether there are various flaws and defects on the wall and inside it.
This data will be needed to calculate the scale of reinforcement of the opening in the supporting structure. The level of reliability is determined by the number of floors, the presence or absence of defects in the wall, as well as the width of the door.
What do you need for work?
When all the information is known, consumables are purchased, then they proceed directly to work on installing the doorway. To do this, you need a measuring tool for measurements and marking work - you can use a tape measure. It will be useful to have special clothing, as well as safety equipment. To reduce the amount of dust and waste, bags are prepared for construction waste. It is also worth taking care of a construction vacuum cleaner. To reduce dust, the walls are thoroughly moistened beforehand.
To dismantle the wall, you need an angle grinder or grinder with diamond discs. If the machine could not be found or there are no diamond wheels, then a sledgehammer will do. You also need a puncher and a set of nozzles for it. If the wall is to be dismantled with a sledgehammer, then you should work very carefully so that you end up with an opening corresponding to the marking with smooth edges.
Sizes and standards
Calculate the dimensions of the structure. In the process of calculations, it is worth using the numbers from the standards. They are indicated in the relevant GOSTs and SNiPa. Standard sizes are clearly regulated in GOST 6629-88. This is an important GOST in the process of arranging a doorway with your own hands.
So, the minimum width can be 55 centimeters. The opening for double doors can be from 120 to 150 centimeters wide. It is also necessary to understand what is needed for the opening to be many centimeters larger.
Reliance on GOSTs will help to calculate the optimal size. There you can find out the standards for all types of doors - these are hinged, sliding, sliding structures.
Installation in concrete and brick wall
The load-bearing wall can most often be made of concrete or brick. Although experts do not recommend destroying such walls, it is still possible to obtain permission for redevelopment.
When working with a brick wall, it is desirable to remove old wallpaper, a layer of plaster, as well as all other finishes. This will help you see the masonry. Then mark the future opening. Then they mark the place where the jumper will be installed for reinforcement, which will prevent the collapse of the wall.
Having outlined a rectangle according to the size of the opening, holes are drilled in the upper corners - thiswill allow you to get working points on the other side. Holes must be through. Then you need to make sure that the jumper supports a number of elements - this will work if you remove the plaster and finish. Next, the markup is adjusted to the level of the seam between the bricks.
Using a hammer and chisel, make a niche for the future jumper on each side of the wall. Then a hole is drilled for mounting bolts for fastening the jumper. The grinder cuts through the upper part of the wall - this will be a niche for the lintel. Its depth should correspond to the size of the corner. The thickness corresponds to the thickness of the corners. The hole is cut 15-20 centimeters on each side. A corner is installed in the niche, and the holes are filled with a mortar based on cement and sand.
How to cut a doorway? Nuances
After the opening is strengthened, you can start dismantling. For quick and high-quality removal of a wall section, experts advise using a diamond saw. If there is none, then a puncher, chisel, sledgehammer and other tools will do.
Holes are cut along the borders with a diamond wheel to the depth of the circle. Next, a wall is dismantled with a puncher or a chisel. After dismantling, the jumper is finalized - it is better to connect the corners together by electric welding. But they can also be fastened in a different way - with the help of self-tapping screws and bolts. The holes where the corners are installed are cemented.
Drywall opening
Here's how to make a doorway. You will need drywall sheets, a profile, cutting tools, a nail puller, a tape measure, a plumb line, a level, a spatula and a hammer, fastenersitems.
If an opening in the room is created in place of an existing one, then the doors and the box are dismantled. First of all, the doors are removed from the hinges, all trims are removed, and the box is dismantled. If it is necessary to expand the opening, it is expanded in the manner described above. If this design in the room will be created in a plasterboard partition, the project is developed in advance.
Installing the frame
For this, two metal racks are installed. They are installed along the width of the door and slopes for it. It is necessary to leave a place between the box and the slopes. Further, mounting foam will be poured into this space. Above and below the opening in an apartment or house, a carrier profile is mounted horizontally.
To ensure strength, rack profiles are installed in the amount of four pieces. The height of these profiles must be equal to the height of the door. Each of the profiles is inserted into the other, thereby closing the structure - as a result, four 90-degree angles should be obtained. Self-tapping screws are used for fasteners.
Next, the frame is installed in the opening and secured with bolts or long screws. Finishing the doorway is done according to personal preferences. Design color may vary.
Opening without a door
Gypsum board constructions are designed for the subsequent installation of doors of standard sizes. Now solutions without doors are also popular. These are plasterboard arches, installed when it is physically impossibleinstall the door.
To create a doorway without a door, you will need a profile of the desired length - it will serve as a bend for the future arch. Then, on this profile, after 4-6 cm, notches are made in the form of a triangle. Notches are made where the profile will bend. The bent profile is fixed before the opening is sheathed with plasterboard sheets. When the upper part of the arch is ready, sheathing is carried out. Sheathing is done using an already trimmed sheet. It is better to pre-moisten the sheet with water.
At the final stage, finishing work is performed - drywall can be plastered, painted, tiled.
Finish
A popular trend is the decoration of doorways in houses and apartments using clinker tiles. High popularity is explained by a large selection of colors and shades and ease of use. There are corner products that are ideal for the opening.
Also one of the stylish solutions is an artificial stone. Unlike tiles, this material is more diverse in terms of colors. The stone almost perfectly imitates the external data and texture of natural stone.
Gypsum board solutions can be wallpapered, painted, finished with ceramic or other lightweight tiles.
Conclusion
Doorways in the house are made in the same way. The only thing is that for private houses do not need permission for redevelopment. As you can see, there is nothing complicated in the process, and everything can be done if desired. DIY.
