The design of buildings for various purposes is based on the developed building codes, certain standards. Engineering communications networks, as well as openings for windows and doors, must comply with approved standards.
They are not invented to complicate life. These data were obtained by summarizing experience and scientific research. Standard window sizes are no exception.
Why a standard size is needed
The use of standard-sized structures when building your own home is highly desirable. After all, the GOST of window openings is designed in such a way as to provide a sufficient level of illumination of the rooms and at the same time retain heat in the cold season. Besides, the majority of the enterprises let out window frames with double-glazed windows of the standard sizes. When ordering a non-standard window, you will have to pay extra.
When choosing the size of a window in a room, several characteristic parameters are taken into account:
- Glass type. If you want to decorate the room with tinted glass, you need to plan a larger window opening. This means that the windows will have an area larger compared to windows with transparent glass. The frame size is 3 cm smaller than the window opening.
- Geographic latitude. For areas south of the forty-fifth parallel, a design coefficient of 0.75 is used. Typical window sizes are 25% smaller than standard ones. In areas located north of the sixtieth latitude, the coefficient is 1, 2. All standard window dimensions are increased by 20%.
- The area of the room. For effective lighting, the ratio of the area of all the windows of the room to the area of \u200b\u200bthe floor is from 1/8 to 1/5.
- Building type. For residential, office, educational and other premises, their own lighting standards have been developed.
Standard window sizes depend on the specific type of house, as well as the materials used for construction. A huge number of building projects have been developed. All of them are divided into several general groups.
Old Fund
It includes houses built before the revolution, at the dawn of the 20th century or earlier. Features of buildings of the old fund:
- thick brick walls;
- spacious rooms with long corridors;
- ceilings from three meters high;
- high windows.
In such buildings, window openings are both narrow and wide enough.
| Typewindows | Standard house window sizes |
| Single leaf |
1 150 × 1 900 mm 850 × 1 150 mm |
| Bivalve |
1 150 × 1 900 mm 1 300 × 2 200 mm 1,500 × 1,900 mm |
| Tri-leaved | 2 400 × 2 100 mm |
Houses of the Stalin period
Buildings built from the 30s to the 60s of the XX century are often very attractive in appearance. Stalinok Features:
- strict architecture;
- ceilings up to five meters high;
- large rooms, spacious kitchens.
These houses were built of red brick. Outside, they made granite cladding or plastered. At this time, the buildings were decorated with stucco molding and trimmed with bas-reliefs. Because of the large rooms, there were no single-leaf windows.
| Window type | Width and height of a standard window |
| Bivalve |
1 150 × 1 950 mm 1,500 × 1,900 mm |
| Tri-leaved | 1,700 × 1,900 mm |
Khrushchevs
This is the name given to typical houses built from the 50s to the 85s of the XX century. The appearance of the Khrushchev houses is familiar to everyone: flat roofs, no facade decorations.
Characterized by:
- built with panels or sand-lime bricks;
- have 3 - 5floors;
- ceiling height - 2, 3 - 2.5 m;
- poor sound insulation;
- small rooms and kitchen.
| Building material of the building | Window type | Size of a standard window in an apartment |
| Brick, wide window sills |
Bivalve Tri-leaved |
1 450 × 1 500 mm 2040 ×1500mm |
| Concrete panels, narrow window sills |
Bivalve Tri-leaved |
1 300 × 1 350 mm 2040 × 1350 mm |
Brezhnevka
This is the name of apartments with an improved layout, which were built from the mid-60s to the end of the 80s of the XX century. Features:
- more spacious kitchens and rooms in comparison with Khrushchev;
- have 5 to 9 floors;
- beautified with elevators, garbage chutes.
Designed several series of houses with improved planning. Standard sizes of window openings are different in each series. There is a catalog of descriptions of typical houses. Many series are still in demand today.
| House design series | Window type | Standard window sizes |
| 602 |
Bivalve Tri-leaved |
1 450 × 1 210 mm 2 100 × 1 450 mm |
| 606 |
Bivalve Tri-leaved |
1 450 ×1,410 mm 1 700 × 1 410 mm |
| 600 | Tri-leaved |
2 380 × 1 130 mm 2 380 ×1 420 mm 2 690 × 1 420 mm |
Typical new buildings
Modern new buildings are diverse. There are more than 40 project series of such houses.
Standard window sizes for each series are individual.
| House design series | Double window | Tri-leaf window |
| 504 | 1 450 × 1 410 mm | 1 700 × 1 410 mm |
| 137 | 1 150 × 1 420 mm | 1 700 × 1 420 mm |
| 504D | 1 420 × 1 100 mm | 1 420 × 2 030 mm |
| 505 | 1 4100 × 1 450 mm | 1 410 × 2 030 mm |
| 600.11 | 1 410 × 1 450 mm | 1 410 × 2 050 mm |
Relativity of standards
Window manufacturers allow a slight deviation of linear dimensions from project documentation in manufacturing technology. Deviations of +2mm/−1mm are considered within acceptable limits.
