The question of whether it is worth insulating the walls of the house from the inside still does not have a definite answer. Some experts are ardent opponents of this option. Others, on the contrary, believe that such a decision will create the most comfortable conditions for people's lives. It should be noted that both are correct. It all depends on the specific situation, according to which this or that decision must be made. But even before starting work on insulating the walls of the house from the inside, it is important to study the features of the process and select safe material.
Key Benefits
Insulation of the walls of the house from the inside is especially important in apartment buildings. It is sometimes the only option for creating comfortable conditions in those rooms that are adjacent to unheated, cold technical rooms or staircases. It is possible to insulate the walls from the inside in a private house. Such a solution will preserve the original appearance of the facade or increase the amount of heat that will be stored in the building.
Such work refers to non-traditional technologies. Most often, their implementation is recommended in cases where it is simply impossible to arrange external insulation. These are, for example, the same high-rise buildings. After all, sometimes very often it is required to maintain heat in the premises of a panel house. Insulation of the walls in the apartment from the inside will be the only option when the work can be carried out independently, in the shortest possible time and without obtaining the appropriate permits that are necessary for the arrangement of the facade. As a result, the comfort of housing will increase, and the owners will forget about such troubles as fungus and mold.
Possible problems
Despite certain advantages, the insulation of the walls of the house from the inside also has a number of disadvantages. It was they who became the reason for the appearance of opponents of this decision. So, the presence of insulation on the internal walls of the building contributes to problems such as:
- Insecurity of the walls from the cold. After all, the supporting structure of the house does not get rid of contact with the outside air. This leads to its rapid destruction. Cracks begin to appear on the surface of the walls, because their insulation from the inside takes a certain part of the heat. And if before the events, the external structures of the building were heated from the inside, then upon completion of the work, this process stops.
- Condensation. As you know, on a cold surface in contact with warm air, moisture droplets form. This phenomenon is called the "dew point". The main goal facing the thermal insulation of the house is to move such a point beyondoutside structure limits. Wall insulation from the inside in a private house or in a high-rise apartment leads to the formation of condensate at the border between the insulation and its surface. In this regard, the process is hidden from the owners, and they simply do not notice it. Walls with high humidity become an excellent breeding ground for mold and fungi.
- Reducing the area of rooms. Today, the construction industry produces various types of the most modern materials with a fairly high efficiency. However, she has not yet come up with one that, while maintaining high technical characteristics, would be very small in its thickness. Warming the house from the inside will take from the premises from 5 to 10 cm of their space, which will significantly reduce the usable area. At first glance, this is not very noticeable. But if you count the entire building, the figure will be quite impressive.
Based on the foregoing, before starting work on insulating the walls of the house from the inside, it is advisable to carefully consider the negative aspects of such a decision. It is necessary to get rid of possible problems already at the initial stage, because otherwise the negative result will become noticeable already in the first years of such operation.
Materials
What does the use of technology that provides for the insulation of the surface of the walls from the inside of the building allow? It can be a variety of materials with their own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. As a rule, the most popular options for insulation for such work are mineral wool andfoam plastic, foam plastic, as well as boards made from wood fiber. Consider their advantages and disadvantages in more detail.
Styrofoam
Very often the owners, who decide to insulate the house from the inside, opt for this material. After all, it is quite effective and, importantly, has a low cost. As a rule, 5 cm of such a protective layer is enough to provide a comfortable microclimate in the premises.
Styrofoam is most often insulated with walls in apartments of multi-storey buildings. The use of this material allows for quick installation, without additional tools and complex processing.
Among the disadvantages of polystyrene are the following:
- low strength;
- flammability;
- poor vapor permeability.
The latest forecast contributes to the transformation of the house into a real greenhouse. In order to avoid this problem, it will be necessary to equip forced ventilation, which will require additional labor and financial costs.
Penoplex
The closest relative of polystyrene is extruded polystyrene foam, also known as polystyrene foam. Outwardly, these two materials are very similar to each other. However, foam boards are orange, not white. In addition, extruded polystyrene foam is more durable, which makes it durable.
However, the disadvantages of foam plastic in the form of flammability and poor vapor permeability of this material are still preserved. Insulation of the internal surfaces of the walls when using it will not give the house“breathe”, which will require forced ventilation.
Can expanded polystyrene be used to create comfortable indoor conditions? Yes, but you will need to prepare in advance for possible problems and fix them in time.
This option is more suitable for insulating the walls of a brick house from the inside, as well as one built from lightweight concrete. As for wood, it is usually chosen for the construction of buildings for its ability to "breathe". But the foam and foam block the air flow. This negates all the benefits of wood.
Mineral wool
These heaters are also widely used for interior cladding. Attractive in this material is its inexpensive price. Experts recommend using mineral wool in hard slabs to insulate the wall of the house from the inside with mineral wool. This material is easy to install, non-flammable and has high strength.
Rolled mineral wool is produced under such brands as Rockwool, Knauf, and Isover. She has a good:
1. Thermal conductivity. This allows you to use a thin layer of insulation.
2. Soundproof. The use of glass wool provides excellent protection against street noise. The air layer between its fibers contributes to similar properties of the material.
3. Water vapor permeability.
4. Tensile strength.5. Resistant to biological agents such as rodents.
In favor of this insulation, hishigh service life. It has been successfully fulfilling its functions for fifty years. In addition, mineral wool has a low density and low weight.
However, it should be borne in mind that this material perfectly absorbs water, ceasing to function after that according to its intended purpose. In order to prevent this from happening, provide vapor barrier and waterproofing in the form of a film or membrane. The first protects the insulation from the side of warm air, and the second - from the cold side.
Fibreboard
Insulation of the walls in the house from the inside can be done using fibreboard. They have:
- good sound absorption and thermal insulation;
- unattractive to rodents and insects;
- good resistance to moisture and temperature extremes;
- ease of processing using any tool;
- simple installation;
- convenience for wiring.
However, it should be borne in mind that fiberboard boards are subject to treatment with toxic substances. This carries a danger to humans. That is why this material is most often used for outdoor decoration.
Insulation of frame houses
For those who decide to improve the comfort of their home, you will need to check its condition. If any defects are found, they will need to be eliminated before work begins. Warming the walls of a frame house from the inside will require their cleaning and removal of foreign objects. An important point is alsowill get rid of the gaps present in the structural elements. To do this, you need to apply mounting foam. If the wood of the walls is damp, then it is dried with a building hair dryer.
Carrying out the insulation of the walls of the house from the inside with your own hands, you will need to go through two stages. The first of these is the installation of waterproofing. The second stage involves laying a layer of thermal insulation.
Waterproofing is pre-cut into strips corresponding to the size of the walls and attached to them. Next, a heater is laid, placing it between the racks of a pre-arranged crate. The material chosen to create a comfortable temperature in the room is pre-cut into strips corresponding to the area of the walls. At the same time, their size may exceed the required one by 5 cm. Such a nuance allows you to lay the insulation more densely. This will increase the effectiveness of its application.
Insulation of wooden houses
Work in such buildings begins with the installation of the crate, which is equipped on the bearing walls. In this case, it is recommended to use a beam. Insulation of the walls of a wooden house from the inside using a metal profile makes sense in cases where in the future they will be sheathed with moisture-resistant plasterboard.
To create even and regular corners, corner posts are prepared from a bar with a section of 50 x 100 mm. Their height should be equal to the height of the room. Along the edge of such a beam, a second one is reinforced with self-tapping screws, with a smaller section (50 x 50 mm). Such a solution will fix the selected materialinside the created structure.
Insulation of the walls of a wooden house from the inside will require their pre-treatment with a special liquid. This will protect the surface from rotting and burning.
The next step in insulating the walls of a wooden house from the inside with your own hands is the installation of bars, which are fastened in 50 cm increments. After completing the arrangement of the crate, you can begin the process of fixing the material, which is most often mineral wool. The insulation is pre-cut to the height of the walls with a width exceeding the distance between the vertical parts of the structure by 2 cm.
Mineral wool is fastened inside the crate with anchor bolts. It can be laid in 2 layers, between which a film should be placed.
After fixing the heat insulator, bars of 30x40 mm in size are mounted. Next, sheathing is performed using the decorative material chosen by the owners, which can be, for example, lining. By the way, it will allow you to additionally insulate the house. In this case, the interior will look very attractive.
Insulation of panel houses
In order to create a comfortable temperature in such a building, as a rule, mineral wool is used. In addition, wall insulation in a panel house from the inside can be done with foam and fiberboard, foamed polyurethane and cork.
How are these jobs done? Insulation of walls in a panel house from the inside will require their cleaning from old coatings. A vacuum cleaner can be used to remove dirt. Surface followstreat with a primer and antiseptic. After applying the next layer, the wall must be allowed to dry thoroughly. At the next stage, the surface is leveled with plaster, covering all joints with mastic, sealant or moisture-resistant mortar. Only after that proceed to the arrangement of the heat insulator. They complete the work with the installation of the facing material, on which the final finish is applied.
Insulation of brick houses
Buildings made of this material are durable and strong. However, brick retains heat much worse than, for example, wood. In order to maintain a comfortable temperature in the premises, it will be necessary to protect the walls from the cold.
Very often, the owners insulate the walls with isover from the inside in a brick house. Mineral wool is on the list of one of the most popular materials for such work. However, it should be borne in mind that you cannot leave it open. After all, over time, mineral wool will begin to emit dust that adversely affects the he alth of residents. If a brick house using this material is insulated correctly, then there will be no problems in the future. In this case, it will only be necessary to carry out waterproofing of the insulating layers, since they easily absorb moisture, get wet, and as a result lose their properties.
To install an insulating layer of mineral wool with your own hands, you will need to prepare the following materials and tools:
- wooden slats;
- mineral wool;
- waterproofing film;
- film for vapor barrier;
-plaster;
- primer;
- spatula;
- plywood or drywall.
The installation of mineral wool is carried out after a thorough preparation of the walls, which are plastered and primed. It is not necessary to level such a surface, because in the future a crate will be mounted on it.
After the walls have dried, a layer of waterproofing is attached to them. Next, they begin to form the crate, which is made of wooden slats, fastening them together with screws. The next step is to install a heater. A vapor barrier film is placed on top of it and the laths of the crate. Cover such a structure with sheets of drywall or plywood. The joints of the facing material are sealed with putty.