Proven by experience and long-term operation, the ratio "width / height" allows you to guarantee the reliability of windowdesigns.
You can not arbitrarily increase the windows, achieving greater illumination. This leads to deformation of the frame, its breakage. Structural mechanisms or parts are damaged. Standard window sizes for a particular building are calculated taking into account its purpose, location and size.
Keep in mind that current construction standards are somewhat relative.
PVC windows
On the modern construction market, windows with frames made of plastic are most in demand. Initially, they were mass-produced for installation in panel houses. Plastic windows were produced in standard sizes: 1,200 x 1,200 mm and 1,300 x 1,400 mm.
Today there are single-leaf, double-leaf and three-leaf plastic windows.
Because openings vary depending on the type of building, PVC windows are easy to make to size.
Modern technologies make it possible to produce window structures not only of almost any size, but also of shape. Of course, there are some design features that are best not to be neglected:
- if the sash is pivoting, its height is planned to be several times greater than the width;
- if a folding type mechanism is provided, it is advisable to choose a width greater than the height;
- Glass size is recommended no more than 1,000 mm2, otherwise the risk of breakage increases.
PVC window manufacturers joke that custom windows are now the standard. To make a design for an unusualopening, you need a separate development of drawings and careful observance of dimensions. Therefore, when ordering individually, you need to take into account that it will cost significantly more than plastic windows of standard sizes.
Tri-leaf window
Its design consists of two fairly narrow side wings with a wide section between them. As standard, the central part is blank.
To determine the dimensions of a new three-leaf window, measure the width of the opening between the outer slopes. Then you need to measure the height of the future window: the distance from the upper lintel of the opening to the ebb. Tri-leaf window standard dimensions:
| Design | Height, mm | Width, mm |
| Window opening | 1 200; 1350; 1 500 | 1 800; 2 100 |
| Window | 1 170; 1320; 1470 | 1 170; 2070 |
In modern high-rise buildings, three-leaf windows with a size of 2,050 x 1,400 mm are most often installed. Of course, you can order production for individual construction.
Windows in a private house
When building their own home, the owner can choose standard window sizes or focus on personal preference.
Most often in individual construction, the installation of several windows in one room is used. It is more economical to use double-leaf windows of a standardsize. Projects of country houses of many construction companies are focused on this.
How to determine how many openings to provide in the room for installing windows? It is necessary to calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe facade, as well as the floor area of \u200b\u200bthe entire room. It is accepted that the best illumination of living rooms can be achieved if the total area of windows is 12 - 18% of the floor area. However, it should not exceed 25% of the facade area.
One has to wonder which side to place the windows on when building an individual country house. Based on the principles of energy saving, designers advise placing windows mostly on the south and west sides of the house. Here, the sun's rays will provide maximum natural light, and heat loss through the windows will be minimal. Of course, windows on the north or east side are also needed. But they can be made not so much so that the total glazing area is smaller.
Wooden window standards
In the buildings of modern urban architecture, windows of various styles, designs and configurations are designed. The demand for spacious country houses is increasing, where large-area glazing systems are being installed. They use hidden support profiles and reinforcing partitions. Owners of prestigious suburban real estate prefer wooden frames with energy-saving double-glazed windows.
The main task in the design of such structures is to balance the dimensions of wooden windows with building proportions. Right Ratioensures the strength of such a structural element. Wooden models are much heavier than plastic or aluminum windows. To install windows made of glued natural timber, the size of the supporting area must be maintained. And also provides for sufficient strength of the building material that falls under the load.
Dimensions of wooden windows in a residential building are selected according to the designed forms of structures, sizes of openings. Competent calculation of the installation helps to achieve the best level of illumination, optimize heat loss.
Selection of the type of glazing takes into account the number of floors of the building, its orientation to the cardinal points, the building materials used for the walls and some additional characteristics. Common proportions of the choice of glazing area to the area of the room are 1 / 8 - 1 / 10.
Designers recommend installing wooden windows at a height of one meter from the floor.
The following standard sizes of wooden windows are offered on the construction market:
| Window type | Height, mm | Width, mm |
| Single leaf | 400 – 1 470 | 400 - 870 |
| Bivalves | 1 117 – 1 470 | 870 – 1 470 |
| Tri-leaved | 1 170 – 1 470 | 1 770 – 2 070 |
The specified data can be used for approximate calculations of the cost of windowsapartments, houses. Quite often, the dimensions of the windows of even one house do not match the standard ones by ten to fifteen centimeters. This is usually found in panel Khrushchev. Therefore, to calculate the exact price of a new window, it is still more reliable to use the experience of a measurer. Many window manufacturers will provide this service for free.
